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Assessing and reducing risks from historical gold mine tailings in Nova Scotia, Canada

Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 32-33页

作者： Michael B. Parsons Paul K. Smith Terry A. Goodwin Gwendy E.M. Hall Jeanne B. Percival Rita Mroz Kenneth G, Doe kok-leng tay Vince-P. Palace Geological Survey of Canada （Atlantic） P.O. Box 1006 Dartmouth NS Canada B2Y4A2 Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources 1701 Hollis St. Halifax NS Canada B3J 2T9 Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth St. Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0E8 Environment Canada 45 Alderney Dr. Dartmouth NS Canada B2Y 2N6 Environment Canada P.O. Box 23005 Moncton NB Canada E1A 6S8 Fisheries and Oceans Canada 501 University Cr Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N6

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Cr-assisted low-temperature densification of(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C high-entropy carbides with ultrafine grain and enhanced hardness

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 780-788页

作者： Yang Liu Jiaji Liang Weiming Guo Shikuan Sun Yu Tian Hua-tay Lin School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Tools Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Material Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China

While the use of low-melting-point metals as sintering aids for high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceramics has been well established,their existence can compromise hardness due to residual metallic *** study demonstrates an innovative strategy to meet this challenge,where(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C high-entropy carbide ceramics with ultrafine grains and enhanced hardness are obtained through chromium(Cr)-metal-assisted spark plasma sintering(SPS)at a temperature as low as 1600℃.The results show that the addition of 5 vol%Cr promotes the formation of highly densified single HEC phase ceramics with a high relative density(98.4%)and an ultrafine-grained microstructure(0.17μm).This low-temperature densification mechanism can be attributed to Cr’s solid-solution effect within the matrix and the increased carbon vacancies generated during *** grain size of the(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics with 5 vol%Cr metal addition is significantly smaller than that of Cr-free(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics sintered at 2000℃(3.03μm)or via traditional low-temperature liquid-phase sintering(1.3–1.5μm).Importantly,the addition of 5 vol%Cr substantially increased the hardness of the ceramics,with a remarkable increase from 23.57 to 28.16 GPa compared to that of the pure(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics,owing to the fine-grain strengthening and solid-solution strengthening *** work highlights the uniqueness of Cr metal as a sintering aid in achieving densification and hardness improvements in(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C ceramics,offering a promising strategy for improving the properties of HEC materials for further development in the near future.

关键词： solid solution sinterability hardness enhancement (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,Mo)C high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceramics

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Prediction of net energy of feeds for broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 241-250页

作者： Aye-Cho tay-Zar Manoosak Wongphatcharachai Pairat Srichana Pierre-André Geraert Jean Noblet Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand Adisseo France S.A.S. AntonyFrance INRAE RennesFrance

Net energy(NE)enables the prediction of more accurate feed energy values by taking into account the heat increment which is approximately 25%of apparent metabolizable energy(AME)in ***,application of NE in poultry industry has not been practiced *** predict the NE values of broiler diets,23 diets were prepared by using 13 major ingredients(wheat,corn,paddy rice,broken rice,cassava pellets,full-fat soybean,soybean meal,canola meal,animal protein,rice bran,wheat bran,palm kernel meal and palm kernel oil).The diets were formulated in order to meet the birds'requirements and get a wide range of chemical compositions(on DM basis;33.6%to 55.3%for starch;20.8%to 28.4%for CP,2.7%to 10.6%for ether extract[EE]and 7.0%to 17.2%for NDF),with low correlations between these nutrients and low correlations between the inclusion levels of ingredients allowing for the calculation of robust prediction equations of energy values of diets or *** diets were fed to Ross 308 broilers raised in 12 open-circuit respiratory chambers from 18 to 23 d of age(4 birds per cage)and growth performance,diet AME content and heat production were measured,and dietary NE values were *** trial was conducted on a weekly basis with 12 diets measured each week(1per chamber),1 of the 23 diets(reference diet)being measured each *** diet was tested at least *** total,235 energy balance data values were available for the final *** performance,AME(15.3 MJ/kg DM on average)and AME/GE(79.4%on average)values were as *** NE/AME value averaged 76.6%and was negatively influenced by CP and NDF and positively by EE in connection with efficiencies of AME provided by CP,EE and starch for NE of 73%,87%and 81%,*** best prediction equation was:NE=(0.815×AME)—(0.026×CP)+(0.020×EE)—(0.024×NDF)with NE and AME as MJ/kg DM,and CP,EE and NDF as%of *** NE prediction equations from this study agree with other recently reported equation

关键词： Net energy Broiler Poultry Feed evaluation Energy system

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Aquaculture species diversification in China

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 206-217页

作者： Gen Hua Yue Yi Xuan tay Joey Wong Yubang Shen Junhong Xia Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of Singapore1 Research Link117604Singapore Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic AnimalsCollege of Life SciencesSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China

China has been the top aquaculture producer in the world since *** 800 species and 240 improved varieties have been used in China’s aquaculture,which is the most diverse collection of species on this *** diversification,along with other aquaculture technologies,contributes significantly to the increase of China’s aquaculture production,whereas the use of too many species in aquaculture has resulted in some issues related to the environment and *** provide an updated overview of the species currently used in Chinese aquaculture in this *** examine critically the main drivers of species diversification in China with *** also introduce Chinese approaches to improve and certify new species and varieties for commercial *** believe that further species diversification is not a priority in China’s aquaculture,while further improvement of aquaculture technologies for major and native species is essential for green,profitable,and sustainable(GPS)*** implications of China’s experiences with species diversification for global aquaculture species diversification are discussed.

关键词： Fish Species Diversification Improvement Future

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Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry: Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho tay-Zar Shu-Biao Wu Pairat Srichana Pierre Cozannet Pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited (CPF) School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New England Adisseo France S.A.S.

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic animals. The oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE), and fecal, urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME). In the case of ruminants and pigs, the net energy(NE) system, which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME, has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 years. For poultry, apparent ME(AME) is used exclusively and NE is not yet used widely. The present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for poultry. NE prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed; these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 diets. The equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete diets. They rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE value. Our analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE system. Practical considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance) systems are presented. In conclusion, there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

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Elimination of methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on titanium implants via photothermally‑triggered nitric oxide and immunotherapy for enhanced osseointegration

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 157-179页

作者： Yong‑Lin Yu Jun‑Jie Wu Chuan‑Chuan Lin Xian Qin Franklin R.tay Li Miao Bai‑Long Tao Yang Jiao Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563003GuizhouChina Laboratory Research Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Blood Transfusion Laboratory of Radiation Biologythe Second Affiliated HospitalArmy Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400037China Department of Reproductive Endocrinology Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqing 401147China The Graduate School Augusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA Department of Stomatology the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100700China

Background:Treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilm infections in implant placement surgery is limited by the lack of antimicrobial activity of titanium(Ti)*** is a need to explore more effective approaches for the treatment of MRSA biofilm ***:Herein,an interfacial functionalization strategy is proposed by the integration of mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles(PDA),nitric oxide(NO)release donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP)and osteogenic growth peptide(OGP)onto Ti implants,denoted as Ti-PDA@*** physical and chemical properties of Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP were assessed by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscope,water contact angle,photothermal property and NO release *** synergistic antibacterial effect and elimination of the MRSA biofilms were evaluated by 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe,1-N-phenylnaphthylamine assay,adenosine triphosphate intensity,O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside hydrolysis activity,bicinchoninic acid *** staining,assays for alkaline phosphatase activity,collagen secretion and extracellular matrix mineralization,quantitative real‑time reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to evaluate the inflammatory response and osteogenic ability in bone marrow stromal cells(MSCs),RAW264.7 cells and their co-culture *** staining,ELISA,micro-CT,hematoxylin and eosin,Masson's trichrome and immunohistochemistry staining were used to evaluate the eradication of MRSA biofilms,inhibition of inflammatory response,and promotion of osseointegration of Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP in ***:Ti-PDA@SNP-OGP displayed a synergistic photothermal and NO-dependent antibacterial effect against MRSA following near-infrared light(NIR)irradiation,and effectively eliminated the formed MRSA biofilms by inducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)-mediated oxidative stress,destroying bacterial membrane integrity and

关键词： Polydopamine nanoparticles Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nitric oxide Osseointegration Osteo-immunomodulation Photothermal effect Titanium implants

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Interorgan communication in neurogenic heterotopic ossification: the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 137-152页

作者： Weicheng Lu Jianfei Yan Chenyu Wang Wenpin Qin Xiaoxiao Han Zixuan Qin Yu Wei Haoqing Xu Jialu Gao Changhe Gao Tao Ye Franklin R.tay Lina Niu Kai Jiao Department of Stomatology Tangdu Hospital&State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration&School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxiChina The Dental College of Georgia Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Brain-derived extracellular vesicles participate in interorgan communication after traumatic brain injury by transporting pathogens to initiate secondary ***-related proteins encapsulated in brain-derived extracellular vesicles can cross the blood‒brain barrier to reach distal *** proteins initiate inflammatory dysfunction,such as neurogenic heterotopic *** recurrent condition is highly debilitating to patients because of its relatively unknown pathogenesis and the lack of effective prophylactic intervention ***,a rat model of neurogenic heterotopic ossification induced by combined traumatic brain injury and achillotenotomy was developed to address these two *** examination of the injured tendon revealed the coexistence of ectopic calcification and fibroblast *** relationships among brain-derived extracellular vesicles,fibroblast pyroptosis and ectopic calcification were further investigated in vitro and in *** injection of the pyroptosis inhibitor Ac-YVAD-cmk reversed the development of neurogenic heterotopic ossification in *** present work highlights the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of neurogenic heterotopic ossification and offers a potential strategy for preventing neurogenic heterotopic ossification after traumatic brain injury.

关键词： neurogenic ossification pathogenesis

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Nonlinear Absorption and Low-threshold Two-photon Pumped Amplified Stimulated Emission from FAPbBr_(3) Nanocrystals

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发光学报 2024年第8期45卷 1281-1291页

作者： WANG Yajuan tay Yong Kang Eugene WANG Fang YU Sheng SUM Tze Chien LIU Wei School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo 315211China School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637371Singapore College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China

Formamidinium lead bromide(FAPbBr_(3))nanocrystals(NCs)have been considered to be a good optoelectronic material due to their pure green emission,excellent stability and superior carrier transport ***,two-photon pumped amplified spontaneous emission(ASE)and the corresponding nonlinear optical properties of FAPbBr_(3) NCs are scarcely ***,we synthesized colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs with different sizes by changing the molar ratio of FABr/PbBr_(2) in the precursor solution,using ligand assisted precipitation(LARP)technology at room ***(PL)and time resolved photoluminescence(TRPL)spectroscopy were measured to characterize their ASE *** their nonlinear optical properties were studied through the Zscan technique and the two-photon excited fluorescence *** stimulated emission properties including oneand two-photon pumped ASE have been realized from FAPbBr_(3) *** large two-photon absorption coefficient(0.27 cm/GW)and high non-linear absorption cross-section(7.52×10^(5) GM),ASE with threshold as low as 9.8μJ/cm^(2) and 487μJ/cm^(2) have been obtained from colloidal FAPbBr_(3) NCs using one-and two-photon *** results indicate that as a new possible green-emitting frequency-upconversion material with low thresholds,FAPbBr_(3) NCs hold great potential in the development of high-performance two-photon pump lasers.

关键词： perovskites formamidinium lead bromide nanocrystals nonlinear optical gain amplified spontaneous emission

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Fabrication of piezoelectric AlN thin film for FBARs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第2期52卷 226-232页

作者： tay kok-Wan KUO Sin-Cha WU Menq-Jion Department of Electrical Engineering Wu Feng Institute of Technology Department of Electronics Engineering Far East University Tainan 744 Department of Mechatronics Engineering National Changhua University of Education Changhua 500

This paper focuses on the fabrication of film bulk acoustic-wave resonator (FBAR) comprising an aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric thin film sandwiched between two metal electrodes and located on a silicon substrate with a low-stress silicon nitride (Si3N4) support membrane for high frequency wireless applications, and analyzes the optimization of the thin AlN film deposition parameters on Mo electrodes using the reactive RF magnetron sputter system. Several critical parameters of the sputtering process such as RF power and Ar/N2 flow rate ratio were studied to clarify their effects on different electrodes characteristics of the AlN films. The experiment indicated that the process for Mo electrode was easier compared with that of the Pt/Ti or Au/Cr bi-layer electrode as it entailed only one photo resist and metal deposition step. Besides, Pt/Ti or Au/Cr electrodes reduced the resonance frequency due to their high mass density and low bulk acoustic velocity. Compared with the case of the Al bottom electrode, there is no evident amorphous layer between the Mo bottom electrode and the deposited AlN film. The characteristics of the FBAR devices depend not only upon the thickness and quality of the AlN film, but also upon the thickness of the top electrode and the materials used. The results indicate that decreasing the thickness of either the AlN film or the top electrode increases the resonance frequency. This suggests the potential of tuning the performance of the FBAR device by carefully controlling AlN film thickness. Besides, increasing either the thickness of the AlN film or higher RF power has improved a stronger c-axis orientation and tended to promote a narrower rocking curve full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), but increased both the grain size and the surface roughness. An FBAR device fabricated under optimal AlN deposition parameters has demonstrated the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient (k eff 2 ) and the quality factor (Q f x ) are about 1.5

关键词： sputtering thin film piezoelectric

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外台茯苓饮方证研究

外台茯苓饮方证研究

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作者：郑凯文（JEFFRI tay KAI WEN）南京中医药大学

学位级别：硕士

目的:本研究目的为总结外台茯苓饮应用经验,明晰其适用人群与适用病症。有助于提高用方准确性和安全性。方法:本课题采用回顾性研究,纳入300余部古籍和60多篇现代报道进行文献归纳。探讨古今文献应用外台茯苓饮的病因病机、疾病谱、剂... 详细信息

目的:本研究目的为总结外台茯苓饮应用经验,明晰其适用人群与适用病症。有助于提高用方准确性和安全性。方法:本课题采用回顾性研究,纳入300余部古籍和60多篇现代报道进行文献归纳。探讨古今文献应用外台茯苓饮的病因病机、疾病谱、剂量和演变规律。对现代临床研究则进行META分析。医案部分则采用黄煌教授医案105例和已报道过的古今医案共67例。医案分析采用频次统计、关联分析方法等可视化方法,阐述适用人群特征、症状与疾病,并对三者之间进行关联分析。医案剂量分析则采用K-Mean聚类分析,从而挖掘出剂量使用规律。结果:适用人群以体瘦高女性(模特儿身材)为多,其年龄层介于30-59岁之间。此类人群的饮食喜好多以稀食居多,如茶、汤、稀粥、豆浆等,或者有进食较快等不良饮食习惯。外台茯苓饮证一年四季多见于夏季。面容特征为面黄、肤黄、手黄、双眼皮、面有色斑、大眼睛、眨眼频繁。精神状态多见处于神疲乏力,或情绪不稳状态。腹证特点以胃内振水音为多,随着胃下垂程度的不同,振水音可见于脐周围,甚至少腹部等。腹证还可表现为腹部叩之有气声和脐跳。外台茯苓饮常见脉象以脉弱居多,其次有脉弦、脉沉、脉细、脉滑。外台茯苓饮常见舌象包括舌淡苔白、苔腻,或舌边齿痕,舌嫩,苔厚,或舌根苔厚。外台茯苓饮常见咽诊特征以咽喉暗红居多。由于体形、生活习惯、饮食习惯等因素,导致此类人群容易出现以下症状:以消化道症状为主,如食欲不振、腹胀、恶心呕吐、腹痛、肠鸣、反酸等。胸胁症状常见有气喘、咳嗽、胸闷、心悸心慌、胸痛。睡眠异常症状以入眠困难为多,其次为多梦。五官症状有头痛、头晕、口渴、头昏重、耳鸣、咽喉异物感。全身症状有恶寒、下肢水肿、皮肤痒和汗出。泌尿生殖症状有小便不利、小便频、月经量少、经期腹痛、月经有血块、月经淋漓、月经量多、经期延长、白带多、阴痒等。由于消化道症状居多,外台茯苓饮还可用于其他伴有消化道症状主要的疾病,如慢性胃炎、功能性消化不良、胃食管反流等。外台茯苓饮也可以用于伴有消化道症状的非消化道疾病,如精神心理疾病有失眠、焦虑症;呼吸道疾病有支气管炎、慢性咽炎、过敏性鼻炎、肺结节等;妇科疾病有月经量少、原发性痛经、子宫肌瘤等;外科疾病有甲状腺结节、乳腺结节等;皮肤疾病有荨麻疹、湿疹等;泌尿科疾病有慢性肾炎和肾积水等。除此以外,还有一些以消瘦、食欲不振、腹胀为特征的肿瘤类疾病。结论:基于痰饮的概念,外台茯苓饮多用于消化道疾病和呼吸道疾病。本研究认为外台茯苓饮还可广泛应用于其他疾病,如妇科疾病、皮肤科疾病、外科疾病等。外台茯苓饮可通过改善胃肠道功能,从而作用于非消化道疾病,本方应用范围仍有拓展空间。

关键词：外台茯苓饮茯苓饮经方方证黄煌

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