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Modeling Submicron Particles Collection in Laminar Forced Convection Gas Flow by a Rectangular Venturi Scrubber

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2016年第1期5卷 10-26页

作者： Serge Wendsida Igo kokou N’wuitcha Belkacem Zeghmati Xavier Chesneau Département Energie Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso GPTE-LES Département de Physique Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Physique des Systèmes (LAMPS) Perpignan France

Venturi scrubbers are usually used for large particles cleaning in turbulent gaseous flow. In this work, submicron particles scrubbing in laminar forced convection dusty air flow in a rectangular venturi scrubber have been numerically simulated. Hydrodynamics effects and scrubbing process are investigated in detail. Results are presented as flow velocity, axial pressure, streamlines pattern, particles and droplets mass fraction profile, and collect efficiency. They show that venturi scrubbers can be efficient for submicron particles scrubbing. In fact, a better collect efficiency is obtained at high particles-droplets residence time, high ratio droplets concentration/particles concentration, low venturi diameter ratioand low Reynolds numbers. There is a critical Reynolds number value for which the collect efficiency becomes very low and tends to be constant.

关键词： Venturi Scrubber Submicron Particles Diffusion Laminar Flow Collect Efficiency

Diagnosis of Large Papillary Excavations in Developing Countries: From Automated Visual Field to OCT of the Ganglion Complex. About a Case

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2021年第2期11卷 143-151页

作者： kokou Messan Amedome Kassoula Batomaguéla Nonon Saa Kossi Dzidzinyo kokou Vonor Nidain Maneh Koffi Didier Ayena Komi Balo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kara Kara Togo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio de Lomé Lomé Togo Centre Hospitalier Régional de Kara Tomdè Kara Togo Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Campus de Lomé Lomé Togo Hô pital de Bè Lomé Lomé Togo

Background: Large papillary excavations constitute a true differential diagnosis of glaucoma in our environments. Aim: To present a clinical case of large papillary excavation simulating glaucomatous optic neuropathy in a young subject. Case Presentation: The ophthalmologic examination made it possible to note a visual acuity of LogMar 0.00, ocular hypertonia and a large papillary excavation in both eyes. The visual field noted bilateral perimetric involvement suggesting optic neuropathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ganglion complex revealed an absence of involvement of the ganglion complex and the ganglion ridge essential to evoke optic neuropathy. An ocular hypotonizing treatment made it possible to normalize the intraocular pressure. Conclusion: The particularity of this observation lies in the fact that the perimeter involvement that preceded any involvement can simulate a glaucomatous involvement. Functional damage to the visual field must be correlated with structural damage to suggest glaucomatous damage in our ophthalmic patients.

关键词： Large Excavation Optic Neuropathy Glaucoma OCT Kara

TAK1 Deficiency in Macrophages Increases Host Susceptibility to Leishmania Infection

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2023年第3期5卷 127-136页

作者： Xiankai Cao Kossiwa C.kokou Shi Yu Mengdan Chen Junling Niu HervéLecoeur Eric Prina Gerald F.Späth Guangxun Meng The Center for Microbes Development and HealthCAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology&ImmunologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Institute Pasteur Paris City UniversityINSERM U1201Molecular Parasitology and Signalling UnitParisFrance Pasteurien College Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Nanjing Advanced Academy of Life and Health NanjingChina.

Leishmania parasites mainly infect macrophages and may cause severe immunopathologies in their host,which are called *** the current work,we infected human and mouse macrophages in vitro with Leishmania major,an etiological agent of cu-taneous leishmaniasis,and found that inhibition or deletion of the transforming growth factorβ–activated kinase 1(TAK1)gene re-sulted in increased parasite *** vivo,following a challenge with ***,mice with a macrophage-specific deletion of TAK1 showed increased clinical signs and higher parasite loads compared with wild-type ***1 deficiency in mouse macro-phages led to biased Th2 cell responses during the acute stage of infection,characterized by a decrease in interferon-γexpression,and increased expression of IL-4,IL-5 and ***,we found that,in the late stage of *** infection,excessive Th2-related cytokines led to high arginase 1 expression in mouse tissues and a significant reduction of NO production both locally and system-ically,resulting in compromised control of *** findings suggest that TAK1 plays a vital role in host resistance to Leish-mania infection.

关键词： TAK1 macrophage Leishmania major arginase 1 nitric oxide

Numerical Study of Mixed Convection in an Isosceles Trapezoidal Cavity with Several Outlets: Application for Primary Air Draft in ASUTO Charcoal Stove

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Modern Mechanical Engineering 2022年第2期12卷 45-61页

作者： Gagnon Koffi Apedanou kokou N’wuitcha Yendoubé Lare Kossi Napo Laboratoire sur l’Energie Solaire Chair Unesco Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire sur l’Energie Solaire Groupe Phénomènes de Transfert et Energétique (LES-GPTE) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

Mixed convection of heat and mass transfer in an isosceles trapezoidal cavity has been studied numerically. Constant heat flux is imposed through four outlets and the grid is insulated. The inclined walls are maintained in natural convection while the lower horizontal wall is adiabatic. These conditions reflect the air draft zone of the ASUTO charcoal stove. The governing two-di- mensional flow equations have been solved by using the finite difference method and Thomas’s algorithm. The investigations are conducted for different values of Richardson (Ri), Reynolds number (Re) and inclination angles of sidewalls. The results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, moisture contours. It was found that for Reynolds number (Re) equal to 100, the flow pattern is strongly dependent on the inclination angle and Richardson number. Thus, for high Richardson number (Ri) values (10, 100), the dominance of natural convection over the flow structure decreases with the decreasing of the inclination angle of sidewalls of the cavity. For Ri = 1, an optimum air draft corresponds to an inclination angle in the vicinity of 22° while for Ri = 10 or 100 (in dominance of natural convection), the optimum inclination angle for air draft is in the vicinity of 15°.

关键词： Mixed Convection Heat and Mass Transfer Trapezoidal Cavity ASUTO Charcoal Stove Richardson Number Several Outlets

Linear Panel Data and Farming Cash Flow Analyses to Assess the Causes of Deforestation in the Upper Guinean Forest: Data and Evidence from the Prefectures of the Central Region in Togo

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Natural Resources 2020年第3期11卷 71-95页

作者： Koffi Ayewa Bassan Erin O. Sills Kouami kokou Ecole Supérieure d’Agronomie Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA Laboratoire de Botanique de la Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

We present a careful quantitative description of land use in central Togo, by constructing farm budgets and analyzing time series data on agricultural production in four prefectures over the time period from 1996 to 2015. One key finding is that higher prices for chemical inputs are associated with more deforestation (as proxied by area in yam production), and correspondingly, greater quantities of chemical inputs applied are associated with less deforestation. This confirms that chemical fertilizers and forest clearing are substitutes and suggests that one path to reducing deforestation is to increase agricultural productivity, and to provide farmer with agricultural risk assistance that covers the farming negative externality costs. This risk assistance may include the coverage for the environmental deterioration costs, and the subsidies to compensate for investments’ cost.

关键词： Panel Data Deforestation Factors Farming Cost-Benefit Analysis Agriculture Productivity Agriculture Risks

Modeling of the Global Daily Horizontal Solar Radiation Data over Togo

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第12期13卷 403-412页

作者： Yendoubé Lare Kanlanféi Sambiani kokou Amega Moyème Kabe Laboratoire sur l’Energie Solaire Département de Physique Université de Lomé Lomé Togo West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (Wascal) University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger

Solar photovoltaic appears to be the most interesting renewable energy in developing countries where its deposit is abundant. Unfortunately, the lack of precise knowledge of solar radiation deposit and its limited data hinder optimal exploitation of solar installations. This study presents a performing model for daily global horizontal solar radiation for the five regional capitals in Togo: Lomé, Atakpamé, Sokodé, Kara and Dapaong. The data used for the study were obtained from the General Directorate of National Meteorology of Togo, for five years. The model developed combines linear and nonlinear methods with harmonic and exponential terms taking into account climatological parameters such as location latitude, daily relative humidity, daily ratio of sunshine duration and daily mean temperature. Statistical errors of the model were compared to those of two previous models elaborated for Togo and Nigeria. The results showed that the model is more efficient to predict global horizontal solar radiation over the five main cities in Togo. The comparison of estimated data and measured ones showed a good agreement between them.

关键词： Horizontal Solar Radiation Modeling Non-Linear Regression Statistical Errors

Modeling of Coupled Heat and Mass Transfer in a Trapezoidal Porous Bed on a Grid

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2023年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： kokou N’Wuitcha Gagnon Koffi Apedanou Yendoubé Lare Kossi Napo Laboratoire sur l’Energie Solaire Groupe Phénomènes de Transfert et Energétique (LES-GPTE) Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Laboratoire sur l’Energie Solaire Chair Unesco Faculté des Sciences Université de Lomé Lomé Togo

We investigate heat and mass transfer in an isosceles trapezoidal cavity, filled with charcoal considered as a granular porous medium. The Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer flow model is coupled to the energy and mass equations with the assumption of non-thermal equilibrium. These equations are discretized by the finite volume method with an offset mesh and then solved by the line-by-line method of Thomas. The coupling between pressure and velocity is obtained by Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations. (SIMPLE) algorithm. The results show that the temperature in the cavity increases when the inclination angle of the sides walls decreases. The 15° inclination is selected as being able to offer better thermal performance in the cookstove combustion chamber.

关键词： Heat and Mass Transfer Isosceles Trapezoidal Cavity Porous Medium Finite Volume Method SIMPLE Algorithm

Simultaneous extraarticular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal and dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb： A case report

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2015年第4期18卷 232-234页

作者： anani Abalo Sena Amouzou Kouami Amakoutou Assang Dossim Service de Traumatologie Orthopedie CHU Sylvanus Olympio Lomb Togo

Double fracture-dislocations of the thumb are rare. Only a single case report of a simultaneous extraarticular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal and dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint has been previously reported. We report the second case report of this injury in a 20-year-old man. The patient had an excellent outcome after treatment.

关键词： Carpometacarpal joints Metacarpophalangeal joint Extraarticular fracture Thumb

Ecological Sustainability of Detar (<i>Detarium senegalense</i>J. F. Gmel) in Togo (West Africa)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第3期10卷 417-432页

作者： Fifonsi Ayélé Dangbo Kossi Adjonou Kouami kokou Juergen Blaser Forest Research Laboratory Faculty of Sciences University of Lome Lome Togo Forest and Climate Change Department Bern University of Applied Science (HAFL) Bern Switzerland

Detarium senegalense J. F. Gmel., of the family of Fabaceae is one of the most exploited tree species in Togo. However, there are only few scientific studies on the distribution of this specie. This study is a contribution to the promotion of multi-purpose tree species in Togo with particular emphasis on a better knowledge of Detarium senegalense. It provides data on the ecology of the specie and his state of regeneration. The data on the specie are based on sample plots in the areas identified as hosts of the specie in Togo. A total of 77 circular plots of 1000 m2 (17.8 m radius) were established in ecological zones II, IV and V of Togo. The dendrometric parameters identified are: the total height and diameter at breast height (DBH) of Detarium senegalense and of all species found in each plot. Detarium senegalense trees of DBH < 10 cm are considered as potential regenerations. Detarium senegalense is more abundant in zones IV (forest area), followed by zone II. In zone V, Detarium senegalense is located only in the forest of “Have”. The structure of Detarium senegalense has a bell-shaped distribution with predominance of trees with large and intermediate diameters ranging between 30 and 70 cm. Trees of small DBH (Detarium senegalense occurs. This indicates a low regeneration rate of the specie. However, the structure of all species inventoried has a negative exponential distribution with predominance of small diameter trees. The sustainable management of Detarium senegalense in the forest can only be secured through a sustainable harvesting of seeds and actives promotion of natural regeneration.

关键词： Detarium senegalense Distribution Ecology Non-Timber Forest Products Togo