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2007中国钢铁年会

作者： Klaus Weinzierl Rainer Burger Otto schmid Siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies Dr.-Ing. Siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies Siemens AG Industrial Solutions ＆ ServicesErlangen Metals Technologies

＜正＞The successes of new materials are accompanied by an increase in the requirements that are placed on the classical material,*** is not only automotive companies that expect to gain an advantage from thinner but still very strong types of steel sheeting which makes their vehicles more efficient and more environmentally compatible;other branches of industry can also profit from strength-relevant load-bearing structures and energy-absorbing components made of dual-phase,multiphase or high-strength steels such as DP,TWIX and *** automation systems have an important influence in stable production of these materials in constant high and reproducible *** the control of the sequences and physical actuators in a hot strip mill,the permanent evolution of process models and technological control is crucial for a leading edge plant,In addition to the alloying elements,the cooling section is decisive for the properties of these *** and highly flexible control of the cooling process in the cooling section is therefore extremely ***,however,all models involving purely phenomenological determination of the transformation process have displayed weaknesses in respect of exact calculation of the temperature curve and especially the online control of the temporal temperature *** I＆S has now developed a new cooling section control system that uses the so-called Gibbs’ free enthatpy to calculate the steel transformation very precisely on the basis of a thermo dynamical *** means of a model-predictive control functions,the stipulated time curve of the temperature change in the cooling section is optimally adhered to for the whole steel strip within the limits of the plant in *** mills limited by valve and/or water flow mechanical layout,the construction of modem laminar cooling section has developed and created new arrangements and new types of headers to suit this new requirements in a way that new plants a

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Sodium Control in Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells on Transparent Back Contact for Efficiencies beyond 12%

Sodium Control in Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells on Tran...

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2021全国太阳能电池材料器件与技术大会

作者：殷官超李勇 Martina schmid 武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院 Department of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen & CENIDE

Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGSe) solar cells on transparent conductive oxide(TCO) back contacts combine advantages of ultrathin cells for reducing material consumption of rare indium and gallium and TCO-transparency benefited applications in tandems, bifacial configurations etc. However, their efficiencies have been restrained and the back barrier potential is a primary reason from an electrical perspective. In this work, we explore the effects of Na doping on the performance of ultrathin CIGSe solar cells on ITO(Sn:In2 O3)-coated Na-free glass substrates. Na doping not only enhances open circuit-voltage(Voc) by increasing the doping level, but also fill factor(FF) by switching the Schottky contact to an Ohmic contact at the CIGSe/ITO interface, which we propose is due to the increased recombination at the back interface. The optimum performance is achieved at a NaF dose of 2 mg with a top efficiency of 12.9%, which exhibits an enhancement by nearly 48% relative compared to the references without Na doping. To our best knowledge, this is the highest efficiency achieved for ultrathin(< 500 nm absorber thickness) cells on TCO without antireflection layer or back reflector. Therefore, the current results show that sodium control offers a solid basis for the development of ultrathin CIGSe on TCO in above-mentioned promising applications.

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Impact of tree diversity and environmental conditions on the survival of shrub species in a forest biodiversity experiment in subtropical China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 179-189页

作者： Bo Yang Ying Li Bingyang Ding Sabine Both Alexandra Erfmeier Werner Härdtle Keping Ma Bernhard schmid Thomas Scholten Gunnar Seidler Goddert von Oheimb Xuefei Yang Helge Bruelheide Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106120 HalleGermany Key Laboratory of Speciality Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province Jingdezhen University838 Cidu AvenueJingdezhenJiangxi 333000China Faculty of Sustainability Institute of EcologyLeuphana University LüneburgScharnhorststr 121335 LüneburgGermany College of Life and Environmental Sciences Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouZhejiang 325035China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen23 St Machar DriveAberdeen AB243UUUK Institute for Ecosystem Research GeobotanyKiel UniversityOlshausenstr 7524118 KielGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstr 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Department of Geosciences Chair of Soil Science and GeomorphologyEberhard Karls University TübingenRümelinstraße19-23D-72070 TübingenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Institute of General Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPienner Straße 701737 TharandtGermany Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of BotanyCAS KunmingKunming 650201China

Aims Although shrubs are an important component of forests,their role has not yet been considered in forest biodiversity *** the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment with subtropical tree species in south-east China(BEF-China),we factorially combined tree with shrub species-diversity ***,we tested the hypotheses that shrub survival differs between the 10 planted shrub species,with lower survival rates of late-than early-successional species and is affected by environmental conditions,such as topography and top soil characteristics,as well as by biotic factors,represented by tree,shrub and herb layer *** We analyzed the survival of 42000 shrub individuals in 105 plots varying in tree and shrub species richness of the BEF-China project four years after *** survival was analyzed with generalized linear mixed effects models at the level of individuals and with variance partitioning at the plot *** intercept and random slope models of different explanatory variables were compared with respect to the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC).Important Findings Survival rates differed largely between the 10 shrub species,ranging from 26%to 91%for Ardisia crenata and Distylium buxifolium,*** of species identity,single abiotic factors explained up to 5%of species survival,with a negative effect of altitude and slope inclination and a positive effect of the topsoil carbon to nitrogen ratio,which pointed to drought as the major cause of shrub *** contrast,neither tree nor shrub richness affected shrub survival at this early stage of the *** the biotic predictors,only herb layer species richness and cover of the dominant fern species(Dicranopteris pedata)affected shrub ***,our models that included all variables could explain about 65%in shrub survival,with environmental variables being most influential,followed by shrub species identity,while tree speci

关键词： BEF-China biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiment forest herb layer plant survival shrub species richness

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In-House Implications of a 1-Year Retrospective Analysis of the Psychiatric Consultation-Service in a German University Hospital

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第2期1卷 17-22页

作者： Maximilian Gahr Markus schmid Roland W. Freudenmann Carlos Schonfeldt-Lecuona Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Ⅲ Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

Objective: Due to major differences in patient populations, consultants and hospital settings of single-centres structured analyses of the psychiatric consultation-service (PCS) might be considered as an internal statistical appraisal for quality and efficacy improvements of the focused PCS. Method: The patient population given by the original documentation schedules of psychiatric consultations performed in the University hospital of Ulm in the year 2008 were analysed for the following variables: sex, age, requesting department, based problem or consultation query, allocated psychiatric diagnosis, therapeutic suggestion, occurrence and number of psychiatric consultations within the same case, acuteness level, diagnosis according to ICD-10 F and therapeutic recommendation. Results: In a total of n = 656 consultations most frequent questions were for: “medication”, “diagnostic suggestions” and “no specific question”, whereupon “no question” was given in 19%. A statement concerning the urgency-level of the consultation was present in 10.5%. Organic mental disorders, mood disorders, neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders formed 72% of all diagnoses. Pharmacotherapy was most frequently recommended. The detected shortcomings were mostly the result of heterogenous documentation. Conclusions: Frequent absence of relevant information throughout the consultation process gives reason for interdisciplinary arrangements to create a rational algorithm for PCS. Based on our findings standardization of our consultation reports was established by means of a standard form and a pocket-booklet which provides diagnostic guidelines and therapeutic recommendations.

关键词： Consultation-and Liaison-psychiatry Standardization Quality Control

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Can High Dose Metamizol Medication Contribute to Postsurgical Hemorrhage:A Case Report

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2015年第2期5卷 53-58页

作者： Dagmar Wildpaner Beat Flueckiger Urs Dieter schmid Dominik Weishaupt Robert Theiler Department of Rheumatology Stadtspital Triemli Zurich Switzerland Division of Neurosurgery Stadspital Triemli Zurich Switzerland Department of Radiology Stadtspital Triemli Zurich Switzerland

The use of metamizol significantly increased in the last decade, especially in non US countries [1]. Although metamizol is known to be a non selective COX inhibitor and therefore has platelet inhibiting potential, it is widely used in pain management in postsurgical setting. Methods: We present a case of bleeding after microsurgical decompression of a narrow lumbar spinal canal. Our patient developed a bleeding complication 3 days after the surgery. The bleeding spontaneously resolved after stopping the application of metamizol. Metamizol is a non selective COX inhibitor and is used as standard analgetic drug after surgery in our department, whereas other COX inhibitors are not. We made an intensive literature research to evaluate the prohaemorrhagic potential of metamizol. Metamizol has proven dose dependent platelet inhibiting effect. Conclusions: This is a quite ordinary case and there is no proof of metamizol being responsible for the bleeding in this case, it still poses questions at our daily routine and the question about a dose dependent clinically relevant prohaemorrhagic effect of metamizol remains unanswered. A proper study is needed.

关键词： Metamizol Narrow Lumbar Spinal Canal Postsurgical Analgesia Bleeding Complication

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直接克隆熊蜂短膜虫的实验

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动物学报 1997年第1期43卷 103-104页

作者：武文杰 schmid.HEMPELPAUL 厦门大学寄生动物研究室厦门361005 ETH Zurich Institute of Terrestrial EcologyCH-8952 SchlierenSwitzerland

对宿主来源的寄生原虫直接克隆,为调查自然界寄生原虫克隆的流行病学、生态学、遗传学及其宿主的关系等研究提供更准确的实验材料。为此我们对来源于宿主肠道的熊蜂短膜虫(Crithidiabombi)进行了直接克隆的实验。结果报道如下。

关键词：熊蜂短膜虫克隆动物实验

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Mandatory criteria for the application of variability-based parameters of fluid responsiveness: a prospective study in different groups of ICU patients

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第7期19卷 515-524页

作者： Wolfgang HUBER Uli MAYR ANDreas UMGELTER Michael FRANZEN Wolfgang REINDL RolAND M.schmid Florian ECKEL Ⅱ. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen Ismaninger Straβe 22 D-81675 Miinchen Germany Universitatsklinik fur Innere Medizin I Salzburger Landeskliniken Universitatsklinikum Salzburg Mullner Hauptstraβe 48A-5020 Salzburg Austria Ⅱ. Medizinische Klinik Universitatsklinikum Mannheim Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3 D-68167 Mannheim Germany Klinik fur Innere Medizin RoMed Klinik Bad Aibling Harthauser Straβe 16 D-83043 Bad Aibling Germany

Background and objective： Stroke volume variation（SVV） has high sensitivity and specificity in predicting fluid responsiveness. However, sinus rhythm（SR） and controlled mechanical ventilation（CV） are mandatory for their application. Several studies suggest a limited applicability of SVV in intensive care unit（ICU） patients. We hypothesized that the applicability of SVV might be different over time and within certain subgroups of ICU patients. Therefore, we analysed the prevalence of SR and CV in ICU patients during the first 24 h of Pi CCO-monitoring（primary endpoint） and during the total ICU stay. We also investigated the applicability of SVV in the subgroups of patients with sepsis, cirrhosis, and acute pancreatitis. Methods： The prevalence of SR and CV was documented immediately before 1241 thermodilution measurements in 88 patients. Results： In all measurements, SVV was applicable in about 24%. However, the applicability of SVV was time-dependent： the prevalence of both SR and CV was higher during the first 24 h compared to measurements thereafter（36.1% vs. 21.9%; P0.001）. Within different subgroups, the applicability during the first 24 h of monitoring ranged between 0% in acute pancreatitis, 25.5% in liver failure, and 48.9% in patients without pancreatitis, liver failure, pneumonia or sepsis. Conclusions： The applicability of SVV in a predominantly medical ICU is only about 25%–35%. The prevalence of both mandatory criteria decreases over time during the ICU stay. Furthermore, the applicability is particularly low in patients with acute pancreatitis and liver failure.

关键词： Hemodynamic monitoring Preload Fluid responsiveness Stroke volume variation Pulse pressure variation

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影像——探讨用阴影做设计的可能性

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照明设计 2009年第5期 86-91页

作者： Iika schmid

是时候开始考虑有目的的利用阴影了关于光的设计已有太多的讨论。市场上定期会推出新研发的技术，甚至进一步提供创新的手法为各种用途或活动创造独特的空间体验。但是我们也逐渐意识到太多光带来的负面效果，暗天空的缺乏妨碍了天文... 详细信息

是时候开始考虑有目的的利用阴影了关于光的设计已有太多的讨论。市场上定期会推出新研发的技术，甚至进一步提供创新的手法为各种用途或活动创造独特的空间体验。但是我们也逐渐意识到太多光带来的负面效果，暗天空的缺乏妨碍了天文学家们的工作和天文爱好者的乐趣，扰乱了生态进程，影响了我们的激素平衡。

关键词：设计阴影影像天文爱好者空间体验天文学家激素平衡

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Association of the GNAS1 T393C polymorphism with tumor stage and survival in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第48期15卷 6061-6067页

作者： Hakan Alakus Stefan P Mnig Ute Warnecke-Eberz Gül Alakus Günther Winde Uta Drebber Klaus J Schmitz Kurt W schmid Kathrin Riemann Winfried Siffert Elfriede Bollschweiler Arnulf H Hlscher Ralf Metzger Department of General Visceral and Cancer SurgeryCenter for Integrated OncologyUniversity of Cologne Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Klinikum Herford Institute of Pathology University of Cologne Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology University Hospital of EssenUniversity of Duisburg-Essen Institute of Pharmaco-genetics University Hospital of EssenUniversity of Duisburg-Essen

AIM： To analyze the impact of the GNAS1 T393C polymorphism on prognosis and histopathology of gastric cancer. METHODS： Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffinembedded tissues of 122 patients with primary gastric carcinoma and from the blood of 820 healthy white individuals. Allelic discrimination was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Genotyping was correlated with histopathologic parameters and with overall survival according to the Kaplan-Meier approach and with multivariate analysis by multiple stepwise regression. RESULTS： Thirty-nine （32%） patients displayed a CC genotype, 57 （46.7%） a CT genotype and 26 （21.3%） a TT genotype. The frequency of the C allele （fC） in the patient group was 0.55, which was not significantly different from that of healthy blood donors. The distribution was compatible with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Analysis of clinicopathological parameters did not show any significant correlation of the T393C genotype with gender （P = 0.50）, differentiation （P = 0.29）, pT-category （P = 0.19）, pN-category （P = 0.30）, pM-category （P = 0.25）, R-category （P = 0.95）, the classifications according to WHO （P = 0.34）, Lauren （P = 0.16）, Goseki （P = 1.00） and Ming （P =0.74）. Dichotomization between C＋（CC＋CT） and C-genotypes （FI）, however, revealed significantly more advanced tumor stages （P = 0.023） and lower survival rates （P = 0.043） for C allele carriers. CONCLUSION： The present study provides strong evidence to suggest that the GNAS1 T393C allele carrier status influences tumor progression and survival in gastric cancer with higher tumor stages and a worse outcome for C allele carriers.

关键词： Gastric cancer G Protein Polymorphism Prognosis Tumor stage

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植物生长调节剂的使用和大豆愈伤组织的诱导及保持

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遗传 1989年第2期11卷 1-4页

作者：李大玮 J.schmid E.R.Keller 中国科学院遗传研究所瑞士理工学院植物科学研究所

以大豆品种“Mapple Arrow”七日龄无菌苗的上胚轴、下胚轴、子叶组织片段和幼嫩茎尖为外植体,研究了植物生长调节剂的使用和大豆愈伤组织诱导与保持的关系,供从事大豆离体技术的研究者参考。

关键词：大豆生长调节剂愈伤组织

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