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Real-world efficacy and safety of tofacitinib treatment in Asian patients with ulcerative colitis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1871-1886页

作者： Kentaro kojima Kenji watanabe Mikio Kawai Soichi Yagi koji Kaku Maiko Ikenouchi Toshiyuki Sato koji Kamikozuru Yoko Yokoyama Tetsuya Takagawa Masahito Shimizu Shinichiro Shinzaki Department of Gastroenterology Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiya 663-8501Japan Department of Gastroenterology Gifu University Graduate School of MedicineGifu 501-1194Japan Department of Internal Medicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease The University of ToyamaToyama 930-0194Japan Center for Clinical Research and Education Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiya 663-8501Japan

BACKGROUND Real-world data on tofacitinib(TOF)covering a period of more than 1 year for a sufficient number of Asian patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)are scarce.AIM To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of TOF treatment for UC,including clinical issues.METHODS We performed a retrospective single-center observational analysis of 111 UC patients administered TOF at Hyogo Medical University as a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease center.All consecutive UC patients who received TOF between May 2018 and February 2020 were enrolled.Patients were followed up until August 2020.The primary outcome was the clinical response rate at week 8.Secondary outcomes included clinical remission at week 8,cumulative persistence rate of TOF administration,colectomy-free survival,relapse after tapering of TOF and predictors of clinical response at week 8 and week 48.RESULTS The clinical response and remission rates were 66.3%and 50.5%at week 8,and 47.1%and 43.5%at week 48,respectively.The overall cumulative clinical remission rate was 61.7%at week 48 and history of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)agents use had no influence(P=0.25).The cumulative TOF persistence rate at week 48 was significantly lower in patients without clinical remission than in those with remission at week 8(30.9%vs 88.1%;P<0.001).Baseline partial Mayo Score was significantly lower in responders vs non-responders at week 8(odds ratio:0.61,95%confidence interval:0.45-0.82,P=0.001).Relapse occurred in 45.7%of patients after TOF tapering,and 85.7%of patients responded within 4 wk after re-increase.All 6 patients with herpes zoster(HZ)developed the infection after achieving remission by TOF.CONCLUSION TOF was more effective in UC patients with mild activity at baseline and its efficacy was not affected by previous treatment with anti-TNF-αagents.Most relapsed patients responded again after re-increase of TOF and nearly half relapsed after tapering off TOF.Special attention is needed for tapering and HZ.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Tofacitinib Janus kinase inhibitor Real-world Biologics

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Field induced Chern insulating states in twisted monolayer–bilayer graphene

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 69-73页

作者：王政文韩英卓 Kenji watanabe Takashi Taniguchi 姜宇航毛金海 School of Physical Science and CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukuba 305-0044Japan

Unraveling the mechanism underlying topological phases, notably the Chern insulators(Ch Is) in strong correlated systems at the microscopy scale, has captivated significant research interest. Nonetheless, Ch Is harboring topological information have not always manifested themselves, owing to the constraints imposed by displacement fields in certain experimental configurations. In this study, we employ density-tuned scanning tunneling microscopy(DT-STM) to investigate the Ch Is in twisted monolayer–bilayer graphene(t MBG). At zero magnetic field, we observe correlated metallic states.While under a magnetic field, a metal–insulator transition happens and an integer Ch I is formed emanating from the filling index s = 3 with a Chern number C = 1. Our results underscore the pivotal role of magnetic fields as a powerful probe for elucidating topological phases in twisted Van der Waals heterostructures.

关键词： Chern insulators strong correlation effects two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure density-tuned scanning tunneling microscopy(DT-STM)

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Dynamic Hand Gesture-Based Person Identification Using Leap Motion and Machine Learning Approaches

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1205-1222页

作者： Jungpil Shin Md.AlMehedi Hasan Md.Maniruzzaman Taiki watanabe Issei Jozume School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of AizuAizuwakamatsuFukushima965-8580Japan Department of Computer Science&Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering&TechnologyRajshahi6204Bangladesh

Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.

关键词： Person identification leap motion hand gesture random forest support vector machine

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Aging-induced memory loss due to decreased N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine, a melatonin metabolite, in the hippocampus:a potential prophylactic agent for dementia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期 1705-1706页

作者： Kazuki watanabe Atsuhiko Hattori Department of Immunobiology Institute of Development Aging and Cancer Tohoku University Department of Sport and Wellness College of Sport and Wellness Rikkyo University

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is known as the hormone of darkness because it is synthesized at night and involved in regulating the circadian clock.The hormone is primarily synthesized by the vertebrate pineal gland,but is ubiquitous among invertebrates,unicellular organisms,plants,and even cyanobacteria (Hattori and Suzuki,2024).Melatonin is well-conserved evolutionarily and possesses several physiological functions,such as immune response,bone and glucose metabolism,and memory formation besides regulating the circadian rhythm.

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Retrospective Survey on Mesiodens and Corresponding Odontoparallaxis in Japanese Children

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Health 2022年第9期14卷 939-948页

作者： koji watanabe Daigo Yoshiga Teppei Sago Masafumi Oda Izumi Yoshioka Seiji watanabe Yasuhiro Morimoto Division of Developmental Stomatognathic Function Science Department of Health Promotion Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Division of Oral Medicine Department of Physical Functions Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Division of Dental Anesthesiology Department of Physical Functions Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department of Physical Functions Kyushu Dental University Kitakyushu Japan

Supernumerary tooth in the upper central incisor region is called mesiodens. Mesiodens causes serious complications such as displacement, retarded eruption, and rotation in the adjacent permanent incisors, inducing inhibition of oral development. This report was aimed to provide epidemiology of mesiodens in Japanese children. Using dental record, panoramic radiographs and images of cone-beam computed tomography in 128 non-syndromic child patients, patients’ age at their first visit, gender composition, shape of mesiodens, position of mesiodens, posture of mesiodens, and age distribution of the patients based on each complication were investigated. In addition to the survey, patient age was compared between the groups with and without each complication. Patients’ age ranged 3 - 10 years old. Male-to-female ratio was approximately 3:1. Conical shape (75%) and inverted position (49%) were the most frequent among the patients. Displacement was the commonest complication. Age comparison indicated that patients with displacement or retarded eruption consulted the dentist younger than those without the complications. The present study provided etiology of mesiodens in Japanese children that will contribute to daily clinical practice in the field of pediatric dentistry.

关键词： Mesiodens Displacement Retarded Eruption Rotation

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A dwarf bamboo(Pleioblastus chino) and winter browsing by Japanese hare(Lepus brachyurus) combine to limit establishment of transplanted native tree seedlings in an abandoned agricultural field

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1287-1294页

作者： Yoshinori Tokuoka Kentaro Ohigashi koji watanabe Hiroshi Yamaguchi Takahiro Ara Nobukazu Nakagoshi Biodiversity Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES) Ecosystem Informatics Division NIAES Experimental Farm Management Division NIAES Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University

Natural forest recovery on abandoned farmland is hindered by a variety of factors and active restoration plays an important role when quick afforestation is desired. We investigated seedling survival of four transplanted native tree species （Quercus myrsinifolia, Quercus serrata, Aphananthe aspera, and Rhus sylvestris） by experimentally manipulating the vegetation cover, which was mainly dominated by dwarf bamboo （Pleioblastus chino）, and herbivore access to the planting sites on farmland that had been abandoned for 15 years at the start of the study. Few transplanted seedlings of any species survived under intact vegetation cover, irrespective of herbivore presence. In gaps in the vegetation cover, winter browsing by Japanese hare （Lepus brachyurus） damaged all species. However, lower browsing frequency and higher resprouting ability after grazing of the seedlings enabled both Quercus species to survive better than the other species. These results indicate that dwarf bamboo and the hare jointly limit the establishment of native trees in old fields. If active afforestation by transplanting seedlings at sites dominated by dwarf bamboo is planned, a combination of vegetation removal, selection of suitable species, and temporary seedling protection will be most effective.

关键词： Farmland abandonment Microsite limitation Monodominant dwarf bamboo Resprouting Seedling herbivory

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Removal of competitive native species combined with tree planting can accelerate the initial afforestation process: an experiment in an old field in Japan invaded by dwarf bamboo and kudzu

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 581-588页

作者： Yoshinori Tokuoka Kentaro Ohigashi koji watanabe Hiroshi Yamaguchi Takahiro Ara Nobukazu Nakagoshi Biodiversity Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 Kannondai TsukubaIbaraki 305-8604 Japan Ecosystem Informatics Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 Kannondai TsukubaIbaraki 305-8604 Japan Experimental Farm Management Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 KannondaiTsukuba Ibaraki 305-8604 Japan Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University 1-5-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8529 Japan

Restoring natural forests after field abandon- ment is a land management objective that fosters the re- covery of forest biodiversity. We performed seeding and transplanting of native tree species 40 years after the abandonment of an arable field that became dominated by a dwarf bamboo （Pleioblastus chino （Franch. et Sav.） Makino） and by kudzu （Pueraria lobata （Willd.） Ohwi）. By permutation tests, the removal of competing vegetation （gap creation） significantly increased the survival of three seeded species of Fagaceae and of eight transplanted spe- cies. In contrast, intact vegetation prevented most indi- viduals of all species from surviving for 1 year after planting. The lack of natural recruitment of Fagaceae in the nonseeded subplots indicated that seed limitation was a cause of the slow afforestation. Although litter accumula- tion in gaps at the time of seeding slightly increased sur- vival for late-germinating Quercus myrsinifolia Blume andCastanopsis sieboldii （Makino） Hatus. ex T. Yamaz. et Mashiba, the effect was not consistent among plots and was not statistically significant. Our results suggest that for successful afforestation using native trees in abandoned fields, it will be necessary to remove competitive native species to avoid severe limitations on microsite availability and that simultaneous tree establishment by seeding or transplanting should be implemented to accelerate the establishment of native tree species.

关键词： Farmland abandonment - Micrositelimitation Pleioblastus chino Pueraria lobata Treeseedling

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Interactions among dwarf bamboo, litter and consumption by small vertebrates place multiple constraints on the establishment of native tree seedlings in a Japanese agricultural landscape

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 292-305页

作者： Yoshinori Tokuoka Kentaro Ohigashi koji watanabe Hiroshi Yamaguchi Takahiro Ara Nobukazu Nakagoshi Division of Biodiversity Institute for Agro-Environmental SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization3-1-3KannondaiTsukuba-shiIbaraki 305-8604Japan Division of Informatics and Inventory Institute for Agro-Environmental SciencesNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization3-1-3KannondaiTsukuba-shiIbaraki 305-8604Japan Department of Planning and Coordination Tsukuba Technical Support CenterNational Agriculture and Food Research Organization3-1-3KannondaiTsukuba-shiIbaraki 305-8604Japan Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University1-5-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8529Japan

Aims Faunal assemblage alterations due to anthropogenic impacts have changed herbivore-vegetation relationships in various ecosystems,but the influences of small vertebrates on revegetation processes remain unclear.In a peri-urban agricultural landscape in eastern Japan that lacks large ungulates but supports small generalist herbivores,fewer native seedlings have become established in thickets dominated by native dwarf bamboo,Pleioblastus chino(Franch.et Sav.)Makino.The mechanisms limiting tree seedling establishment are unknown.Our aim here was to evaluate the influence of interactions among the dwarf bamboo,its litter cover and small vertebrate herbivores on the micro-site conditions governing the establishment of native tree seedlings from different successional stages in an old field in temperate Japan.Methods First,seedling emergence and survival of seeded Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zucc.,Celtis sinensis Pers.,Aphananthe aspera(Thunb.)Planch.,Quercus serrata Murray,Quercus myrsinifolia Blume and Castanopsis sieboldii(Makino)Hatus.ex T.Yamaz.et Mashiba were observed in a factorial design that accounted for the presence or absence of dwarf bamboo and its litter cover,as well as the exclu-sion or access of small vertebrate fauna,in 2009 and 2010.To identify small vertebrate herbivores that reduced the emergence or survival of tree seedlings in the first experiment,reseeding experi-ments using P.densiflora,C.sinensis,A.aspera and Q.myrsinifolia were conducted by video trapping in 2011 and video and still-cam-era trapping in 2012.Important Findings The abiotic conditions under the dwarf bamboo were lethal to early-to mid-successional P.densiflora,C.sinensis,A.aspera and Q.serrata but led to better survival-although spindly growth-of late-succes-sional Q.myrsinifolia and C.sieboldii.The main consumers and the plants they found palatable differed between the bamboo thickets and the intervening gaps.Predation by mice appeared to have severely limited the emergence of all species,particularly in the bamboo thick-et

关键词： bamboo cover farmland abandonment microsite limitation selective herbivory Pleioblastus chino

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Using Cross Entropy as a Performance Metric for Quantifying Uncertainty in DNN Image Classifiers: An Application to Classification of Lung Cancer on CT Images

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 1-12页

作者： Eri Matsuyama Masayuki Nishiki Noriyuki Takahashi Haruyuki watanabe Faculty of Informatics University of Fukuchiyama Kyoto Japan Graduate School of Radiological Sciences International University of Health and Welfare Tochigi Japan School of Health Sciences Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan School of Radiological Technology Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences Gunma Japan

Cross entropy is a measure in machine learning and deep learning that assesses the difference between predicted and actual probability distributions. In this study, we propose cross entropy as a performance evaluation metric for image classifier models and apply it to the CT image classification of lung cancer. A convolutional neural network is employed as the deep neural network (DNN) image classifier, with the residual network (ResNet) 50 chosen as the DNN archi-tecture. The image data used comprise a lung CT image set. Two classification models are built from datasets with varying amounts of data, and lung cancer is categorized into four classes using 10-fold cross-validation. Furthermore, we employ t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to visually explain the data distribution after classification. Experimental results demonstrate that cross en-tropy is a highly useful metric for evaluating the reliability of image classifier models. It is noted that for a more comprehensive evaluation of model perfor-mance, combining with other evaluation metrics is considered essential. .

关键词： Cross Entropy Performance Metrics DNN Image Classifiers Lung Cancer Prediction Uncertainty

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The Effect of Umami Stimulation on Salivary Secretion Rate and Duration

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 52-59页

作者： Eri Sambuichi Rumi Nishimura Shiho Morishita Shigeru watanabe Department of Oral Health Sciences School of Health Sciences Meikai University Urayasu Japan Department of Oral Epidemiology Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan

Purpose: Umami reportedly promotes salivation. We aimed to investigate the effects of taste stimuli on slow and fast salivary secretion in humans using umami, sweet, and sour stimuli. Methods: Eight healthy women participated between 14:00 and 15:00, taking the circadian rhythm of salivary secretion into account. The types and concentrations of the taste solutions were glutamic acid (1.7 × 10−3 M), inosinic acid (9.8 × 10−3 M), and guanylic acid (9.8 × 10−3 M) for umami stimulation, citric acid (6.5 × 10−3 M) for acidity stimulation, and sucrose (1.6 × 10−2 M) for sweetness stimulation. First, the unstimulated salivary flow rate was measured. Then, 3 ml of a flavor solution was dropped under the tongue using a syringe. The saliva was expelled into an aluminum cup every minute and weighed. The first minute’s value minus 3 ml flavor solution was the stimulated salivary secretion rate produced by each flavor. The time-to-return to the initial unstimulated salivary flow rate was the duration of the stimulated saliva secretion rate. Results: The mean unstimulated salivary flow rate across participants was 0.64 ± 0.25 ml/min (range: 0.23 - 1.03 ml/min). The highest amount of saliva was induced by citric acid. There were significant differences between citric acid and the other flavor solutions (p < 0.05 for glutamic acid, inosinic acid, and sucrose;p < 0.01 for guanylic acid). There were no significant differences in duration of salivation between the flavor solutions. When the participants were divided into slow (0.45 ± 0.16 ml/min) and fast groups (0.83 ± 0.15 ml/min) based on their median resting salivary secretion rate, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the amount of saliva secreted at 1 minute after stimulation and the duration of the salivary secretion rate. Conclusion: Umami stimulation was effective in slowing salivary secretion and sustaining salivary secretion after stimulation.

关键词： Salivary Secretion Umami Flavor Oral Health Stimulated Salivary Secretion

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