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Biomimetics in Production Organization -A Literature Study and Framework

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2016年第2期13卷 200-212页

作者： kirsten Reisen Ulrich Teschemacher Michael Niehues Gunther Reinhart Institute for Machine Tools and Industrial Management Technische Universitat Miinchen ( TUM) Boltzmannstrafle 15 85748 Garch ing Germany

Biomimetics is an established field in research and industry. Current approaches focus on the use of biological principles in product development, while large potentials have also been identified for transferring organisational principles from nature to production organisation. This study gives a comprehensive overview of existing literature and illustrates that only fragmented research is being conducted at present. In order to enable systematic translation into methods that are available to practitioners, a framework is developed which allows the body of literature to be structured and potential fields not being researched at present to be identified. It also points out that some biological principles receive more attention in research approaches and practical implementation in production organisation than others. Furthermore, correlations between biological principles and principles in production are identified that there have already been successful translations of biomimetic approaches to production organisation. On the other hand, it suggests that there are numerous promising approaches only described in an initial paper that need further research before they can be implemented in practice.

关键词： biomimetics framework production organisation optimization

Professional Learning between Past Experience and Future Work

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Frontiers of Education in China 2010年第3期5卷 329-346页

作者： kirsten Weber Department of Psychology and Educational Studies Roskilde UniversityDK 4000 RoskildeDenmark

This paper deals with the professionalization of human service work. It analyses learning processes and identity development in the emerging profession of child care with concrete examples from empirical research, based on a life history approach. It discusses examples of careers mainly based on students’ life experience, pointing out that their immediate success in the workplace may inhibit an even better qualification they had been spurred to critical reflection. It further follows a sample of students through their theoretical education and trainee periods, illuminating their changing identification with and understanding of their future work, and their learning of professional knowledge and competences. The conclusion is that the new 3.5 year education in child care pedagogy clearly improves the professional competences of child care, but it also identifies a set of further specific challenges to be met for the development of real professional competences.

关键词： child care pedagogy profession work identity life experience workplace learning

The computerized LASSI-BC Test versus the Standard LASSI-L Paper-and-Pencil Version in Community-Based-Samples

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2024年第1期13卷 11-25页

作者： Rosie E. Curiel Cid Alexandra Ortega Ubbo Visser Marcela kitaigorodsky D. Diane Zheng Diana Hincapie kirsten Horne Crenshaw Ashleigh Beaulieu Brooke Bosworth Liz Gallardo Emory Neer Sofia Ramirez Elizabeth A. Crocco Mike Georgiou Efrosyni Sfakianaki David A. Loewenstein Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA Department of Computer Sciences University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale FL USA Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Miami FL USA

Proactive Semantic Interference (PSI) and failure to recover from PSI (frPSI), are novel constructs assessed by the LASSI-L. These measures are sensitive to cognitive changes in early Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and preclinical AD determined by Aβ load using PET. The goal of this study was to compare a new computerized version of the LASSI-L (LASSI-Brief Computerized) to the standard paper-and-pencil version of the test. In this study, we examined 110 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults and 79 with amnestic MCI (aMCI) who were administered the paper-and-pencil form of the LASSI-L. Their performance was compared with 62 CU older adults and 52 aMCI participants examined using the LASSI-BC. After adjustment for covariates (degree of initial learning, sex, education, and language of evaluation) both the standard and computerized versions distinguished between aMCI and CU participants. The performance of CU and aMCI groups using either form was relatively commensurate. Importantly, an optimal combination of Cued B2 recall and Cued B1 intrusions on the LASSI-BC yielded an area under the ROC curve of .927, a sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 88.1%, relative to an area under the ROC curve of .815, a sensitivity of 72.5%, and a specificity of 79.1% obtained for the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Overall, the LASSI-BC was comparable, and in some ways, superior to the paper-and-pencil LASSI-L. Advantages of the LASSI-BC include a more standardized administration, suitability for remote assessment, and an automated scoring mechanism that can be verified by a built-in audio recording of responses.

关键词： Mild Cognitive Impairment Proactive Semantic Interference LASSI-L Computerized Cognitive Assessment

Diabetes, its impact on peripheral nerve regeneration： lessons from pre-clinical rat models towards nerve repair and reconstruction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 65-66页

作者： kirsten Haastert-Talini Lars B. Dahlin Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover Germany Department of Translational Medicine-Hand Surgery Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Hand Surgery Skane University Hospital Malmo Sweden

The global number of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes is about to increase substantially in the coming decades. The reasons for this are two-fold, at first there is actual increase in incidence of type 1 diabetes and at second there is global increase in living expectancy and a high prevalence of patients with type 2 diabetes among the elderly. The diabetic condition is affiliated with reduced peripheral nervous system maintenance, such as peripheral neuropathies （Juster-Switlyk and Smith, 2016） that may be more common in men.

关键词： Diabetes length

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Carbon Dioxide and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Naturally Occurring Sulfate-Based Saline Soils at Different Moisture Contents

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 868-876页

作者： Resham THAPA Amitava CHATTERJEE Abbey WICk kirsten BUTCHER Department of Soil Sciences School of Natural Resources Management North Dakota State University

Soil salinization may negatively affect microbial processes related to carbon dioxide （CO2） and nitrous oxide （N20） emissions. A short-term laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of soil electrical conductivity （EC） and moisture content on CO2 and N20 emissions from sulfate-based natural saline soils. Three separate 100-m long transects were established along the salinity gradient on a salt-affected agricultural field at Mooreton, North Dakota, USA. Surface soils were collected from four equally spaced sampling positions within each transect, at the depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm. In the laboratory, artificial soil cores were formed combining soils from both the depths in each transect, and incubated at 60% and 90% water-filled pore space （WFPS） at 25 ~C. The measured depth-weighted EC of the saturated paste extract （ECe） across the sampling positions ranged from 0.43 to 4.65 dS m-1. Potential nitrogen （N） mineralization rate and CO2 emissions decreased with increasing soil ECe, but the relative decline in soil CO2 emissions with increasing ECe was smaller at 60% WFPS than at 90% WFPS. At 60% WFPS, soil N20 emissions decreased from 133 g N20-N kg-1 soil at ECe （ 0.50 dS m-1 to 72 μg N20-N kg-1 soil at ECe = 4.65 dS m-1. In contrast, at 90% WFPS, soil N20 emissions increased from 262 g N20-N kg-1 soil at ECe ： 0.81 dS m-1 to 849 g N20-N kg-1 soil at ECe ： 4.65 dS m-1, suggesting that N20 emissions were linked to both soil ECe and moisture content. Therefore, spatial variability in soil ECe and pattern of rainfall over the season need to be considered when up-scaling N20 and CO2 emissions from field to landscape scales.

关键词： electric conductivity C and N mineralization salinity sulfate salts soil salinization soil water-filled pore space

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Regulating Wnt signaling： a strategy to prevent neurodegeneration and induce regeneration

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第1期8卷 1-2页

作者： Guest Editors kirsten Harvey Bianca Marchetti Department of Pharmaco-logy UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College LondonLondon WCIN lAX UK Department of Clinical andMolecular Biomedicine Phar-macology Section MedicalSchool University of Catania95125 Catania Italy 0A51 Institute for Researchand Care on Mental Retarda-tion and Brain Aging (IRCCS) Neurapharmacology Section94018 Tmina Italy

During the past three decades, Wingtess/Int （Wnt）signaling has emerged as an essential regu{ator crucial for neuronal development and maintenance （Inestrosa and Arenas, 201_0）. In addition, Wnt signal- ing was recently shown to be involved in the regula- tion of synaptic function and plasticity, which is critical for learning and memory （Oliva et aL, 2013）. Deregulation of Wnt signaling has been proposed as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of neurode- generative disorders including Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. This increasing knowledge of the specific roles of Wnt signaling cascades during different stages of life has suggested innovative therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Wnt 神经元退行性病变信号神经退行性疾病阿尔茨海默氏病再生诱发

Reorganization of a Large UniversityAdministration, with Emphasis onPersonnel Development

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中外科技信息 2001年第11期 78-79页

作者： kirsten Mallossek Chancellor’s Consultant University of Cologne

The following is a description of the administrativereorganization project at the University of Cologne. Theadministration, which is divided into six departmentsand two administrative sections, employs about 500persons not including employees of the Medical Facili-ties of the University of Cologne. The University of Co-logne has 414 professors, 2,612 employees and almost63,000 students. It is a traditional university with sev-en faculties offering 120 courses of study in about 70

关键词： Co with Emphasis onPersonnel Development Reorganization of a Large UniversityAdministration

Modification of tubular chitosan-based peripheral nerve implants: applications for simple or more complex approaches

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1421-1431页

作者： Nina Dietzmeyer Maria F?rthmann Claudia Grothe kirsten Haastert-Talini Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology Hannover Medical School Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN) Hannover

Surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries is still a major challenge in human *** to now,none of the well-developed microsurgical treatment options is able to guarantee a complete restoration of nerve *** restriction is also effective for novel clinically approved artificial nerve *** this review,we compare surgical repair techniques primarily for digital nerve injuries reported with relatively high prevalence to be valuable attempts in clinical digital nerve repair and point out their advantages and *** furthermore discuss the use of artificial nerve grafts with a focus on chitosan-based nerve guides,for which our own studies contributed to their approval for clinical *** the second part of this review,very recent future perspectives for the enhancement of tubular(commonly hollow)nerve guides are discussed in terms of their clinical translatability and ability to form three-dimensional constructs that biomimick the natural nerve *** includes materials that have already shown their beneficial potential in in vivo studies like fibrous intraluminal guidance structures,hydrogels,growth factors,and approaches of cell ***,we highlight upcoming future perspectives comprising co-application of stem cell *** our overview,we conclude that already simple attempts are highly effective to increase the regeneration supporting properties of nerve guides in experimental *** for bringing nerve repair with bioartificial nerve grafts to the next level,*** of defects>3 cm in human patients,more complex intraluminal guidance structures such as innovatively manufactured hydrogels and likely supplementation of stem cells or their secretome for therapeutic purposes may represent promising future perspectives.

关键词： bioartificial nerve graft biological nerve graft cell transplantation cellular products luminal structures peripheral nerve repair

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Reduction of ischemia reperfusion injury after liver resection and hepatic inflow occlusion by α-lipoic acid in humans

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第42期12卷 6812-6817页

作者： Fritz Dünschede kirsten Erbes Achim kircher Stefanie Westermann Joachim Seifert Arno Schad kempski Oliver Alexandra k kiemer Junginger Theodor Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University hospital Mainz Germany Institute for Pathology University hospital Mainz Germany Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology University hospital Mainz Germany Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Biology Saarland University Germany

AIM： To evaluate the protective effects of preconditioning by α-lipoic acid （LA） in patients undergoing hepatic resection under inflow occlusion of the liver. METHODS： Twenty-four patients undergoing liver resection for various reasons either received 600 mg LA or NaCI 15 min before transection performed under inflow occlusion of the liver. Blood samples and liver wedge biopsy samples were obtained after opening of the abdomen immediately after inflow occlusion of the liver, and 30 min after the end of inflow occlusion of the liver. RESULTS： Serum levels of aspartate transferase and alanine transferase were reduced at all time points in patients who received LA in comparison to those who received NaCL. This was accompanied by reduced histomorphological features of oncosis. We observed TUNEL-positive hepatocytes in the livers of the untreated patients, especially after 30 min of ischemia. LA attenuated this increase of TUNEL-positive hepatocytes. Under preconditioning with LA, ATP content was significantly enhanced after 30 min of ischemia and after 30 min of reperfusion. CONCLUSION： This is the first report on the potential for LA reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury （IRI） of the liver in humans who were undergoing liver surgery. Beside its simple and rapid application, side effects did not occur. LA might therefore represent a new strategy against hepatic IRI in humans.

关键词： Liver ischemia Pringle manoeuvre Pharmacological pre-treatment Liver preconditioning Apoptosis Adenosine triphosphate