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Neonatal colon perforation due to anorectal malformations: Can it be avoided?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第25期19卷 3915-3917页

作者： Wei-Dong Tong kirk a ludwig Gastric and Colorectal Division Department of Surgery Daping Hospital Third Military Medical University Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin

Anorectal malformations (ARM) are common anomalies in neonates. Diagnostic and therapeutic delays in the management of ARM may lead to colonic perforation, and even death. Physical examination of the perineum is often sufficient to diagnose ARM in neonates. Notwithstanding, delayed diagnosis of ARM has become increasingly familiar to surgeons, as evidenced by the number of recent publications on this topic in the literature. In this commentary, we discuss spontaneous colonic perforation due to delayed diagnosis of ARM in neonates, and highlight the importance of early diagnosis in assuring good outcomes with surgical management. At this point, a thorough examination of the perineum during the initial newborn assessment is mandatory, particularly in those patients presenting with abdominal signs or symptoms.

关键词： Anorectal malformation Imperforate anus Bowel perforation Colon

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Effects of ghrelin on interdigestive contractions of the rat gastrointestinal tract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6299-6302页

作者： Hiroshi Taniguchi Hajime Ariga kirk ludwig Toku Takahashi Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki VA Medical Center MilwaukeeWisconsin

Ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions of the stom- ach in rats. However, it remains unknown whether ghrelin causes interdigestive contractions in the small intestine. Four strain gauge transducers were implanted on the antrum, duodenum, proximal and distal jejunum. After an overnight fast, gastrointestinal （GI） contrac- tions were recorded in freely moving conscious rats. Spontaneous phase m-like contractions were observed at every 13-16 min in rat GI tract. The fasted motor patterns were replaced by the fed motor pattern imme- diately after food intake. Two minutes after finishing the spontaneous phase Ill-like contractions in the antrum, acyl ghrelin （0.8, 2.4 and 8.0 μg/kg per min） was con- tinuously infused for 30 min. Three-five minutes after the starting ghrelin infusion, augmented phase Ⅲ-like contractions were observed at the antrum, duodenum, and jejunum. Ghrelin infusion （0.8, 2.4 and 8.0μg/kg per min） significantly increased motility index of phase Ⅲ-like contractions at the antrum and jejunum in a dose dependent manner, compared to that of saline in- jection. Thus, it is likely that exogenously administered ghrelin causes phase Ⅲ-like contraction at the antrum, which migrates to the duodenum and jejunum. The possible role of 5-HT, in addition to ghrelin, in mediating intestinal migrating motor complex （MMC）, is discussed.

关键词： Phase Ⅲ-like contractions Strain gage transducers Motility index

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Upregulation of gastric ghrelin expression is involved in the adaptation mechanism against chronic stress in rats

Upregulation of gastric ghrelin expression is involved in th...

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中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： Reji Babygirija kirk ludwig Toku Takahashi Department of Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin

＜正＞Background:In our daily life,individuals encounter with various types of stress（chronic stress）, which often causes gastrointestinal（GI） symptoms and functional *** some can adapt toward chronic stress,the adaptation mechanism against chronic stress remains *** the effects of chronic stress on gastric motility still remain ***:We investigated the effects of acute（single stress） and chronic stress （repeated restraint stress） on solid gastric emptying and interdigestive gastroduodenal contractions in *** mRNA expression in hypothalamus were studied by real-time PCR following chronic *** evaluate the effects of chronic stress on HPA axis,plasma corticosterone levels were *** investigate whether the sensitivity to central CRF is altered following chronic stress,CRF was administered intracisternally（ic）.The changes in plasma active ghrelin levels and mRNA expression in stomach were studied following chronic ***: Delayed gastric emptying observed in acute stress was completely restored following chronic stress,the restored gastric emptying was antagonized by the administration of ghrelin receptor *** stress abolished gastric phaseⅢ-like contractions in the interdigestive *** gastric phaseⅢ-like contractions were also restored following chronic *** plasma levels and mRNA expression were also significantly increased. Ic-injection of CRF delayed gastric emptying and impaired interdigestive gastric motility in rats those received chronic *** CRF mRNA expression in the hypothalamus in response to acute stress was significantly reduced following chronic ***,increased plasma corticosterone concentrations in response to acute stress were no more ***:It is suggested that the adaptation mechanism against chronic stress may involve upregulation of gastric ghrelin expression and attenuation of HPA *** contrast,the sensitivity to central CRF

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Cell:新分子或可有效清除肝脏和血液中的脂肪

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第4期17卷 I0004-I0004页

作者： Brian Finan Christoffer Clemmensen Zhimeng Zhu Kerstin Stemmer Karine Gauthier Luisa M uuml ller Meri De Angelis Kristin Moreth Frauke Neff Diego Perez-Tilve Katrin Fischer Dominik Lutter Miguel A. S aacute nchez-Garrido Peng Liu Jan Tuckermann Mohsen Malehmir Marc E. Healy Achim Weber Mathias Heikenwalder Martin Jastroch Maximilian Kleinert Sigrid Jall Sara Brandt Fr eacute d eacute ric Flamant Karl-Werner Schramm Heike Biebermann Yvonne D ouml ring Christian Weber kirk M. Habegger Michaela Keuper Vasily Gelfanov Fa Liu Josef K ouml hrle Jan Rozman Helmut Fuchs Valerie Gailus-Durner Martin Hrabě de Angelis Susanna M. Hofmann Bin Yang Matthias H. Tsch ouml p Richard DiMarchi Timo D. M uuml ller Institute for Diabetes and Obesity Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) 85764 Neuherberg Germany Department of Chemistry Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon Université de Lyon Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) École Normale Supérieure de Lyon 69364 Lyon France Molecular EXposomics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) 85764 Neuherberg Germany German Mouse Clinic Institute of Experimental Genetics Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health 85764 Neuherberg Germany Division of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine Metabolic Diseases Institute University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati OH 45237 USA Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology University of Ulm 89081 Ulm Germany Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology University Zurich and University Hospital Zurich 8091 Zurich Switzerland Institute of Virology Technische Universität München 81675 Munich Germany Institute of Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 13353 Germany Department of Medicine Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 80336 Munich Germany Comprehensive Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine-Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) Neuherberg 85764 Germany Calibrium LLC Carmel IN 46032 USA Institute for Experimental Endocrinology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 13353 Germany German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) 85764 Neuherberg Germany

肥胖和糖尿病持续上升代表着我们的社会所面临的一个重大的负担。脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化是这些代谢疾病常见的后果，但是开发一种高效且又安全的能够逆转肥胖、胰岛素抵抗性、脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化的药物仍然是全球头等的一项重大的科学... 详细信息

肥胖和糖尿病持续上升代表着我们的社会所面临的一个重大的负担。脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化是这些代谢疾病常见的后果，但是开发一种高效且又安全的能够逆转肥胖、胰岛素抵抗性、脂肪肝和动脉粥样硬化的药物仍然是全球头等的一项重大的科学挑战。

关键词：脂肪肝 Cell 动脉粥样硬化血液肝脏清除分子代谢疾病

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