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Costs and cost-effectiveness of HIV early infant diagnosis in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 9-28页

作者： kira Elsbernd Karl mFEmmert-Fees Amanda Erbe Veronica Ottobrino Arne Kroid Till Barnighausen Benjamin P Geisler Stefan Kohler Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical medicine Faculty of MedicineLudwig Maximilians UniversityMunichGermany Institute for medical Information Processing Biometryand Epidemiology(IBE)Faculty of Medicine Ludwig Maximilian UniversityMunichGermany Department of Sports and Health Sciences Technical University of MunichMunichGermany Institute of Health Economics and Health Care management Helmholtz Zentrum MunchenMunichGermany Heidelberg Institute of Global Health Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Department of Health management and Health Economics University of OsloOsloNorway German Center for Infection Research(DZiF) Partner SiteMunichGermany massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard medical School BostonMAUSA Institute of Social medicine Epidemiology and HealthEconomicsCharite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

Background:Continuing progress in the global pediatric human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)response depends on timely identification and care of infants with *** countries scale-out improvements to HIV early infant diagnosis(EID),economic evaluations are needed to inform program design and *** scoping review aimed to summarize the available evidence and discuss practical implications of cost and cost-effectiveness analyses of HIV ***:We systematically searched bibliographic databases(Embase,mEDLINE and EconLit)and grey literature for economic analyses of HIV EID in low-and middle-income countries published between January 2008 and June *** extracted data on unit costs,cost savings,and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios as well as outcomes related to health and the HIV EID care process and summarized results in narrative and tabular *** converted unit costs to 2021 USD for easier comparison of costs across ***:After title and abstract screening of 1278 records and full-text review of 99 records,we included 29 studies:17 cost analyses and 12 model-based cost-effectiveness *** costs were 21.46-51.80 USD for point-of-care EID tests and 16.21-42.73 USD for laboratory-based EID *** cost-effectiveness analyses stated at least one of the interventions evaluated to be *** studies reported costs of EID testing strategies;however,few studies assessed the same intervention or reported costs in the same way,making comparison of costs across studies *** data availability of context-appropriate costs and outcomes of children with HIV as well as structural heterogeneity of cost-effectiveness modelling studies limits generalizability of economic analyses of HIV ***:The available cost and cost-effectiveness evidence for EID of HIV,while not directly comparable across studies,covers a broad range of interventions and suggests most interventions designed to improve EID are cost

关键词： Cost effectiveness Diagnostics Low-and middle-income countries Point of care Early infant diagnosis Health systems

Perceptions of the effectiveness of Advanced Practice Nurses on a neurosurgery unit in a Canadian Tertiary Care Centre:A pre-and-post implementation design

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2018年第2期5卷 138-143页

作者： Alanna m.Keenan Erin E.mutterback Kristi m.Velthuizen monika E.Pantalone kira L.Gossack-Keenan The Ottawa Hospital OttawaOntarioCanada University of Ottawa OttawaOntarioCanada mcmaster University HamiltonOntarioCanada

Objectives:A framework for the advanced practice nurse(APN)role was developed in our Canadian Tertiary Care Centre,delineating five domains of advanced nursing practice:clinical practice,consultation,research,education and *** goal of this study was to evaluate perceptions of the effectiveness of the implementation of an innovative APN role on an in-patient Neurosurgery ***:A pre-and-post implementation design,incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data,was *** innovative APN role was implemented within the Neurosurgery program focusing on the clinical domain and required the successful candidates to be NP *** APN role was designed to improve patient flow,documentation,communication and patient and staff *** primary outcomes were measured:pre-implementation questionnaire(nurses),post-implementation questionnaire(nurses and residents)and number of pages to the on-call ***:Survey scores by nurses and residents indicated improvement across all aspects *** scores increased from 1.1 to 2.6,reflecting an overall statistically significant *** number of pages to the on-call resident also showed a ***:Perceptions of patient care delivery and professional collaboration improved following implementation of the APN *** indicated that APNs significantly impacted patient care and improved nurses and residents'job satisfaction.

关键词： Advanced practice nursing Delivery of health care Patient care team Pre-post tests Professional practice gaps

Scalable high-repetition-rate sub-half-cycle terahertz pulses from spatially indirect interband transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1304-1311页

作者： Christian meineke michael Prager Johannes Hayes Qiannan Wen Lukas Zheyi Kastner Dieter Schuh Kilian Fritsch Oleg Pronin markus Stein Felix Schafer Sangam Chatterjee mackillo kira Rupert Huber Dominique Bougeard Department of Physics University of Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA Faculty of Electrical Engineering Helmut Schmidt University22043 HamburgGermany Institute of Experimental Physics I Justus Liebig University Giessen35392 GiessenGermany

Intense phase-locked terahertz(THz)pulses are the bedrock of THz lightwave electronics,where the carrier field creates a transient bias to control electrons on sub-cycle time *** applications such as THz scanning tunnelling microscopy or electronic devices operating at optical clock rates call for ultimately short,almost unipolar waveforms,at megahertz(mHz)repetition ***,we present a flexible and scalable scheme for the generation of strong phase-locked THz pulses based on shift currents in type-ll-aligned epitaxial semiconductor *** measured THz waveforms exhibit only 0.45 optical cycles at their centre frequency within the full width at half maximum of the intensity envelope,peak fields above 1.1 kVcm^(-1) and spectral components up to the mid-infrared,at a repetition rate of 4 *** only positive half-cycle of this waveform exceeds all negative half-cycles by almost four times,which is unexpected from shift currents *** detailed analysis reveals that local charging dynamics induces the pronounced positive THz-emission peak as electrons and holes approach charge neutrality after separation by the optical pump pulse,also enabling ultrabroadband *** unipolar emitters mark a milestone for flexibly scalable,next-generation high-repetition-rate sources of intense and strongly asymmetric electric field transients.

关键词： pump repetition cycle

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日本慢性呼吸衰竭患者的家庭氧疗

中华结核和呼吸杂志 1997年第Z1期20卷 99-99页

作者： Sekiya m Aiba m Hasunuma K Takahashi H Saito S miyamoto K Kawakami Y kira S 罗新锦(译) RespiratoryFailureResearchGroup DepartmentofRespiratoryMedicineJuntendoUniversitySchoolofMedicineTokyo FirstDepartmentofmedicine HokkaidoUniversitySchoolofMedicineSapporoJapan

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不明原因的间质性肺炎在临床病程上并不一致

中华结核和呼吸杂志 1997年第7期20卷 83-83页

作者： maeda K Ohnishi m moio Y Hasunuma K Takahashi H Dambara T kira S 罗新锦(译) DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofMedicineTokyoJapan

视神经脊髓型多发性硬化症髓鞘内IL-17/IL-8轴的激活

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 59-60页

作者： Ishizu T. Osoegawa m. J.-I. kira 夏峰 Department of Neurology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashiku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan Prof.

There are two distinct subtypes of multiple sclerosis in Asians, opticospinal (OS- multiple sclerosis) and conventional (C- multipie sclerosis). In OS- mu ltiple sclerosis, selective and severe involvement of the optic nerves and spina l cord is characteristic, though its mechanisms are unknown. The present study a imed to find out possible differences in the cytokine/chemokine profiles in CSF between OS- multiple sclerosis and C- multiple sclerosis and to delineate the relationships between these profiles and neuroimaging and pathological features. Sixteen cytokines/chemokines, namely interieukin (IL)- 1β , IL- 2, IL- 4, I L- 5, IL- 6, IL- 7, IL- 8, IL- 10, IL- 12 (p70), IL- 13, IL- 17, interfe ron (IFN)- γ , tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- α , granulocyte colony- stimul ating factor (G- CSF), monocyte chenioattractant protein- 1 (mCP- 1) and macr ophage inflammatory protein- 1β (mIP- 1β ), were measured simultaneously in CSF supernatants from 40 patients with relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis (20 OS- multiple sclerosis and 20 C- multiple sclerosis) at relapse and 19 con trol patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), together with intracellul ar production of IFN- γ and IL- 4 in CSF CD4+ T cells. In CSF supernatants relative to controls, IL- 17, mIP- 1β ,IL- 1β and IL- 13 were only signi ficantly increased in OS- multiple sclerosis patients, while TNF- α was only significantly increased in C- multiple sclerosis patients, using a cut- off l evel of 1 pg/ml. IL- 8 was significantly elevated in both OS- multiple scleros is and C- multiple sclerosis patients. mCP- 1 was significantly decreased in b oth OS- multiple sclerosis and C- multiple sclerosis patients, while IL- 7 wa s only significantly decreased in C- multiple sclerosis patients. IL- 17, IL- 8 and IL- 5 were significantly higher in OSmultiple sclerosis patients than in C- multiple sclerosis patients. The increases in IL- 17 and IL- 8 in OS mult iple sclerosis were still significant even after excl

关键词：多发性硬化症 IL-17/IL-8 髓鞘粒细胞浸润肿瘤坏死因子趋化因子集落刺激因子免疫调节治疗髓过氧化物酶嗜中性

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不明原因的间质性肺炎在临床病程上并不一致

中华结核和呼吸杂志 1997年第Z1期20卷 83页

作者： maeda K Ohnishi m moio Y Hasunuma K Takahashi H Dambara T kira S 罗新锦(译) JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine JuntendoUniversitySchoolofmedicine Tokyo Japan DepartmentofRespiratorymedicine

Lead in food and soil from a mining area in Brazil and human exposure

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 66-66页

作者： Talita Lammoglia Bemardino R Figueiredo Alice m. Sakuma m.L. Buzzo I.A. Okada C.S. kira Institute of Geosciences University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil Adolfo Lutz Institute Sao Paulo Brazil

帕博利珠单抗治疗伴脑转移NSCLC患者的一项非随机、开放Ⅱ期试验的长期随访结果和生物标志物分析

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中国肺癌杂志 2021年第9期24卷 I0007-I0016页

作者： Sarah B GOLDBERG Kurt A SCHALPER Scott N GETTINGER Amit mAHAJAN Roy S HERBST Anne C CHANG Rogerio LILENBAUm Frederick H WILSON Sacit Bulent OmAY James B YU Lucia JILAVEANU Thuy TRAN kira PAVLIK Elin ROWEN Heather GERRSH Annette KOmLO Richa GUPTA Hailey WYATT matthew RIBEIRO Yuval KLUGER Geyu ZHOU Wei WEI Veronica L CHANG Harriet m KLUGER 董晓荣(翻译/校对) Department of medicine(medical Oncology) Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Department of Pathology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Department of Radiology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Department of Neurosurgery Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Department of Therapeutic Radiology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA Department of Biostatistics Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胸部肿瘤科

背景与目的我们开展了一项帕博利珠单抗用于伴未治疗脑转移的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)或黑色素瘤患者的疗效和安全性的II期试验,旨在评估程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)抑制剂在中枢神经系统(ce... 详细信息

背景与目的我们开展了一项帕博利珠单抗用于伴未治疗脑转移的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)或黑色素瘤患者的疗效和安全性的II期试验,旨在评估程序性死亡受体1(programmed cell death 1,PD-1)抑制剂在中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)中的疗效。中期结果已发表,现报道对NSCLC队列的更新分析结果。方法这是一项开放性、单中心、II期试验。纳入标准:年龄≥18岁,诊断为晚期NSCLC并伴有≥1个5 mm-20 mm脑转移病灶,既往从未治疗或之前放疗后进展,无神经系统症状,不需要激素治疗且美国东部肿瘤协作组(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group,ECOG)mg/kg)治疗。队列1为程序性死亡配体1(programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)≥1%的患者,队列2为PD-L1<1%或未评估的患者。主要终点是脑转移患者缓解比例。所有经治患者均纳入疗效与安全性终点的分析。该研究已结束入组,并于***登记注册,注册号为NCT02085070。结果2014年3月31日-2018年5月21日,共42例患者接受治疗。中位随访时间为8.3个月(IQR:4.5个月-26.2个月)。队列1的37例患者中11例有脑转移缓解[29.7%(95%CI:15.9%-47.0%)]。队列2未观察到缓解。治疗相关的3级-4级不良事件(adverse events,AEs)包括2例肺炎、1例全身症状、1例结肠炎、1例肾上腺皮质功能不全、1例高血糖症和1例低钾血症。6例(14%)患者发生了治疗相关的严重不良事件,包括肺炎、急性肾损伤、低钾血症和肾上腺皮质功能不全。没有观察到治疗相关死亡病例。结论帕博利珠单抗治疗PD-L1≥1%的NSCLC伴脑转移患者有效,且对所有纳入的未经治疗的脑转移患者安全。需要进一步探索免疫治疗用于NSCLC合并CNS转移。

关键词：非小细胞肺癌脑转移免疫治疗帕博利珠单抗