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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第12期23卷 120-127页

作者： NOBE koji,MOMOSE Kazutaka,SAKAI Yasushi Showa University 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 142-8555 Japan Division of Physiology Department of Occupational Therapy Shool of Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences Showa University 1865 Taka-Ichiba Department of Pharmacology Midori-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 226-8555 Japan School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Showa University 1-5-8 Hatanodai Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 142-8555 Japan Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences

AIM: To examine the effects of Kampo medicine, Keishi-ka-Shakuyaku-to (TJ-60) on the signal transduction in diabetic gastrointestinal dysfunction. METHODS: Experimental diabetic models were prepared using streptozotocin (STZ)-treated Wistar rats. Randomly selected STZ rats were treated with insulin (12 U·kg-1·d-1) or TJ-60 (1% of food intake). Diacylglycerol (DG) and DG kinase activities were quantified in isolated aortic smooth muscle tissue. RESULTS: One of the key element of the Pi-turnover, DG kinase activity in resting state in gastric smooth muscle was significantly increased compared to the control value, and carbachol (CCh)-induced response was not detectable, but it was detected in the control rats. On the other hand resting activity in ileum did not differ from the control, but the CCh-induced responses were suppressed. Treatment with TJ-60 indicated resistant effects for the alteration of DG kinase activities in diabetic intestinal tissues. In order to reveal the mechanism of the effects, t

关键词： diabetes mellitus Keshi-ka-Shakuyaku-to gastrointestinal smooth muscle herbal medicine muscle contraction diacylglycerol kinase signal transduction

Round Robin Study on the Thermal Conductivity/Diffusivity of a Gold Wire with a Diameter of 30μm Tested via Five Measurement Methods

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第4期31卷 1037-1051页

作者： ABE Ryo SEKIMOTO Yuki SAINI Shirkant MIYAZAKI koji LI Qin-Yi LI Dawei TAKAHASHI koji YAGI Takashi NAKAMURA Masakazu division of materials science nara institute of science and technologyikoma 630-0192japan department of mechanical and control engineering kyushu institute of technologykitakyushu 804-8550japan department ofaeronautics and astronautics kyushu universityfukuoka819-0395japan international institute for carbon-neutral energy research(wpi-i2cner) kyushu universityfukuoka 819-0395japan national metrology institute of japan national institute of advanced industrial science and technology tsukuba 305-8565japan

Since first establishing thermal measurement techniques for micrometer-scale wires,various methods have been devised and improved ***,the uncertainty of different measurements on the same sample has not yet been *** this work,a round robin test was performed to compare the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity measurement methods for a fine metal *** tested material was a pure gold wire,with a diameter of 30μ*** wire was cut into certain lengths and distributed to four institutions using five different measurement methods:the direct current(DC)self-heating method,the DC heating T-type method,the 3ωmethod for thermal conductivity,the scanning laser heating alternating current(AC)method,and the spot periodic heating radiation thermometry method for thermal *** completing the measurements,the reported thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity at room temperature,i.e.,317 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)and 128×10^(-6)m^(2)·s^(-1),respectively,were adopted as references for comparison with the measurement *** advantages and disadvantages of each method are described in terms of the effect of electrical and thermal junctions fabricated on a wire,such as an electrode,a thermocouple,and a heat *** knowledge obtained from the tested methods will be useful for selecting and designing a measurement technique for various wire-like materials.

关键词： thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity round robin test microscale wire

The Influence of Iron on Ammonium Ion Generation from Nitrate Ion in Liquid Phase

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第1期7卷 2673-2677页

作者： Youhei Kinoshita Naoki Okumura Kazunori Takashima Shinji Katsura Akira mizuno Department of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 JapanDepartment of Ecological Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan

Flue gas cleaning in discharge plasma process has been studied intensivelyand we have tried to remove the NO_x and SO_2 using the wet-type plasma reactor. In this system, NOis oxidized to NO_2 and absorbed as NO_3^-, and SO_2 is absorbed as SO_3^(2-) and oxidized in theliquid to SO_4^(2-). But the concentration of NO_3^- was saturated and the absorption of NO_x andSO_2 was inhibited. Then, the reduction of NO_3^- in the liquid is required. We examined thereductive reaction of NO_3^- to NH_4^+ using discharge above the liquid surface then the pH value ofthe liquid was changed to alkaline slightly. When the Fe plate was used as a ground electrode inthe liquid, NH_4^+ was generated. Then, the relation between the generation of NH_4^+ and Fe ions(Fe^(2+) and Fe^(3+)) was studied. When Fe^(2+) was presented in the liquid, NH_4^+ was generatedand Fe^(2+) was oxidized to Fe^(3+). Fe^(2+) is required to generate NH_4^+ from NO_3^-. When NH_4^+was generated from NO_3^-, both the calculated pH value from NH_4^+ concentration and the measuredpH value indicated a similar value. From these results, the discharge above the liquid surface waseffective to convert NO_3^- to NH_4^+ and the reductive reaction leads to more absorption of NO_3^-.These results showed that the wet-type plasma reactor is effective for NO_x and SO_2 removalsystem.

关键词： discharge plasma reduction nitric acid ammonium

Expression of the P2X_2 receptor in different classes of ileum myenteric neurons in the female obese ob/ob mouse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第34期18卷 4693-4703页

作者： Márcia Sanae mizuno Amanda Rabello Crisma Primavera Borelli Patricia Castelucci Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of So PauloCEP So Paulo 05508-900Brazil Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of So PauloCEP So Paulo 05508-900Brazil

AIM:To examine whether the ob/ob mouse model of obesity is accompanied by enteric nervous system ab-normalities such as altered motility METHODS:The study examined the distribution of the P2X 2 receptor (P2X 2 R) in myenteric neurons of female ob/ob mice. Specifically, we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the co-expression of the P2X 2 R with neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), choline acetyltrans-ferase (ChAT), and calretinin (CalR) in neurons of the small intestine myenteric plexus in ob/ob and control female mice In these sections, we used scanning confocal microscopy to analyze the co-localization of these markers as well as the neuronal density (cm 2 ) and area profile (μm2) of P2X 2 R-positive neurons In addition, enteric neurons were labeled using the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NA H) diaphorase method and analyzed with light microscopy as an alternate means by which to analyze neuronal density and areaRESULTS:In the present study, we observed a 29 6% increase in the body weight of the ob/ob animals (OG) compared to the control group (CG) In addition, the average small intestine area was increased by approxi-mately 29 6% in the OG compared to the CG Immu-noreactivity (IR) for the P2X 2 R, nNOS, ChAT and CalR was detectable in the myenteric plexus, as well as in the smooth muscle, in both groups This IR appeared to be mainly cytoplasmic and was also associated with the cell membrane of the myenteric plexus neurons, where it outlined the neuronal cell bodies and their processes P2X 2 R-IR was observed to co-localize 100% with that for nNOS, ChAT and CalR in neurons of both groups In the ob/ob group, however, we observed that the neuronal density (neuron/cm 2 ) of P2X 2 R-IR cells was in-creased by 62% compared to CG, while that of NOS-IR and ChAT-IR neurons was reduced by 49% and 57%, respectively, compared to control mice The neuronal density of CalR-IR neurons was not different between the groups Morphometric studies further demonstrated that the

关键词： Obesity P2X2 receptor Myenteric neurons Chemical coding Mouse

Enhanced ablation efficiency for silicon by femtosecond laser microprocessing with GHz bursts in MHz bursts(BiBurst)

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第1期4卷 75-83页

作者： Francesc Caballero-Lucas Kotaro Obata koji Sugioka RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics 2-1 HirosawaWako-shiSaitama 351-0198Japan

Ultrashort laser pulses confine material processing to the laser-irradiated area by suppressing heat diffusion,resulting in precise ablation in diverse ***,challenges occur when high speed material removal and higher ablation efficiencies are *** burst mode laser ablation has been proposed as a successful method to overcome these *** this approach,we studied the influence of combining GHz bursts in MHz bursts,known as Bi Burst mode,on ablation efficiency of *** Burst mode used in this study consists of multiple bursts happening at a repetition rate of 64 MHz,each of which contains multiple pulses with a repetition rate of 5 *** obtained results show differences between Bi Burst mode and conventional single pulse mode laser ablation,with a remarkable increase in ablation efficiency for the Bi Burst mode,which under optimal conditions can ablate a volume4.5 times larger than the single pulse mode ablation while delivering the same total energy in the process.

关键词： BiBurst mode GHz burst laser ablation surface microfabrication

Level-of-Detail Rendering of Large-Scale Irregular Volume Datasets Using Particles

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第5期25卷 905-915页

作者： Takuma Kawamura Naohisa Sakamoto koji Koyamada Member, IEEE Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education Kyoto University Kyoto 6068501 Japan

This paper describes a level-of-detail rendering technique for large-scale irregular volume *** is well known that the memory bandwidth consumed by visibility sorting becomes the limiting factor when carrying out volume rendering of such *** develop a sorting-free volume rendering technique,we previously proposed a particle-based technique that generates opaque and emissive particles using a density function constant within an irregular volume cell and projects the particles onto an image plane with *** the density function changes significantly in an irregular volume cell,the cell boundary may become prominent,which can cause blocky *** the number of the sub-pixels increases,the required frame buffer tends to be *** solve this problem,this work proposes a new particle-based volume rendering which generates particles using metropolis sampling and renders the particles using the ensemble average. To confirm the effectiveness of this method,we applied our proposed technique to several irregular volume datasets,with the result that the ensemble average outperforms the sub-pixel average in computational complexity and memory usage. In addition,the ensemble average technique allowed us to implement a level of detail in the interactive rendering of a 71-million-cell hexahedral volume dataset and a 26-million-cell quadratic tetrahedral volume dataset.

关键词： large-scale irregular volume level-of-detail volume rendering of unstructured meshes

Application of Simple Adaptive Control to Water Hydraulic Servo Cylinder System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第5期25卷 882-888页

作者： ITO Kazuhisa YAMADA Tsuyoshi IKEO Shigeru TAKAHASHI koji College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama 3378570 Japan Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tottori UniversityTottori 6808552 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Sophia UniversityTokyo 1028554 Japan

Although conventional model reference adaptive control （MRAC） achieves good tracking performance for cylinder control, the controller structure is much more complicated and has less robustness to disturbance in real applications. This paper discusses the use of simple adaptive control （SAC） for positioning a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. Compared with MRAC, SAC has a simpler and lower order structure, i.e., higher feasibility. The control performance of SAC is examined and evaluated on a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. With the recent increased concerns over global environmental problems, the water hydraulic technique using pure tap water as a pressure medium has become a new drive source comparable to electric, oil hydraulic, and pneumatic drive systems. This technique is also preferred because of its high power density, high safety against fire hazards in production plants, and easy availability. However, the main problems for precise control in a water hydraulic system are steady state errors and overshoot due to its large friction torque and considerable leakage flow. MRAC has been already applied to compensate for these effects, and better control performances have been obtained. However, there have been no reports on the application of SAC for water hydraulics. To make clear the merits of SAC, the tracking control performance and robustness are discussed based on experimental results. SAC is confirmed to give better tracking performance compared with PI control, and a control precision comparable to MRAC （within 10 μm of the reference position） and higher robustness to parameter change, despite the simple controller. The research results ensure a wider application of simple adaptive control in real mechanical systems.

关键词： water hydraulics servo cylinder system positioning control simple adaptive control

Development of a Mobile Sensing Unit and Its Prototype Implementation

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 223-227页

作者： Yusuke mizuno Yozo Fujino Keita Kataoka Yoshihiro Matsumoto Research Center for Environmental Safety Yamaguchi University Department of Civil Engineering The University of Tokyo Research and Development Center East Japan Railway Company Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc.

This paper represents a design and development of a mobile sensing unit as well as its prototype implementation for railway track monitoring. The unit consists of an ultra-small personal computer (PC), a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, an accelerometer and an ADC (Analog/Digital Converter) so that the unit can trace the route while capturing an acceleration response of a passenger vehicle. The unit enables more frequent and qualitative data acquisition compared with traditional and the state of the practice railway track inspection equipments. Locating disorder is the key of our unit, which has a reasonable accuracy of positioning with GPS data, existing facilities landmarks, and car acceleration responses. The proposed unit is a promising device for efficient properties management of railway agencies. The prototype implementation shows a result that car acceleration responses are related with the track displacements in low frequencies. The results also imply that sensor settlement on a vehicle floor, not axes or bogies, is effective for capturing track vertical displacements.

关键词： mobile sensing railway track monitoring instrumentation data acquisition passenger vehicle global positioning system (GPS)

The process of life adjustment in patients at onset of glioma who are receiving continuous oral anticancer drug: A qualitative descriptive study

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2019年第2期6卷 134-140页

作者： koji Amano Kumi Suzuki Faculty of Nursing Doshisha Women's College of Liberal ArtsKyotoJapan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical CollegeOsakaJapan

Objective: Patients with malignant gliomas have to adjust their daily lives because of the threat of impending death and declining ***,clarifying the process of life adjustment in such patients would help them lead a normal *** clarify the process of life adjustment in patients at the onset of glioma,who continuously receive oral anticancer ***: The study institution consisted of two designated cancer ***-structured interviews were conducted with 10 patients,and the data were analyzed using the Modified Grounded Theory Approach of Kinoshita (M-GTA).Results: As a core category representing the process of life adjustment in patients at the onset of glioma,"trials and errors for self-fulfillment even in a limited lifespan" was *** began "seeking information about the unfamiliar life-threatening disease," and "imaging their uncertain lives after the disease and the resulting disability" while "conducting repeated trials and errors to establish coping methods according to their abilities." When facing difficulties in such trials and errors,they reported "losing self-confidence due to unexpected limitations." However,they regulated their feelings by "resigning themselves to their unchangeable reality." Contrarily,as "functional improvement enhanced their motivation to recover," they attempted to promote functional recovery and organized their daily lives in "fulfilling their desires in their limited lifespan." Conclusion: The process of life adjustment in patients with malignant gliomas involved identifying a way of living despite limited *** ensure appropriate nursing care for patients at the onset of glioma,it is important to help them establish coping methods in accordance with their abilities.

关键词： Adjustment Life Malignant glioma Patients Qualitative study

Salvage brachytherapy for locally recurrent prostate cancer after external beam radiotherapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 899-903页

作者： Yasuhiro Yamada koji Okihara Tsuyoshi Iwata koji Masui Kazumi Kamoi Kei Yamada Tsuneharu Miki Department of Urology Kyoto Prefectural Universityof Medicine Kyoto Japan Department of Radiology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine KyotoJapan

External beam radiotherapy （EBRT） is a standard treatment for prostate cancer. Despite the development of novel radiotherapy techniques such as intensity-modulated conformal radiotherapy, the risk of local recurrence after EBRT has not been obviated. Various local treatment options （including salvage prostatectomy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, and high-intensity focused ultrasound [HIFU]） have been employed in cases of local recurrence after primary EBRT. Brachytherapy is the first-line treatment for low-risk and selected intermediate-risk prostate tumors. However, few studies have examined the use of brachytherapy to treat post-EBRT recurrent prostate cancer. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current state of our knowledge about the effects of salvage brachytherapy in patients who develop locally recurrent prostate cancer after primary EBRT. This article also introduces our novel permanent brachytherapy salvage method.

关键词： Salvage brachytherapy radiotherapy