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Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among HIV Patients in the Era of HAART in Ivory Coast: A Cross Sectional, Analytical Study

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第1期13卷 20-30页

作者： Wognin Manzan Anastasie Gonan Yannick Kpan Kehi Jonathan koffi reine Abdul Khatibat Tia Weu Mélanie Bourhaima Ouattara Internal Medicine Teaching Hospital of Bouaké Alassane Ouattara University Bouaké Ivory Coast

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be common among HIV patients living in sub-saharan Africa due to the confluence of CKD risk factors and genetic predisposition. Preventive strategy through early detection and treatment has been advocated for CKD in Africa where majority of patients present late and cannot afford the cost of renal replacement therapy which is not widely available. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with CKD among HIV infected adults receiving HAART in a teaching hospital in Ivory Coast. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of HIV patients on Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy followed at the HIV clinic of the medical out-patient department of the University teaching hospital of Bouaké from January to December 2021. CKD was defined as a serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. The collected data was analyzed by using Epi Info 2002 software. Results: Four hundred and two HIV-infected adults 18 years and over were recruited during the study period. We noticed 123 (30.6%) males. The mean age was 40 years. CKD was observed in 42 (10.44) patients infected-HIV. Eighty eight point three percent of patients had CD4 more than 500 cells. Low eGFR correlated with age more than 60 years old, worker in public sector, unemployed, no formal education and HIV type 2. Conclusion: Our study identified a prevalence of CKD of 10.44% by CKD EPI equations among HIV patients on HAART that attended the teaching hospital of Bouaké in Ivory Coast. Early screening and follow up of renal functions is important to minimize the risk of developing end stage kidney disease.

关键词： HIV CKD Prevalence Africa

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Analysis and Control of the Vehicle Roll Dynamics Using Sum of Squares Polynomial Approach

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年

作者： IBEN AMMAR Imen DOUMIATI Moustapha TALJ reine CHOKOR Abbas MACHMOUM Mohamed ESEO-IREENA Institut de Recherche en énergie électrique de Nantes Atlantique IREENA UR 4642 37 Boulevard de l’Université-BP406 Sorbonne Universités Université de Technologie de Compiègne CNRS Institut de Recherche en énergie électrique de Nantes Atlantique IREENA UR 4642 37 Boulevard de l’Université-BP 406

The safety of vehicle travel relies on good stability performance, making vehicle motion control a vital technology in vehicles. This paper focuses on investigating the impact of roll control on vehicle performance, particularly in terms of avoiding rollover and ensuring lateral stability. By introducing a feedback roll moment, the roll motion can be effectively controlled. The paper considers two roll reference generators: A static one aimed at zero roll, and a dynamic one based on the vehicle's lateral acceleration. The static roll reference generator enhances stability by employing a fixed reference, particularly beneficial during routine driving conditions. In contrast, the dynamic roll reference generator continually adapts the roll angle reference in response to real-time vehicle dynamics and driving conditions. These proposed reference generators can be paired with varying suspension systems — Static reference could be achieved using semi-active suspensions, while the dynamic one is integrated into advanced active suspension systems, offering heightened adaptability and *** address the roll control objectives, this paper proposes a novel sum of squares(SOS) integral polynomial tracking control. The proposed controller satisfies control bounds and considers control constraints during the design phase. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme are evaluated through numerical simulations using a full vehicle nonlinear model in Matlab/Simulink. The results of these simulations are compared to super-twisting sliding mode and Lyapunov-based controllers.

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Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among HIV Patients in the Era of HAART in Ivory Coast: A Cross Sectional, Analytical Study

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Open Journal of Nephrology（肾脏病） 2023年第1期

作者： Wognin Manzan Anastasie Gonan Yannick Kpan Kehi Jonathan koffi reine Abdul Khatibat Tia Weu Mélanie Bourhaima Ouattara

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Quality of Life in Living Kidney Donors Grenoble Teaching Hospital (France)

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期14卷 313-323页

作者： Manzan Edwige Anastasie Wognin Abdoul Yannick Gonan Kéhi Jonathan Kpan Monlet Cyr Guei Konan Nguessan Michel Christ Ziahy reine Marie Tia Weu Melanie Bourhaïma Ouattara Lionel Rostaing Department of Internal Medicine Nephrology Hemodialysis Teaching Hospital of Bouak Bouak Ivory Coast Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Alassane Ouattara University Bouak Ivory Coast Nephrology Hemodialysis and Kidney Transplantation Department Yopougon Teaching Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Flix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine Teaching Hospital of Abidjan Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Nephrology Hemodialysis Apheresis and Renal Transplantation Grenoble Teaching Hospital Grenoble France

Context: Kidney transplantation is today the standard treatment for patients suffering from chronic end-stage renal failure. Living kidney donation offers many advantages for the recipient, but requires a subject without comorbidities to undergo surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life and psychosocial experience of living kidney donors after donation. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim, involving living kidney donors during the period from January 2016 to April 2019 at CHUGA. (University Hospital Center of Grenoble Alpes in France). Results: Our study shows that out of 88 donors, 70 responded to our questionnaires, representing a prevalence of 80.5%. The average age of our donors was 55.6 years with a female predominance. Seven out of eight domains of the SF36 score had a good quality of life after donation and the donation did not alter their psychosocial experience. The majority of our donors expressed their pride and enthusiasm, did not regret having saved a life, and this experience was considered positive. Conclusion: Kidney donation does not have a negative impact on quality of life and psychosocial life. The majority of donors do not regret their donation. The dissemination of such results could make it possible to increase the number of kidney transplants from living donors in France, especially in our African countries where the management of ESRD remains a real public health problem.

关键词： Quality of Life Kidney Donors Psychosocial Life

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Is Renewable Energy Policy in Cameroon Inclusive?

Is Renewable Energy Policy in Cameroon Inclusive?

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作者： MBENG Elisabeth reine Debora 西南大学

学位级别：硕士

由于可再生能源对环境的积极影响以及作为应对气候变化的工具,如今可再生能源正成为主要的能源来源,一些国家正在制定法律和政策利用可再生能源。在可再生能源方面,非洲国家可能不如欧洲国家先进,但我们可以看到可再生能源项目,尤其是... 详细信息

由于可再生能源对环境的积极影响以及作为应对气候变化的工具,如今可再生能源正成为主要的能源来源,一些国家正在制定法律和政策利用可再生能源。在可再生能源方面,非洲国家可能不如欧洲国家先进,但我们可以看到可再生能源项目,尤其是太阳能光伏和小水电项目取得了长足的进步。喀麦隆是愿意采用可再生能源项目并制定法律和政策以加快实施的撒哈拉以南非洲国家之一。喀麦隆的所有可再生能源项目主要遵循2011年12月14日第2011/022号电力部门的法律。但在2020年,我们看到了国家发展战略(NDS)30的实施,我们可以意识到可再生能源也上线了,可能没有预期的那么多,但至少这是一个迹象,喀麦隆政府(Go C)牢记可再生能源的重要性。在NDS-30中,可以看出可再生能源项目不仅涉及能源/电力部门,还涉及交通、健康等其他部门。因此,包括所有这些其他部门可以帮助促进经济、建设和促进为国家发展提供可持续的环境。我们的工作是突出喀麦隆不同部门的可再生能源项目,确定可再生能源政策是否具有足够的包容性以建立一个可持续发展的国家,或者所有实施的可再生能源项目是否都根据电力法进行。如今,可再生能源正在成为趋势,或者实际上是讨论能源和未来能源的主要话题,这是因为可再生能源在清洁电气化和应对气候变化方面发挥着重要作用。实施更多项目,如水力发电厂、太阳能发电厂、电动汽车甚至绿色城市,被视为通过改善健康、提供绿色就业机会以及更重要地教育人们了解可再生能源的优势和重要性来简化人们生活的手段。喀麦隆愿意通过可再生能源项目促进可再生能源,这就是我们决定专注于已经实施或未来实施的不同可再生能源项目的原因。我们针对几个行业,这些行业被视为国家发展的关键。不同的部门包括教育部门、农业、卫生甚至交通部门。在选定的不同部门中,我们决定提出喀麦隆政府在该特定部门实现可再生能源项目的目标,为什么它很重要以及该项目对整个国家的人口的影响。很容易注意到的是,大多数项目要么处于待命状态,要么即将到位。但同样重要的是要指出每个项目对社区和国家的积极影响。我们还必须展示能源效率所发挥的作用,因为重要的是要显着减少预计用电量,以应对当前和未来在匹配能源需求方面遇到的困难,同时不危及经济增长,同时继续促进电力供应和舒适度增加。我们的工作必须指出能源效率所起的作用,因此我们决定展示喀麦隆可以从有效使用能源中获得的潜在能源节约。我们确定了几个行业,如工业、第三产业、住宅甚至最终用户,而且我们认为展示可再生能源能源效率的宏观经济方面非常重要。这项工作还旨在展示如何标记相互关联的能源消耗和能源效率政策。在论文的最后一章介绍了其他一些非洲国家的能源现状和获取途径,以及非洲向可再生能源的转型在过去十年中取得了怎样的令人印象深刻的进展,许多非洲国家近年来正在努力提高可再生能源产能。总之,我们认为喀麦隆应该在其政策上开展更多工作,并通过按部门制定更多能源政策,而不仅仅是一个处理多个部门的政策框架。我们展示了GOC必须实施更多可再生能源项目的意愿,但我们觉得可以而且应该做更多的事情,但我们对取得的进展表示赞赏。此外,建议建立一个监管框架,允许发展可能促进向能源密集度较低的经济过渡的某些专业和活动。

关键词：可再生能源政策喀麦隆

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Straight and kinked InAs nanowire growth observed in situ by transmission electron microscopy

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Nano Research 2014年第8期7卷 1188-1194页

作者： Filip Lenrick Martin Ek Knut Deppert Lars Samuelson L. reine Wallenberg nCHREM/Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Lund University Lund 22100 Sweden Division of Solid State Physics Lund University Lund 22100 Sweden

Live observations of growing nanowires using in situ transmission electron microscopy （TEM） is becoming an increasingly important tool for understanding the dynamic processes occurring during nanowire growth. Here we present observations of growing InAs nanowires, which constitute the first reported in situ growth of a In-V compound in a transmission electron microscope. Real time observations of events taking place over longer growth lengths were possible due to the high growth rates of up to I nm/s that were achieved. Straight growth （mainly in 〈111〉B directions） was observed at uniform temperature and partial pressure while intentional fluctuations in these conditions caused the nanowires to form kinks and change growth direction. The mechanisms behind the kinking are discussed in detail. In situ observations of nanowire kinking has previously only been reported for nonpolar diamond structure type materials （such as Si）, but here we present results for a polar zinc blende structure （InAs）. In this study a closed cell with electron and X-ray transparent a-SiN windows was used in a conventional high resolution transmission electron microscope, enabling high resolution imaging and compositional analysis in between the growth periods.

关键词： environmental TEM nanowires in situ InAs group III-V kinking

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Compressively-strained GaSb nanowires with core-shell heterostructures

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2517-2524页

作者： Zhongyunshen Zhu Johannes Svensson Axel R.Persson reine Wallenberg Andrei V.Gromov Lars-Erik Wernersson Departm ent of Electrical and Information Technology Lund UniversityBox 11822100 LundSweden Centre for Analysis and Synthesis Lund UniversityBox 12422100 Lundt Sweden NanoLund Lund UniversityBox 11822100 LundSweden EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FJUK

GaSb-based nanowires in a gate-all-around geometry are good candidates for binary p-type transistors,however they require the introduction of compressive strain to enhance the transport ***,we for the first time demonstrate epitaxial GaSb-GaASxSb1-x core-shell nanowires with a compressively strained *** axial and hydrostatic strain in GaSb core have been measured by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman scattering,*** optimal sample,almost without plastic relaxation,has an axial strain of-0.88%and a hydrostatic strain of-1.46%,leading to a noticeable effect where the light hole band is calculated to be 33.4 meV above the heavy hole band at the *** valence band feature offers more light holes to contribute the transport process,and thus may provide enhanced hole mobility by reducing both the interband scattering and the hole effective *** results show that lattice-mismatched epitaxial core-shell heterostructures of high quality can also be realized in the promising yet demanding GaSb-based system.

关键词： compressive strain GaSb-GaAsxSbi-x core-shell nanowires heterostructure p-type transistors

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Factors Associated with Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in a Tertiary Hospital in Ivory Coast

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2022年第1期12卷 36-47页

作者： Weu M. Tia Abdoulaye Togo Manzan A. Wognin reine M. koffi Jonathan Kpan Bourhaima Ouattara Dame A. Gnionsahe Department of Internal Medicine University Teaching Hospital (CHU) of Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d'Ivoire Nephrology-Hemodialysis Department University Teaching Hospital (CHU) of Yopougon Abidjan C&ocirc te d'Ivoire

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are very frequent in pa-tients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and impose a new environment to which the heart must adapt. Cardiac ultrasound is a non-invasive and easy-to-perform examination that allows quantitative and qualitative assessment of the anatomy and function of the heart. The objectives of this study were to describe abnormalities observed on trans-thoracic Doppler-echocar-diography and to investigate the factors associated with them. Materials and Method: This was a monocentric retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in CKD patients hospitalized in a hospital center in Côte d'Ivoire from January 2017 to December 2018. Results: One hundred and four cases were collected with a mean age of 48.87 ± 14.47 years and a sex ratio of 1.7. Patients with end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD) represented 83.7% with 55.8% of cases of chronic glomerulonephritis. Cardiovascular risk factors were 100% anemia, 84.6% inflammatory profile, 77.9% hypertension, 76.9% hypocalcemia and in 67.3% oedema. Cardiac abnormalities were observed in 78.8% of patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), accounting for 20.2% of cases, was associated with male gender (OR 0.127 CI 0.025 - 0.643;p = 0.013) and hypertensive nephropathy (OR 0.189 CI 0.056 - 0.637;p = 0.007). History of hypertension (OR 0.297 CI 0.084 - 1.050;p = 0.060) and diabetes (OR 5.315 CI 1.260 - 22.419;p = 0.023), hypertensive nephropathy (OR 0.174 CI 0.052 - 0.585;p = 0.005) and hypocalcemia (OR 6.094 CI 1.723 - 21.559;p = 0.005) are incriminated in the development of left ventricular dilatation (LVD) which accounted for 38.5% of cases. Conclusion: Left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation are the main echocardiographic abnormalities observed in our population.

关键词： Chronic Renal Failure Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Ivory Coast

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Chlorogenic Acid Metabolism:The Evolution and Roles in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第2期91卷 239-255页

作者： Deka reine Judesse Soviguidi Rui Pan Yi Liu Liping Rao Wenying Zhang Xinsun Yang Engineering Research Centre of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland Ministry of EducationHubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain IndustryYangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China Hubei Sweetpotato Engineering and Technology Research Centre Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430064China

During the evolution,plants acquired the ability to synthesize different phenylpropanoid compounds like chlorogenic acid(CGA),which plays vital roles in resistance mechanisms to abiotic *** environmental factors,including heavy metal,cold,heat,ultraviolet(UV)light,drought,and salinity affect the plant physiological processes,resulting in massive losses of agriculture *** plants evolve from green algae to bryophytes,ferns,gymnosperms and angiosperms,phenylpropanoids are produced and accumulated in different tissues,giving the plant the capacity to counteract the harmful effects of the adverse *** have been performed on the metabolic evolution of rosmarinic acid,flavonoids and lignin,showing that the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids begins in green algae until the emersion of genes found in angiosperms;however,the evolution of the CGA pathway has not yet been *** hypothesize that CGA could also be synthesized from algae to *** the present review,the evolutionary analysis of CGA pathway and the function of this compound in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses are *** analyzes were carried out on CGA-related genes across 37 plant species and revealed that the metabolic pathway starts in algae and gradually increases until it becomes complete in *** key genes exhibited different expression patterns in stress and plant ***,some genes accumulated rapidly during evolution and were more sensitive to environmental stresses,while others appeared only later in *** studies are needed to better understand the evolution of the CGA metabolic pathway in plants under environmentally stressed conditions.

关键词： Chlorogenic acid biosynthesis evolution plant abiotic stress

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Patterns of Acute Kidney Injury in a Medical Emergency Department in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2022年第3期12卷 267-275页

作者： Weu Mélanie Tia Mélanie Anastasie Wognin Christ Zahe reine Marie koffi Nathanael Mey Kehi Jonathan Kpan Abdul Yannick Gonan Ouattara Bourhaima Department of Internal Medicine University Teaching Hospital of Bouaké University Alassane Ouattara of C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common in community and a serious outcome in hospital setting. Despite the progress of dialytic and non-dialytic therapeutic means, its mortality remains high. Our objective was to contribute to a better knowledge of how AKI managed in an emergency medical ward in an African country located in the southern part of the Sahara. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from January 1 to December 31, 2019, conducted at the emergency department of the University Teaching Hospital of Bouake, on cases of AKI. Results: During the study period, we collected 221 cases of AKI out of a total of 1778 files giving a prevalence of 12.4%. The mean age was 54 ± 19 years. A male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.4 was observed. The main past histories were hypertension in 40.4%, cardiac disease in 16.9%, and diabetes in 14.3%. The patients in were classified in 63.8% of cases as stage I, in 22.1% as stage II and in 14.1% as stage III according to the AKIN criteria. AKI was functional in 93.2% of cases. Hemodialysis was indicated in 15 (6.8%) patients, but only 3 (1.4%) underwent it. The mortality rate was 45.2%. Factors associated with mortality were: creatinine level greater than or equal to 30 mg/l, sepsis and impaired vigilance. Conclusion: Acute renal failure was frequent in subjects under 60 years old. Its mechanism of occurrence is functional and therefore it can be prevented by vascular filling. The majority of patients were seen at AKIN Stage I. The outcome was favorable in more than one third of the cases and the mortality rate remains high.

关键词： AKI African Setting High Mortality

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