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Genome and clonal hematopoiesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration spaceflight

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey kirill grigorev Krista A.Ryon Marissa Burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney Caleb M.Schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant Remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox Christopher Chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus Chan Carlos Cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci Conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian C.Schmidt Michael A.Schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare Semyon Kruglyak Shawn Levy Min Yu Duane C.Hassane Susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus Christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Space Exploration Technologies Corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Human Performance Group BoulderCO 80302USA Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of Systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Cell and Molecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative PCR,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genomic stability and immune adaptations.A robust bioinformatic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential(CHIP)or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene expression changes across immune cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environment persisting months *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early development of CHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenomenon as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future commercial and non-commercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematopoiesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes spaceflight

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Libration-Generated Average Convection in a Rotating Flat Layer with Horizontal Axis

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第10期20卷 2235-2249页

作者： kirill Rysin Laboratory of Vibrational Hydromechanics Perm State Humanitarian Pedagogical UniversityPerm614990Russia

The study of average convection in a rotating cavity subjected to modulated rotation is an interesting area for the development of both fundamental and applied *** phenomenon finds application in the field of mass transfer and fluid flow control,relevant examples being crystal growth under reduced gravity and fluid mixing in microfluidic devices for cell *** this study,the averaged flow generated by the oscillating motion of a fluid in a planar layer rotating about a horizontal axis is experimentally *** boundaries of the layer are maintained at constant temperatures,while the lateral cylindrical wall is thermally *** is demonstrated that libration results in intense oscillatory fluid motion,which in turn produces a time-averaged *** the first time,quantitative measures for the instantaneous velocity field are obtained using the Particle Image Velocimetry *** is revealed that the flow has the form of counter-rotating *** vortex circulations sense changes during a libration *** increase in the rotation rate and amplitude of the cavity libration results in an increase in the flow *** heat transfer and time-averaged velocity are examined accordingly as a function of the dimensionless oscillation frequency,and resonant excitation of heat transfer and average oscillation velocity are *** threshold curve for the onset of the averaged convection is identified in the plane of control parameters(dimensionless rotational velocity and pulsation Reynolds number).It is found that an increase in the dimensionless rotational velocity has a stabilizing effect on the onset of convection.

关键词： Rotation libration oscillations mass transfer stability averaged convection

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Architecture of Graphics System with 3D Acceleration Support for Embedded Operating Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 863-873页

作者： Alexander Giatsintov kirill Mamrosenko Pavel Bazhenov Center of Visualization and Sattelite Information Technologies Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences(SRISA RAS)Moscow 117218Russia

An increasing number of tasks now require the use of hardware accelerators to reduce the time required for computation and display the computational *** paper presents a new graphics system architecture for operating systems(OSs)with microkernel architecture,including real-time *** proposed system architecture provides capabilities for displaying graphical images on various information display devices and for accelerating graphical operations on *** architecture of the graphics system uses a concept of allocators to manage system and video memory,provides an abstraction of memory operations with a single interface for video memory management,and simplifies memory handling where incorrect operation is the cause of many failures.A comparison between the performance of a real-time OS and Linux OS implementing the graphics system using the example of a glmark2 benchmark is presented,thereby the superiority of the proposed architecture in several scenarios is demonstrated.

关键词： real-time operating system(RTOS) graphics system rendering system architecture operatingsystem visualization system programming

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Phase Transition in a Dense Swarm of Self-Propelled Bots

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第8期20卷 1785-1798页

作者： Dmitry Bratsun kirill Kostarev Applied Physics Department Perm National Research Polytechnic UniversityPerm614990Russia

Swarms of self-organizing bots are becoming important elements in various technical systems,which include the control of bacterial cyborgs in biomedical applications,technologies for creating new metamaterials with internal structure,self-assembly processes of complex supramolecular structures in disordered media,*** this work,we theoretically study the effect of sudden fluidization of a dense group of bots,each of which is a source of heat and follows a simple algorithm to move in the direction of the gradient of the global temperature *** show that,under certain conditions,an aggregate of self-propelled bots can fluidize,which leads to a second-order phase *** bots’program,which forces them to search for the temperature field maximum,acts as an effective buoyancy *** a consequence,one can observe a sudden macroscopic circulation of bots from the edge of the group to its center and back again,which resembles classical Rayleigh-Benard thermal *** the continuum approximation,we have developed a mathematical model of the phenomenon,which reduces to the equation of a self-gravitating porous disk saturated with an incompressible fluid that generates *** derive governing equations in the Darcy-Boussinesq approximation and formulate a nonlinear boundary value *** exact solution to the linearized problem for infinitesimal perturbations of the base state is obtained,and the critical values of the control parameter for the onset of the bot circulation are *** we apply weakly nonlinear analysis using the method of multiple time *** found that as the number of bots increases,the swarm exhibits increasingly complex patterns of circulation.

关键词： Active matter collective behavior self-organization convection

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Gut microbial regulation of innate and adaptive immunity after traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 272-276页

作者： Marta Celorrio kirill Shumilov Stuart H.Friess Department of Pediatrics Washington University in St.Louis School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Acute care management of traumatic brain injury is focused on the prevention and reduction of secondary insults such as hypotension,hypoxia,intracranial hypertension,and detrimental ***,the imperative to balance multiple clinical concerns simultaneously often results in therapeutic strategies targeted to address one clinical concern causing unintended effects in other remote organ *** the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain has been shown to influence both the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract homeostasis in health and disease.A critical component of this axis is the microorganisms of the gut known as the gut *** in gut microbial populations in the setting of central nervous system disease,including traumatic brain injury,have been reported in both humans and experimental animal models and can be further disrupted by off-target effects of patient *** this review article,we will explore the important role gut microbial populations play in regulating brain-resident and peripheral immune cell responses after traumatic brain *** will discuss the role of bacterial metabolites in gut microbial regulation of neuroinflammation and their potential as an avenue for therapeutic intervention in the setting of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： gut microbiome gut microbiota gut-brain axis macrophage microglia monocyte neuroinflammation short-chain fatty acids T cell traumatic brain injury

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Early Neoproterozoic Granite-Gneisses of the Junggar Alataw(Southeastern Kazakhstan):Age,Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 67-82页

作者： Nadezhda KANYGINA Andrey TRETYAKOV Dmitriy ALEXEIEV kirill DEGTYAREV Anfisa SKOBLENKO Natalia SOLOSHENKO Boris ERMOLAEV Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia A.N.Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesYekaterinburg 620016Russia

The combined petrographic,petrological,geochemical and geochronological study of the Neoproterozoic gneisses of the Sarychabyn and Baskan complexes of the Junggar Alataw of South Kazakhstan elucidate the Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Aktau–Yili *** is one of the largest Precambrian crustal blocks in the western Central Asian orogenic *** U-Pb single-grain zircon ages indicate that granite-gneisses formed from the same source and crystallised in the early Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 *** chemical composition of gneisses corresponds to A2-type *** whole-rock Nd isotopic characteristics(εNd(t)=−4.9 to−1.0 and TNd(DM-2st)=1.9 to 1.7 Ga)indicate the involvement of Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks in magma *** Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 Ma A-type granitoids in the Aktau–Yili terrane of South and Central Kazakhstan might reflect within-plate magmatism adjacent to the collisional belt or a local extension setting in back-arc areas of the continental arc.

关键词： granitoid magmatism geochemistry geochronology Sm-Nd isotope systematics Neoproterozoic Junggar Alataw Kazakhstan Central Asian orogenic belt

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Flexible bronchoscopy for foreign body aspiration in children:A single-centre experience

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 127-134页

作者： Aleh Sautin Kirjl Marakhouski Aleh Pataleta kirill Sanfirau Diagnostic Division Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Paediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus

BACKGROUND The technological evolution of bronchoscopy has led to the widespread adoption of flexible techniques and their use for both diagnostic and therapeutic ***,there is an active debate regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of rigid vs flexible bronchoscopy in the treatment of foreign body *** To evaluate our experience with tracheobronchial foreign body extraction using flexible bronchoscopy and provide a literature *** This was a single-centre retrospective ***-four patients were enrolled between January 2017 and January *** records of patients aged below 18 years who were admitted to authors’affiliated institution with a suspected diagnosis of foreign body aspiration were collected from hospital’s database to Microsoft Excel *** were analysed using MedCalc Statistical *** Patient ages varied from 9 months to 11 *** median age was 23.5 months,95%confidence interval(CI)*** observed age clustering in children with foreign body aspiration at our institution with three age subgroups:(1)0-25 months;(2)40-60 months;and(3)120-140 *** expectancy of an organic tracheobronchial foreign body was significantly higher in 0-25 months subgroup than that in older ones when subgroups 40-60 and 120-140 months were combined together(odds ratio=10.0,95%CI:1.44-29.26,P=0.0197).Successful foreign body extraction was performed in all *** to a rigid bronchoscope was not required in any of the *** major complications(massive bleeding,tracheobronchial tree perforation,or asphyxia)were *** Flexible bronchoscopy is an effective and safe method for tracheobronchial foreign body extraction in children.

关键词： Foreign body aspiration Tracheobronchial foreign body Paediatric bronchoscopy Flexible bronchoscopy Rigid bronchoscopy

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Resonantly enhanced second-and third-harmonic generation in dielectric nonlinear metasurfaces

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第5期7卷 5-19页

作者： Ji Tong Wang Pavel Tonkaev kirill Koshelev Fangxing Lai Sergey Kruk Qinghai Song Yuri Kivshar Nicolae C.Panoiu Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Nonlinear Physics Center Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberra ACT 2601Australia Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic SystemsHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Wuzhen Laboratory EGO Wuzhen Digital Economy Industrial ParkNo.925 Daole RoadTongxiangChina

Nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces provide a promising approach to control and manipulate frequency conversion optical processes at the nanoscale,thus facilitating both advances in fundamental research and the development of new practical applications in photonics,lasing,and ***,we employ symmetry-broken metasurfaces made of centrosymmetric amorphous silicon for resonantly enhanced second-and third-order nonlinear optical *** the rich physics of optical quasi-bound states in the continuum and guided mode resonances,we comprehensively study through rigorous numerical calculations the relative contribution of surface and bulk effects to second-harmonic generation(SHG)and the bulk contribution to third-harmonic generation(THG) from the ***,we experimentally achieve optical resonances with high quality factors,which greatly boosts light-matter interaction,resulting in about 550 times SHG enhancement and nearly 5000-fold increase of THG.A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements is *** gain deeper insights into the physics of the investigated nonlinear optical processes,we further numerically study the relation between nonlinear emission and the structural asymmetry of the metasurface and reveal that the generated harmonic signals arising from linear sharp resonances are highly dependent on the asymmetry of the *** work suggests a fruitful strategy to enhance the harmonic generation and effectively control different orders of harmonics in all-dielectric metasurfaces,enabling the development of efficient active photonic nanodevices.

关键词： second-harmonic generation third-harmonic generation bound state in the continuum guided mode resonance all-dielectric metasurfaces nonlinear optics

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Anomalies in the short-range local environment and atomic diffusion in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi highentropy alloy

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5336-5348页

作者： Alevtina Smekhova Daniel Gaertner Alexei Kuzmin Ana Guilherme Buzanich Goetz Schuck Ivo Zizak Gerhard Wilde kirill V.Yusenko Sergiy Divinski Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie(HZB) D-12489 BerlinGermany Institute of Materials Physics University of MünsterD-48149 MünsterGermany Institute of Solid State Physics University of LatviaLV-1063 RigaLatvia Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und–prüfung(BAM) D-12489 BerlinGermany

Multi-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS)spectroscopy combined with reverse Monte Carlo(RMC)simulations was used to probe the details of element-specific local coordinations and component-dependent structure relaxations in single crystalline equiatomic CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy as a function of the annealing *** representative states,namely a high-temperature state,created by annealing at 1373 K,and a low-temperature state,produced by long-term annealing at 993 K,were compared in *** features identified in atomic configurations of particular principal components indicate variations in the local environment distortions connected to different degrees of compositional disorder at the chosen representative *** detected changes provide new atomistic insights and correlate with the existence of kinks previously observed in the Arrhenius dependencies of component diffusion rates in the CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

关键词： high-entropy alloys diffusion short-range order extended X-ray absorption fine structure(EXAFS) reverse Monte Carlo

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Balloon dilation of congenital perforated duodenal web in newborns: Evaluation of short and long-term results

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 343-349页

作者： kirill Marakhouski Elena Malyshka Katsiaryna Nikalayeva Larysa Valiok Aleh Pataleta Kiryl Sanfirau Aliaksandr Svirsky Vasily Averin Division of Diagnostic Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Paediatric SurgeryMinsk 220113Belarus Department of Newborn Surgery Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Department of Pediatric Surgery Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Division of Diagnostic Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Academic Chair of Pediatric Surgery Belarusian State Medical UniversityMinsk 220116Belarus

BACKGROUND Incomplete congenital duodenal obstruction(ICDO)is caused by a congenitally perforated duodenal web(CPDW).Currently,only six cases of balloon dilatation of the PDW in newborns have been *** To present our experience of balloon dilatation of a perforated duodenal memb-rane in newborns with *** Five newborns who underwent balloon dilatation of the CPDW along a prein-stalled guidewire between 2021 and 2023 were *** newborns diagnosed with ICDO who underwent laparotomy were included in the control *** In all cases,good anatomical and clinical results were *** three cases,a follow-up study was conducted after 1 *** average time to start enteral feeding per os was significantly earlier in the study group(4.4 d)than in the laparotomic group(21.2 days;P<0.0001).The time spent by patients in the intensive care unit and hospital after balloon dilatation was also significantly *** determined the selection criteria for possible and effective CPDW balloon dilatation in newborns as follows:(1)Presence of dynamic radiographic signs of the passage of a radiopaque substance beyond the zone of narrowing or radiographic signs of pneumatisation of the duodenum and small bowel distal to the web;(2)presence of endoscopic signs of CPDW;(3)successful cannulation with a guidewire performed parallel to the endoscope,with holes in the congenital duodenal web;and(4)successful positioning of the balloon performed along a freestanding guidewire on the *** Strictly following selection criteria for newborns with ICDO caused by CPDW ensures that endoscopic balloon dilatation using a pre-installed guidewire is safe and effective and shows good 1-year follow-up results.

关键词： Newborns Congenital duodenal obstruction Perforated duodenal membrane Endoscopy Balloon dilation

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