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法医学硅藻检验技术近年来的应用发展

中国法医学杂志 2024年第2期39卷 204-208页

作者：窦姚依依聂胜洁孔维珠尹涵李安昆明医科大学法医学院云南昆明650500 昆明法医院司法鉴定中心云南昆明650033 昆明市公安局刑事科学技术研究所云南昆明650500

法医学中的硅藻检验作为一种重要的判断溺死死因的检验方法,在近年来得到了广泛的关注和应用。本文旨在系统回顾和总结硅藻检验技术在法医学领域的应用进展,通过文献调研,总结了相关的研究成果。对法医学硅藻检验的基础知识、技术应用... 详细信息

法医学中的硅藻检验作为一种重要的判断溺死死因的检验方法,在近年来得到了广泛的关注和应用。本文旨在系统回顾和总结硅藻检验技术在法医学领域的应用进展,通过文献调研,总结了相关的研究成果。对法医学硅藻检验的基础知识、技术应用以及未来展望等方面进行了分析。通过对检验方法优缺点的探讨,对硅藻检验中存在的问题、发展方向进行讨论分析,以期待对溺死诊断有所帮助和借鉴。

关键词：法医学硅藻检验溺死诊断

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第5期10卷 737-740页

作者： Dong Yi Kim Jae Kyoon Joo Seong Yeob Ryu Young Jin Kim Shin kon Kim Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery Department of SurgeryChonnam National University Medical SchoolGwangjuKorea

AIM:The prognosis of early gastric carcinoma (EGC) is generally excellent after surgery. The presence or absence of lymph node metastasis in EGC is an important prognostic factor. The survival and recurrence rates of node-negative EGC are much better than those of node-positive EGC. This study examined the factors related to lymph node metastasis in EGC to determine the appropriate treatment for ***: We investigated 748 patients with EGC who underwent surgery between January 1985 and December 1999 at the Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital. Several clinicopathologic factors were investigated to analyze their relationship to lymph node metastasis: age, sex, tumor location, tumor size, gross type, histologic type, depth of invasion, extent of lymph node dissection, type of operation,and DNA ***:Lymph node metastases were found in 75 patients (10.0%). Univariate analysis showed that male sex, tumor size larger than 2.0cm, submucosal invasion of tumor, histologic differentiation, and DNA ploidy pattern were risk factors for regional lymph node metastasis in EGC patients. However, a multivariate analysis showed that three risk factors were associated with lymph node metastasis:large tumor size, undifferentiated histologic type and submucosal invasion. No statistical relationship was found for age, sex, tumor location, gross type, or DNA ploidy in multivariate analysis. The 5-year survival rate was 94.2% for those without lymph node metastasis and 87.3% for those with lymph node metastasis, and the difference was significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: In patients with EGC, the survival rate of patients with positive lymph nodes is significantly worse than that of patients with no lymph node metastasis. Therefore,a standard D2 lymphadenectomy should be performed in patients at high risk of lymph node metastasis: large tumor size, undifferentiated histologic type and submucosal invasion.

关键词： Stomach Neoplasms Adult Cell Differentiation Female Humans Logistic Models Lymph Node Excision Lymphatic Metastasis control Male Risk Factors Survival Rate

Ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count is a potential surrogate marker predicting liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 82-87页

作者： Hiroya Iida Masaki Kaibori Kosuke Matsui Morihiko Ishizaki Masanori kon Department of Surgery Kansai Medical University

AIM To provide a simple surrogate marker predictive of liver cirrhosis(LC).METHODS Specimens from 302 patients who underwent resection for hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2006 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on pathologic findings, patients were divided into groups based on whether or not they had LC. Parameters associated with hepatic functional reserve were compared in these two groups using MannWhitney U-test for univariate analysis. Factors differing significantly in univariate analyses were entered into multivariate logistic regression *** There were significant differences between the LC group(n = 100) and non-LC group(n = 202) in prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin, cholinesterase, type Ⅳ collagen, hyaluronic acid, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min, maximal removal rate of technitium-99 m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin and ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count(MPV/PLT). Multivariate analysis showed that prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and hyaluronic acid, and MPV/PLT ratio were factors independently predictive of LC. The area under the curve value for MPV/PLT was 0.78,with a 0.8 cutoff value having a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 78%.CONCLUSION The MPV/PLT ratio, which can be determined simply from the complete blood count, may be a simple surrogate marker predicting LC.

关键词： Mean platelet volume Platelet count Liver cirrhosis Hepatic functional reserve Liver fibrosis

Bilateral Multi-Level Pedicle Fractures in the Lumbar Spine Secondary to Trauma: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第4期10卷 422-426页

作者： Noukhoum koné Department of Neurosurgery Kiffa Hospital Center Kiffa Mauritania

Pedicle fractures are among the least common;those involving bilateral pedicle fractures are rare. To our knowledge, there are no previous reports of bilateral multi-level pedicle fractures in the lumbar spine secondary to trauma concerning adolescents. We report a 14-year-old male with bilateral multi-level traumatic pedicle fractures (BMTPF) of lumbar spine (LS) three and five (L3, L5) and spondylolisthesis of L3 on L4 (classified Meyerding grade II). Posterior lumbar instrumentation from L1 to S1 was performed. Postoperative recovery was uneventful. The aims of the study were to provide the first documentation of this pattern of injury in adolescents LS secondary to trauma and to review literature. The patient’s parents were informed that non-identifying information from the case would be submitted for publication, and they provided consent.

关键词： Pedicle Traumatic Fracture Lumbar Spine Scews

Effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic field exposure on testiculargerm cell apoptosis in mice

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2004年第1期6卷 29-34页

作者： Jin Sang Lee Sang Seok Ahn Kyeong Cheon Jung Yoon-Won Kim Sang kon Lee Institute of Medical Science Hallym University School of Medicine Chunchon 200-060 Korea Department of Urology Hallym University School of Medicine Chunchon 200-060 Korea Department of Pathology Hallym University School of Medicine Chunchon 200-060 Korea Department of Microbiology Hallym University School of Medicine Chunchon 200-060 Korea

Aim: To evaluate the effects of 60 Hz extremely low frequency (ELF) elelctromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on germ cell apoptosis in the testis of mice. Methods: Adult male BALB/c mice (7 weeks of age) were exposed to a 60 Hz EMF of 0.1 mT or 0.5 mT for 24 h/day. A sham-exposed group served as the control. After 8 weeks of exposure, the mice were sacrificed. Germ cell apoptosis in the testis was assessed by histopathological examination, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay (TUNEL) and flow cytometric examination of isolated spermatogenic cells stained with 7 aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). Results: EMF exposure did not significantly affect the body and testis weights, but significantly increased the incidence of germ cell death. The distinguishing morphological feature of EMF exposure was a decrement in the number of well organized seminiferous tubules. Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive germ cells showed a significantly higher apoptotic rate in the 0.5 mT exposed mice than that in the sham controls (P<0.05), while the difference between the two exposed groups was insignificant. The TUNEL-positive cells were mainly spermatogonia. In flow cytometry analysis, the percentage of live cells [forward scatter count (FSC)high7-AAD-] was lower in the exposed groups than that in the controls (Figure 5A), but the decrease in viability was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Continuous exposure to ELF EMF may induce testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice.

关键词： electromagnetic field testis apoptosis TUNEL flow cytometry 7-aminoactinomycin D

Antiproliferative Effects of Zinc-Citrate Compound on Hormone Refractory Prostate Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2012年第2期24卷 124-129页

作者： Hoo Hong Yong Sun Choi Hyuk Jin Cho Ji Youl Lee Joon Chul Kim Tae kon Hwang Sae Woong Kim Department of Urology College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea

Objective： To investigate the antiproliferative effects of zinc-citrate compound on hormone refractory prostate cancer （HRPC）. Methods： HRPC cell line （DU145） and normal prostate cell line （RWPE-1） were treated with zinc, citrate and zinc-citrate compound at different time intervals and concentrations to investigate the effect of zinc-citrate compound. Mitochondrial （m）-aconitase activity was determined using aconitase assay. DNA laddering analysis was performed to investigate apoptosis of DU145 cells. Molecular mechanism of apoptosis was investigated by Western blot analysis of P53, P21w^fl, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bax, and also caspase-3 activity analysis. Results： Treatment with zinc-citrate compound resulted in a time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell number of DU145 cells in comparison with RWPE-1. M-aconitase activity was significantly decreased. DNA laddering analysis indicated apoptosis of DU145 cells. Zinc-citrate compound increased the expression of P21wall and P53, and reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins but induced the expression of Bax protein. Zinc-citrate compound induced apoptosis of DU145 cells by activation of the caspase-3 pathway. Conclusion： Zinc-citrate compound can induce apoptotic cell death in DU145, by caspase-3 activation through up-regulation of apoptotic proteins and down-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins.

关键词： Prostatic neoplasm Zinc Apoptosis

Increasing the detail of European land use/cover data by combining heterogeneous data sets

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第5期13卷 602-626页

作者： konštantín Rosina Filipe Batista e Silva Pilar Vizcaino Mario Marín Herrera Sérgio Freire Marcello Schiavina European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly

Data on land use and land cover(LULC)are a vital input for policy-relevant research,such as modelling of the human population,socioeconomic activities,transportation,environment,and their *** Europe,CORINE Land Cover has been the only data set covering the entire continent consistently,but with rather limited spatial *** data sets have provided much better detail,but either have covered only a fraction of Europe(*** Atlas)or have been thematically restricted(*** High Resolution Layers).In this study,we processed and combined diverse LULC data to create a harmonised,ready-to-use map covering 41 *** doing so,we increased the spatial detail(from 25 to one hectare)and the thematic detail(by seven additional LULC classes)compared to the CORINE Land ***,we decomposed the class‘Industrial and commercial units’into‘Production facilities’,‘Commercial/service facilities’and‘Public facilities’using machine learning to exploit a large database of points of *** overall accuracy of this thematic breakdown was 74%,despite the confusion between the production and commercial land uses,often attributable to noisy training data or mixed land *** learnt from this exercise are discussed,and further research direction is proposed.

关键词： Data fusion land use land cover machine learning points of interest

Clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric carcinoma in elderly patients: A comparison with young patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第1期11卷 22-26页

作者： Dong-Yi Kim Jae-Kyoon Joo Seong-Yeob Ryu Young-Kyu Park Young-Jin Kim Shin-kon Kim Division of Gastroenterologic Surgery

AIM:To examine the clinicopathologic features of elderly patients with gastric carcinoma and to investigate the relationship between prognosis and ***: We reviewed the hospital records of 2 014patients with gastric carcinoma retrospectively to compare the clinicopathologic findings in elderly (age ＞70 years) and young (age ＜36 years) patients during the period from 1986 to 2000 in a tertiary referral center in Gwangju, Korea. Overall survival was the main outcome ***: Of the 2 014 patients, 194 (9.6%) were in the elderly group and 137 (6.8%) were in the young *** elderly and young patients had similar distributions with respect to depth of invasion, nodal involvement, hepatic metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, tumor stage at the initial diagnosis, and type of surgery. Synchronous multiple carcinomas were found in 14/194 (7.2%) of the elderly group and 4/137 (2.9%) of the young group (P＜0.05). Using the Borrmann classification, type Ⅳ was more frequent in the young patients than in the elderly patients (P＜0.05).Significantly more elderly patients had a well or moderately differentiated histology, and more young patients had a poorly differentiated histology and signet ring cell carcinoma (P＜0.001). The 5-year survival rates of elderly and young patients did not differ statistically (52.8% vs 46.5%,P = 0.5290). Multivariate analysis showed that the histologic type, nodal involvement and operative curability were significant prognostic factors, and age itself was not an independent prognostic factor of survival for elderly gastric carcinoma ***: Elderly patients with gastric carcinoma do not have a worse prognosis than young patients. The important prognostic factor is whether the patients undergo a curative resection.

关键词： Gastric carcinomas Prognosis Age Surgery

GATA4 mutations are uncommon in patients with 46,XY disorders of sex development without heart anomaly

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 629-631页

作者： Maki Igarashi Kentaro Mizuno Masafumi kon Satoshi Narumi Yoshiyuki Kojima Yutaro Hayashi Tsutomu Ogata Maki Fukami Department of Molecular Endocrinology National Research Institute for Child Health and Development Tokyo 157-8535 Japan Department of Nephro-Urology Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya 467-8601 Japan Department of Urology Fukushima Medical University Fukushima 960-1295 Japan Department of Pediatrics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu 431-3192 Japan

Dear Editor, Disorders of sex development （DSDs） are a group of conditions in which chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex is atypical.1 DSD in genetic males （46,XY DSD） primarily results from impaired androgen production or action or perturbed genital morphogenesis？ The current understanding of the genetic basis of 46,XY DSD remains fragmentary. For example, although more than 15 genes have been implicated in the development ofnonsyndromic hypospadias,2 one of the most common forms of 46,XY DSD,~ mutations in these genes account for 〈20% of the cases.3

关键词： TRANSCRIPTION HYPOSPADIAS ETIOLOGY GENE