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The flow of non-starch polysaccharides along the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens fed either a wheat-or maize-based diet

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 138-142页

作者： Eunjoo kim Natalie K.morgan Amy FMoss Lily Li Peter Ader Mingan Choct School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia BASF South East Asia 038987Singapore BASF SE 68623LampertheimGermany

The present study characterised the types and amounts of non-starch polysaccharides(NSP)remaining undigested along the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)of broiler chickens offered a typical wheat-or maizebased ***-day old Cobb 500 mixed-sex chicks were assigned to 24 pens,with 10 birds/pen and 12 pens/*** were offered the experimental diets in 3 phases(starter,day 0 to 10;grower,day 11 to 24 and finisher,day 25 to 35).Excreta and digesta samples from the crop,gizzard,duodenum,jejunum,ileum and caeca were collected at 12 and 35 days of age,and analysed for the NSP *** wheat-based diet contained higher levels of soluble NSP than the maize-based diet,whereas insoluble NSP levels were similar between the 2 *** analysis of NSP constituents revealed that arabinoxylans were the primary NSP in the wheat-based diet,mostly in insoluble *** were the predominant NSP in the maize-based diet,followed by ***,birds offered the wheatbased diet presented higher levels of soluble NSP remaining in all gut sections compared to birds offered the maize-based diet,at both 12 and 35 days of age(P<0.050).Accumulation of insoluble NSP in the gizzard was noted in birds fed both diets,but was more pronounced in birds offered the maize-based diet compared to the wheat-based diet,at both 12 and 35 days of age(P<0.001).The present study highlights marked differences in the amounts and types of NSP delivered to the different gut sections when feeding wheat-compared to maize-based diets,particularly in the gizzard and the lower GIT of birds.

关键词： Broiler chickens Soluble fibre Insoluble fibre Non-starch polysaccharides

Characterisation of undigested components throughout the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens fed either a wheat-or maizebased diet

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 153-159页

作者： Eunjoo kim Natalie K.morgan Amy F.Moss Lily Li Peter Ader Mingan Choct School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia BASF South East Asia038987Singapore BASF SE 68623LampertheimGermany

This study was to characterise the undigested nutrients present along the gastrointestinal tract of birds offered common wheat-or maize-based diets,with the goal of optimising utilisation of enzymes to enhance digestive ***-and maize-based diets were offered to 240 mixed-sex broilers(10 birds/pen;n=12)from 1 to 35 d *** of dry matter,starch,crude protein and nonstarch polysaccharides(NSP)were measured in the crop,gizzard,duodenum,jejunum,ileum,caeca and excreta at d 12 and 35 *** of nutrient levels in the excreta presented that more than 30%of nutrients provided in the feed was wasted,irrespective of wheat or maize diet *** average,92 g/kg crude protein,92 g/kg insoluble NSP and 14 g/kg oligosaccharides were not utilised by birds at d 12 *** quantity of water-insoluble NSP in the small intestine at d 12 was lower in birds offered the wheat-based diet compared to those fed the maize-based diet(P<0.05),with the reverse being true for water-soluble NSP(P<0.001).On average,84 g/kg crude protein,79 g/kg insoluble NSP and 9 g/kg oligosaccharides remained in the excreta at 35 d of *** this time period,accumulation of feed in the gizzard was noted for birds offered both diets,but was more pronounced in those offered the maize-based diet(P<0.001).Birds offered the maize-based diet demonstrated improved utilisation of oligosaccharides compared to those fed the wheat-based diet at both d 12 and 35(P=0.087 and P=0.047,respectively).Protein utilisation in the jejunum and ileum was greater in birds offered the wheat-based diet compared to those fed the maize-based diet(P=0.004 and P<0.001,respectively).Thus,while both diets supported standard growth performance of birds,the degree and flow of nutrient disappearance along the gastrointestinal tract was influenced by cereal type and bird age.

关键词： Broiler chicken Nutrient digestibility Undigested dietary component

Non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes may improve performance when included in wheat- but not maize-based diets fed to broiler chickens under subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 54-67页

作者： Eunjoo kim Amy F.Moss Natalie K.morgan Kosar Gharib-Naseri Peter Ader Mingan Choct School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia BASF SE 68623LampertheimGermany

The present study investigated whether supplementing fibre-degrading enzymes can ameliorate the severity of subclinical necrotic enteritis(NE)in broiler chickens offered wheat-or maize-based diets.A total of 1,544 mixed-sex broiler chickens were assigned to 16 experimental treatments as a 2×2×4 factorial arrangement of *** factors were the following:NE challenge,yes or no;diet type,wheat-or maize-based;and enzyme supplementation,control(no enzyme),family 10 xylanase(XYN10),family 11 xylanase(XYN11)or b-mannanase(MAN).Each treatment was replicated 6 times,with 16 birds per replicate pen.A three-way challenge×diet type×enzyme interaction occurred for body weight at 21 d of age(P=0.025)and overall feed conversion ratio(P=0.001).In the non-challenged birds fed the wheat-based diet,supplementing MAN increased d 21 body weight compared to the *** challenged birds fed the maize-based diet,supplemental XYN11 impeded body weight and overall FCR compared to the *** offered the maize-based diet presented heavier relative gizzard weights at both 16 and 21 d of age(P<0.001)and reduced liveability(P=0.046)compared to those fed the wheatbased *** supplementation reduced ileal and jejunal digesta viscosity at 16 d of age only in birds fed the wheat-based diet(P<0.001).XYN11 increased ileal digesta viscosity in birds fed the maizebased diet,and MAN reduced it in birds fed the wheat-based diet at 21 d of age(P=0.030).Supplementing XYN11 improved ileal soluble non-starch polysaccharides(NSP)digestibility in birds fed the wheat-based diet compared to non-supplemented birds(P<0.001).Birds fed the wheat-based diet displayed a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceae and butyric acid in the caeca at 16 d of age compared to birds fed the maize-based diet(P<0.05).In conclusion,supplemental XYN11 exacerbated the negative impact of NE on growth performance in birds fed the maizebased *** wheat-based diets with

关键词： Broiler chicken Carbohydrase Mannanase Necrotic enteritis Prebiotic oligosaccharides Xylanase

Ileal profile of non-starch polysaccharides and oligosaccharides in response to exogenous enzymes in broiler chickens offered wheat-or maize-based diets under subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 207-215页

The present study evaluated the impacts of fibre-degrading enzymes on the profiles of non-starch polysaccharides(NSP)and oligosaccharides(OS)in the ileum of broiler chickens offered wheat-or maize-based diets under subclinical necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.A 224 factorial arrangement of treatments was *** were the following:NE challenge,no or yes;diet type,wheat-or maizebased;and supplemental enzymes,control(no enzyme),family 10 xylanase(XYN10),family 11 xylanase(XYN11)or b-mannanase(MAN).Birds in the challenged group were inoculated with Eimeria on d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d 14 and 15.A 3-way interaction(P=0.047)occurred on overall(d 0 to 16)weight *** NE was present,all the supplemental enzymes increased weight gain in birds fed the wheat-based diet;whereas in those fed the maize-based diet supplemental XYN10 and XYN11 decreased weight *** NE was absent,birds fed the wheat-based diet supplemented with XYN10 or MAN presented increased weight gain compared to non-supplemented birds,but no improvements with enzyme addition were observed in birds fed the maize-based diet.A 3-way interaction(P=0.002)was observed on insoluble NSP level in the *** NE was absent,all the supplemental enzymes reduced the ileal level of insoluble NSP,regardless of diet *** the challenged birds,supplementing XYN10 and MAN reduced insoluble NSP level in the ileum,but only in birds fed the wheat-based *** soluble NSP level was reduced by supplemental XYN11 and MAN,but only in birds fed the wheatbased diet,resulting in a 2-way diet typeenzyme interaction(P<0.001).Ileal OS arabinose(P=0.030)level was highest in birds offered the wheat-based diet supplemented with ***,supplementation of NSP-degrading enzymes to the wheat-based diet enhanced bird performance regardless of NE challenge,with XYN11 significantly increasing oligosaccharide ***,enzyme addition did not improve growth performance in birds fed maize-based diet

关键词： Broiler chicken Non-starch polysaccharide Subclinical necrotic enteritis Oligosaccharide

Prime time for base editing in the mitochondria

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2630-2631页

作者： Michael A.morgan Lucas Lange Axel Schambach Institute of Experimental Hematology Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany REBIRTH Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Division of Hematology/Oncology Boston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

A recent study published in Cell by the kim lab represents a great advance towards expanding DNA editing possibilities to mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)as they show reasonable targeted A-to-G conversions in human mtDNA using base editors to broaden the arsenal of available tools.1 Mutations in mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)are linked to several diseases(Fig.1),thus,development of gene therapy and editing approaches could lead to curative options for patients suffering from these *** this direction,gene editing tools such as zinc-finger nucleases(mitoZFN),transcription activator-like effector nucleases(mitoTALENs)and meganucleases(mitoARCUS)were shown to eliminate mutant mtDNA and shift heteroplasmy.

关键词： diseases base curative

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不容错过——让你毛骨悚然的6部鬼片

疯狂英语（初中天地） 2007年第10期 10-13页

作者： kim morgan 在浠

每年一到万圣节,美国电影市场总会出现几部恐怖片(如《电锯惊魂》系列),挑战我们脆弱的神经。为什么有人热衷于这些看得人心惊胆战的电影?原因可能正如作者所说——我们都希望被吓倒。在忙碌、沉闷的生活中,从电影世界里寻求一点点刺激... 详细信息

每年一到万圣节,美国电影市场总会出现几部恐怖片(如《电锯惊魂》系列),挑战我们脆弱的神经。为什么有人热衷于这些看得人心惊胆战的电影?原因可能正如作者所说——我们都希望被吓倒。在忙碌、沉闷的生活中,从电影世界里寻求一点点刺激也无可厚非,这道理就和人们爱坐过山车差不多。下面,我们选了6部好莱坞经典鬼片,带你进入一个诡异的领域。(小编敬告:胆小者要小心哦!)

关键词：恐怖片萨瑟兰克里斯蒂

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五大银幕杀手

海外英语 2003年第11期 12-页

作者： kim morgan 李瑞奇

　　*** morgan-"The Ring"　　Like evll nlovle children before her(The Village of the Damned,The Bad Seed,The Exorcist),little Samara morgan is one bad apple Sure,at first you think she's a victim-those sad,lost eyes,all thatlong stringy black hair,the freaky(怪诞的),oppressive mom-but asthe film progresses,you realize she's simply evil incarnate(化身的)Hell,she can walk out of your TV(couch potatoes beware)to scare you,literally,to death!Re-made from the Japanese film Ringu,Gore Verbinski's The Ring utilized the doubly frightening concept of young,unexplainable evil and death via voyeurism On top ofthat,you have to help Samara make copies of her creation if you want to live Awww,how cute.……

关键词：银幕

美国现代主义:重现玛莎·格莱姆遗失的《至高的手势》(1935)

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北京舞蹈学院学报 2016年第6期 88-90页

作者：金.琼斯张延杰北京舞蹈学院人文学院北京100081

在缺乏舞谱、乐谱及见证观众的情况下,本文作者运用舞蹈史的方法重现玛莎·格莱姆1935年首演的《至高的手势》(Imperial Gesture)。在本文中,作者把这部作品放置在动荡的20世纪30年代的大背景之下,将其看作格莱姆作为一个艺术家和普通... 详细信息

在缺乏舞谱、乐谱及见证观众的情况下,本文作者运用舞蹈史的方法重现玛莎·格莱姆1935年首演的《至高的手势》(Imperial Gesture)。在本文中,作者把这部作品放置在动荡的20世纪30年代的大背景之下,将其看作格莱姆作为一个艺术家和普通公民的自身经验的回应,这种回应源自政治上的驱动。作者以此为基础,探讨了重现格莱姆这部独舞作品的过程。此外,作者还参考当时评论界的评价和观察,讨论了三十年代玛莎·格莱姆美学实践方面的转向。作者还讨论了与玛莎·格莱姆合作的芭芭拉·摩根(Barbara morgan),她为《至高的手势》拍摄了三十二幅照片,成为作者最重要的资料来源。最后,作者还描述了用于研究和重建这部作品的跨学科方法——多位艺术家、多个视角和专业方向之间的合作。

关键词：玛莎·格莱姆《至高的手势》现代主义

用MR扩散加权成像评价新型凋亡诱导的抗DR-5抗体对异种移植乳腺肿瘤的早期治疗效果

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国际医学放射学杂志 2008年第A6期31卷 486-486页

作者： H.kim D.E.morgan W.E.Grizzle J.M.Warram C.R.Stockard 冯洁玲 Department of Radiology University of Alabama at Birmingham1530 3rd Ave SBDB 11BirminghamAL 35294USA.

目的应用MR扩散加权成像评价小鼠乳腺癌模型中应用新型凋亡诱导抗体TRA-8进行治疗的早期治疗反应。方法该动物实验已获得动物实验伦理委员会批准。

关键词：扩散加权成像 DR-5 凋亡诱导异种移植小鼠乳腺癌伦理委员会动物实验早期治疗效果表观扩散