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The Trichoderma-plant interaction is mediated by avirulence proteins produced by this fungus

浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版) 2004年第4期30卷 422-422页

作者： Ruocco M Lanzuise S Woo S L Ambrosino P Marra R Turrà D Gigante S Formisano E Scala F kip n P J G M de Wit Lorito M Dip. Arboricoltura Botanica e Patologia Vegetale-Sez. Patologia Vegetale Lab. di Lotta Biologica Università di Napoli "Federico II" and CNR-IPP Via Università 100 Portici (NA) 80055 Italy

The molecular basis of Trichoderma -plant interaction is very complex and still not completely understood. The colonization of the root system by rhizosphere competent strains of Trichoderma results in increased development of root/aerial systems, in improved yields and in plant disease control. Other beneficial effects, such as the induction of plant systemic resistance, have also been described. To understand the mechanisms involved we are using different approaches, including the making of transformants expressing genes that encode for compounds able to affect plant response to pathogens. Trichoderma transformants carrying the avirulence gene Avr4 from Cladosporium fulvum under the control of constitutive and inducible promoters were obtained and tested on tomato plants having the Cf4 resistance gene. necrosis and suberification zones, similar to the symptoms appearing during Cladosporium-tomato interaction, were found when the roots of the Cf4 plants were treated with Avr4-Trichoderma. This demonstrates that selected Trichoderma strains are able to transfer to the plant molecules that may deeply affect metabolism, disease resistance etc. Therefore, these beneficial fungi can be regarded as biotechnological tools to provide a variety of crops with useful compounds. Moreover, in in vitro competition assays the transformants were found to be more effective as antagonists against Alternaria alternata than the wild type. Trichoderma sends a variety of biochemical signals to the plants including avirulence molecules; therefore the presence of avr-like proteins in the fungus proteome was investigated. Proteome analysis has permitted us to isolate and sequence many proteins potentially having this function. From the extracellular protein extracts, we have purified and sequenced a protein with structural characteristics similar to Avr4 of C. fulvum. The protein, Hytra1, was found to be a hydrophobin with chitin binding activity, the typical 8 cysteine residues, and 4 dis

关键词： systemic resistance Avr4 biochemical signals

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Differential expression of cholangiocyte and ileal bile acid transporters following bile acid supplementation and depletion

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第10期10卷 1440-1446页

作者： n.Sertac kip Konstantinos n.Lazaridis Anatoliy I.Masyuk Patrick L.Splinter Robert C.Huebert nicholas F.LaRusso Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal MedicineMayo Medical SchoolClinic and FoundationRochesterMN 55905USA

AIM: We have previously demonstrated that cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining intrahepatic bile ducts,encode two functional bile acid transporters via alternative splicing of a single gene to facilitate bile acid vectorial transport. Cholangiocytes possess ASBT,an apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter to take up bile acids,and t-ASBT,a basolateral alternatively spliced and truncated form of ASBT to efflux bile *** hepatocyte and ileal bile acid transporters are in part regulated by the flux of bile acids, the effect of alterations in bile acid flux on the expression of t-ASBT in terminal ileocytes remains ***,we tested the hypothesis that expression of ASBT and t-ASBT in cholangiocytes and ileocytes was regulated by bile acid flux. METHODS: Expression of ASBT and t-ASBT message and protein in cholangiocytes and ileocytes isolated from pair- fed rats given control (C) and 1% taurocholate (TCA) or 5% cholestyramine (CY) enriched diets,were assessed by both quantitative Rnase protection assays and quantitative *** data obtained from each of the control groups were pooled to reflect the changes observed following TCA and CY treatments with respect to the control diets. Cholangiocyte taurocholate uptake was determined using a novel microperfusion technique on intrahepatic bile duct units (IBDUs) derived from C,TCA and CY fed rats. RESULTS: In cholangiocytes,both ASBT and t-ASBT message RnA and protein were significantly decreased in response to TCA feeding compared to C *** contrast, message and protein of both bile acid transporters significantly increased following CY feeding compared to C *** the ileum,TCA feeding significantly up-regulated both ASBT and t-ASBT message and protein compared to C diet,while CY feeding significantly down-regulated message and protein of both bile acid transporters compared to C *** anticipated from alterations in cholangiocyte ASBT expression,the uptake of taurocholate in microp

关键词： Cholestyramine dosage Ileum Taurocholic Acid Alternative Splicing Animals Bile Ducts Diet Eating Epithelial Cells Gene Expression Regulation Male Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Dependent Protein Isoforms Rats Rats, Inbred F344 Symporters

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黑洞与时间弯曲

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2018年

作者： (美)基普·S.索恩(kip S. Thorne)

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与在适应证外和未经测试的情况下使用药物洗脱支架相关的预后及并发症

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2007年第9期 12-13页

作者： Beohar n. Davidson C.J. kip K.E. 罗亮 Department of Cardiology Northwestern Memorial Hospital 251 E Huron St Feinberg 8-790A Chicago IL 60610 United States

背景:有关在已核准适应证以外情况下使用药物洗脱支架的资料有限。目的:观察在经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)适应证外(再狭窄、血管桥病变、长病变、血管大小超过推荐使用范围)和未经测试(左主干、开口处、分叉处或完全闭塞病变)的情况下使用... 详细信息

背景:有关在已核准适应证以外情况下使用药物洗脱支架的资料有限。目的:观察在经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)适应证外(再狭窄、血管桥病变、长病变、血管大小超过推荐使用范围)和未经测试(左主干、开口处、分叉处或完全闭塞病变)的情况下使用药物洗脱支架的频

关键词：药物洗脱支架患者血运重建靶血管使用者适应证 PCI 预后

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药物洗脱支架时代6906例患者接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的结局:DEScover注册研究的报告

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第4期3卷 23-24页

作者： Williams D.O. Abbott J.D. kip K.E. 孙凯 Rhode Island Hospital APC 814593 Eddy StProvidenceRI 02903United States Dr.

背景:DEScover注册研究旨在观察美国常规临床实践中被选择应用药物洗脱支架(DES)治疗患者的特征及其预后。

关键词：药物洗脱支架 DEScover 介入治疗临床实践紫杉醇洗脱支架裸金属支架病变类型靶血管血运

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无闭塞性冠状动脉疾病女性胸痛患者中的炎症反应、内皮细胞激活和冠状动脉微血管功能障碍

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 24-25页

作者： Marroquin O. C. kip K. E. Mulukutla S. R. 高登峰 Dr. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center 200 Lothrop Street Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States

Background: Coronary artery microvascular dysfunction is prevalent in women with chest pain in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease(CAD) and is manifested by attenuated coronary flow reserve(CFR). Markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation have been found to be elevated in patients with chest pain but without CAD. The relationship between inflammation, endothelial activation, and CFR is not known. Methods: ninety-four women with chest pain in the absence of obstructive angiographic CAD underwent catheterization-based assessment of CFR and measurement of levels of inflammatory markers(n=78) and endothelial cell activation in the nHLBI WISE study. Results: Coronary flow reserve did not correlate with levels of C-reactive protein(high-sensi-tivity C-reactive protein)(rs=-0.07, P=.53), interleukin(IL)-6(rs=-0.12,P=.31),IL-18(rs=0.14, P=.23), tumor necrosis factorα(rs=-0.09, P=.43), transforming growth factor β1(rs=0.02, P=.84), and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1(rs=0.04, P=.68). Median levels of markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation did not differ between the 57 women with abnormal CFR(nd the 37 women with normal coronary microvascular function(high-sensiti-vity C-reactive protein 0.32 vs 0.25 mg/dL, P=.80; IL-6 2.89 vs 2.39 pg/mL, P=.63; IL-18 218 vs 227 pg/mL, P=.59; tumor necrosis factor α2.7 vs 2.4 pg/mL, P=.43; transforming growth factor β1 9928 vs 12 436 pg/mL, P=.76; soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 286 vs 287 pg/mL, P=.95). Multivariable models demonstrated no evidence of associations between markers of inflammation and of endothelial cell activation and CFR. Conclusions: Coronary microvascular dysfunction is not associated with markers of inflammation and endothelial cell activation in women with chest pain in the absence of obstructive CAD. These results suggest that inflammation and endothelial cell activation may not play a pathophysiological role in coronary microvascular dysfunction.

关键词：冠状动脉疾病内皮细胞激活微血管功能障碍炎症反应闭塞性患者胸痛女性冠状动脉血流储备导管插入

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Age,geochemistry and tectonic setting of Buqingshan ophiolites,north Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

Age,geochemistry and tectonic setting of Buqingshan ophiolit...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2003学术年会

作者： I.Pospelov O.Astrakhantsev n.Chamov Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 109017Russia

The Buqingshan ophiolite complex is a sector of the A’nyemaqen ophiolite belt in the East Kunlum southern marginal suture zone in the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibet *** WnW-trending ophiolite complex consists of pretaperidetic,diabase,pillow basalt, massive basalt and pelagic sedimentary rocks including radiolarian *** have deter(?) that Early Paleozoic and Early Carboniferous-Early Permian ophiolites are present in this ophiolite complex that were pre(?)us(?)y thought of Permian-Middle Triassic age. A zircon U-Pb age of 467.2±0.9 Ma for gabbro,and a Rb-Sr isochron age of 481±130Ma for diabase and gabbro have been obtained from the Early Paleozoic ophiolite slice,and Middle-Late Ordovician acritarchs have been found in the melange matrix that envelopes the *** interpret the first two ages to represent the formation age of the ophiolite.(?)ranodiofite- tonalite plutons with a zircon U-Pb age of 402±24 Ma intrude the *** Carboniferous-Early Permian radiolaria(?)s have been discovered in cherts and argillaceous cherts in the second ophiolite *** indicates that metaperidotites in th first slic(?) rensent a depleted ocean lithosphere *** mafic rocks in the Early Paleozoic ophiolite are of n-MORB type with sma(?) amount of T-MORB,and they resulted from the magma from the depleted oceanic lithosphere mantle with little crustal ***(?)asa(?)s in the Early Carboniferous-Early Permian ophiolite have similar characteristics to the mafic rocks and also show DUPAI an(?)maly and a mixed source of DMM and EMⅡ.The original formation environments of the two-stage ophiolites are both mid-oc(?) *** lines of evidence suggest that a mature Early Paleozoic Kunlun-Qilian-Qinling ocean basin and a mature Paleote(?)hyan ocean basin once existed in the study area.

关键词： Ophiolite Tibetan plateau East Kunlun Shan

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A statistical study of large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances observed by GPS TEC during major magnetic storms over the years 2003-2005

A statistical study of large-scale traveling ionospheric dis...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2008学术年会

作者： E.L.Afraimovich S.V.Voeykov n.P.Perevalova Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesIrkutskRussia.

[1]In this paper,we plot two-dimensional total electron content(TEC) perturbation maps and investigate the statistical characteristics of large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances(LSTIDs) during major magnetic storms from 2003 to *** TEC data were obtained from more than 600 GPS receivers in north America within the geographical latitudes of 25°n-55°*** found a total of 135 cases of LSTIDs,with amplitudes of up to 3.5 TECU and a maximum front width of 000 *** mean value of periods,horizontal velocities,and azimuths are 1.8 h,300 m/s,and 187°(7°west of south),*** mean velocity is obviously slower than that observed at lower latitudes such as *** all the 135 LSTID events,35 cases(26%) occurred in the nighttime with their possible source within the region of north America,according to the variation of magnetic H component observed in this *** addition,the occurrence of LSTIDs peaks at 1200 LT and at 1900 *** is also pointed out that the UT dependence of the occurrence of auroral geomagnetic disturbances plays a major role in the forming of UT and LT dependence of the occurrence of LSTIDs observed at midlatitudes.

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Effects of solar variability on thermosphere density from CHAMP accelerometer data

Effects of solar variability on thermosphere density from CH...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2007学术年会

作者：郭建鹏 Jeffrey M.Forbes Eric Sutton R.Steven nerem T.n.Woods Sean Bruinsma Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences University of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA Department of Terrestrial and Planetary Geodesy Centre National d'Etudes SpatialesToulouseFrance

Thermosphere densities near 410 km altitude inferred from accelerometer measurements on the Challenging Minisatellite Payload(CHAMP) satellite are analyzed for solar irradiance variability effects during the period *** between the densities and the solar irradiances for different spectral lines and wavelength ranges reveal significantly different *** density correlates remarkably well with all the selected solar irradiances except the lower chromospheric OⅠ(130.4 nm) *** the chosen solar proxies,the MgⅡcore-to-wing ratio index,EUV (30-120 nm) and F10.7 show the highest correlations with the density for short-term (ng-term(>～27 d) and short-term variations,linear correlation coefficients exhibit a decreasing trend from low latitudes toward high latitudes. The density variability can be effectively modeled(capturing 71%of the variance) using multiple solar irradiance indices,including F10.7,S(the EUV 30-120 nm index),and S(the FUV 120-193 nm index),in which a lag time of 1 d was used for both F10.7 and S,and 5 d for *** our regression formulation,S has the largest contribution to the density variation(40%),with the F10.7 having the next largest contribution(32%) and S accounting for the rest(28%).Furthermore,a pronounced period of about 27.2 d(mean period of the Sun’s rotation) is present in both density and solar irradiance data of 2003 and 2004,and a pronounced period of about 54.4 d (doubled period of the solar rotation) is also revealed in ***,soft X-ray and FUV irradiances did not present a pronounced 54.4-d period in 2004,in spite of their high correlation with the *** Ap index also shows 54-d periodicities in 2004, and magnetic activity,together with solar irradiance,affects the 54-d variation in density *** addition,nRLMSISE00,DTM-2000,and JB2006 model predictions are compared with density measurements from CHAMP to assess their accuracy,and the results

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