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Ezetimibe improves hepatic steatosis in relation to autophagy in obese and diabetic rats

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第25期21卷 7754-7763页

作者： Eugene Chang Lisa kim Se Eun Park Eun-Jung Rhee won-Young Lee ki-won oh Sung-Woo Park Cheol-Young Park Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management Ewha Womans University Diabetes Research Institute Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate whether ezetimibe ameliorates hepatic steatosis and induces autophagy in a rat model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: Male age-matched lean control LETO and obese and diabetic OLETF rats were administered either PBS or ezetimibe(10 mg/kg per day) via stomach gavage for 20 wk. Changes in weight gain and energy intake were regularly monitored. Blood and liver tissue were harvested after overnight fasting at the end of study. Histological assessment was performed in liver tissue. The concentrations of glucose, insulin, triglycerides(TG), free fatty acids(FFA), and total cholesterol(TC) in blood and TG, FFA, and TG in livertissue were measured. m RNA and protein abundance involved in autophagy was analyzed in the liver. To investigate the effect of ezetimibe on autophagy and reduction in hepatic fat accumulation, human Huh7 hepatocytes were incubated with ezetimibe(10 μmol/L) together with or without palmitic acid(PA, 0.5 mmol/L, 24 h). Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was employed to demonstrate effect of ezetimibe on autophagy formation. Autophagic flux was measured with bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of autophagy and following immunoblotting for autophagy-related protein ***: In the OLETF rats that received ezetimibe(10 mg/kg per day), liver weight were significantly decreased by 20% compared to OLETF control rats without changes in food intake and body weight(P < 0.05). Lipid parameters including TG, FFA, and TC in liver tissue of ezetimibe-administrated OLETF rats were dramatically decreased at least by 30% compared to OLETF controls(P < 0.01). The serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and lipid profiles were also improved by ezetimibe(P < 0.05). In addition, autophagy-related m RNA expression including ATG5, ATG6, and ATG7 and the protein level of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3) were significantly increased in the liver in rats that received ezetimibe(P < 0.05). Likewise, for hepatocytes cultured in vitro,

关键词： Autophagy Ezetimibe Hepatic steatosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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Stoichiometric Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)Coating for Inhibiting Dendrite Growth in Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 153-162页

作者： Xiangrong Zeng Manmatha Mahato Woong oh Hyunjoon Yoo Van Hiep Nguyen Saewoong oh Geetha Valurouthu Soon-ki Jeong Chi won Ahn Yury Gogotsi Il-Kwon oh National Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Korea Department of Materials Science&Engineering and A.J.Drexel Nanomaterials InstituteDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Department of Energy Engineering Soonchunhyang University22Soonchunhyang-roSinchang-myeonAsan-siChungcheongnam-do 31538Korea National Nanofab Center(NNFC) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34141Korea

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)and anode-free LMBs(AFLMBs)present a solution to the need for batteries with a significantly superior theoretical energy ***,their adoption is hindered by low Coulombic efficiency(CE)and rapid capacity fading,primarily due to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer and Li dendrite growth as a result of uneven Li ***,we report on the use of a stoichiometric Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x))MXene coating on the copper current collector to enhance the cyclic stability of an anode-free lithium metal *** S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)coating provides abundant nucleation sites,thereby lowering the overpotential for Li nucleation,and promoting uniform Li ***,the fluorine(-F)termination of S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)participates in the SEI formation,producing a LiF-rich SEI layer,vital for stabilizing the SEI and improving cycle *** equipped with S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@Cu current collectors displayed reduced Li consumption during stable SEI formation,resulting in a significant decrease in capacity *** with S-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@Cu current collectors achieved a high initial capacity density of 4.2 mAh cm^(-2),70.9%capacity retention after 50 cycles,and an average CE of 98.19%in 100 *** innovative application of MXenes in the energy field offers a promising strategy to enhance the performance of AFLMBs and could potentially accelerate their commercial adoption.

关键词： anode-free lithium metal batteries stoichiometric MXene solid electrolyte interphase surface terminations

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Density functional theory study on the role of ternary alloying elements in TiFe-based hydrogen storage alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第33期92卷 148-158页

作者： won-Seok Ko ki Beom Park Hyung-ki Park School of Materials Science and Engineering University of UlsanUlsan 44610Republic of Korea Functional Materials and Components R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyGangneung 25440Republic of Korea

The role of additional ternary alloying elements on the performance of stationary TiFe-based hydrogen storage alloys was investigated based on first-principles density functional theory *** a basic step for examinations,the site preference of each alloying element in the stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric B2TiFe compounds was clarified considering possible antisite *** on the revealed site preference,the effect of various possible ternary elements on the hydrogen storage was examined by focusing on the formation enthalpies of TiFeH and TiFeH_(2) hydrides,which were closely related to the change in the location of plateaus in the pressure-composition-temperature *** physical properties such as the volume expansion due to hydride formation were also examined to provide additional criteria for selecting optimum alloying conditions in future alloying design *** alloying elements that maximize the grain boundary embrittlement due to the solute segregation were proposed for the enhanced initial activation of TiFe-based hydrogen storage alloys.

关键词： Hydrogen storage alloy Titanium-iron Density functional theory calculation Metallic hydride

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Performance Evaluation of Composite Electrolyte with GQD for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 55-66页

作者： Sung won Hwang Dae-ki Hong Department of System Semiconductor Engineering SangMyung UniversityCheonan-si31066Korea

The use a stabilized lithium structure as cathode material for batteries could be a fundamental alternative in the development of next-generation energy storage ***,the lithium structure severely limits battery life causes safety concerns due to the growth of lithium(Li)dendrites during rapid charge/discharge *** electrolytes,which are used in highdensity energy storage devices and avoid the instability of liquid electrolytes,can be a promising alternative for next-generation ***,poor lithium ion conductivity and structural defects at room temperature have been pointed out as *** this study,through the application of a low-dimensional graphene quantum dot(GQD)layer structure,stable operation characteristics were demonstrated based on Li^(+)ion conductivity and excellent electrochemical ***,the device based on the modified graphene quantum dots(GQDs)in solid state exhibited retention properties of 95.3%for 100 cycles at 0.5 C and room temperature(RT).Transmission electronmicroscopy analysis was performed to elucidate the Li^(+)ion action mechanism in the modified GQD/electrolyte *** low-dimensional structure of theGQD-based solid electrolyte has provided an important strategy for stably-scalable solid-state lithium battery applications at room *** was demonstrated that lithiated graphene quantum dots(Li-GQDs)inhibit the growth of Li dendrites by regulating the modified Li^(+)ion flux during charge/discharge cycling at current densities of 2.2–5.5 mA cm,acting as a modified Li diffusion heterointerface.A full Li GQDbased device was fabricated to demonstrate the practicality of the modified Li structure using the Li–GQD *** study indicates that the low-dimensional carbon structure in Li–GQDs can be an effective approach for stabilization of solid-state Li matrix architecture.

关键词： Solid-state lithium batteries composite electrolyte quantum dot graphene

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Flexible Memristive Devices Based on Graphene Quantum-Dot Nanocomposites

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3283-3297页

作者： Sung won Hwang Dae-ki Hong Department of System Semiconductor Engineering SangMyung UniversityCheonan-si31066Korea

Artificial neural networks(ANNs)are attracting attention for their high performance in various fields,because increasing the network size improves its *** large-scale neural networks are difficult to implement on custom hardware,a two-dimensional(2D)structure is applied to an ANN in the form of a *** demonstrate a synapse crossbar device from recent research by applying a memristive system to neuromorphic *** system is designed using two-dimensional structures,graphene quantum dots(GQDs)and graphene oxide(GO).Raman spectrum analysis results indicate a D-band of 1421 cm^(−1) that occurs in the disorder;band is expressed as an atomic characteristic of carbon in the sp2 hybridized *** is also a G-band of 1518 cm^(−1) that corresponds to the graphite *** G bands measured for RGO-GQDs present significant GQD edge-dependent shifts with *** avoid an abruptly-formed conduction path,effect of barrier layer on graphene/ITO interface was *** confirmed the variation in the nanostructure in the RGO-GQD layers by analyzing them using *** applying a negative bias to the electrode,a crystalline RGO-GQD region formed,which a conductive ***,a synaptic array for a neuromorphic chip with GQDs applied was demonstrated using a crossbar array.

关键词： Memristive devices neuromorphic chip resistive RAM quantum dot graphene

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In?uence of Carbon Equivalent Value on the Weld Bead Bending Properties of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Plates

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第4期33卷 321-329页

作者： ki Hyuk kim In Jun Moon ki won kim ki Bong Kang Byung Gyu Park Kwang Seok Lee R&D Center of Dongkuk Steel Mill Co. Ltd Pohang 790-729 South Korea Korea Institute of Materials Science Implementation Research Division Materials Deformation Department 797 Changwondaero Changwon Gyeongnarn642-831 South Korea

The contribution of chemical compositions in terms of carbon equivalent value（CEV） on impending crack propagation during weld bead bend tests（WBBTs） was studied with five different high-strength lowalloy steel plates that underwent different rolling processes. The test showed that cracks developed at the weld joint, easily passed through the coarse-grain heat-affected zone（CGHAZ）, and finally were arrested within the heat-affected zone（HAZ）. An apparent decrease in the average crack length, which consequently indicated improvement in crack arrestability, was found with decreasing CEV. In addition,the relatively fine microstructure in the HAZ of low-CEV steel plates helped in preventing the crack from further propagation. Special emphasis was placed on the empirical expectation of critical CEV above which WBBT might fail.

关键词： Mechanical characterization Steel Welding Fracture Crack arrestability against bending

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Fault area estimation using traveling wave for wide area protection

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2016年第3期4卷 478-486页

作者： Jae-won LEE won-ki kiM Joon HAN won-Hyeok JANG Chul-Hwan kiM Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Daewoo Shipbuilding&Marine Engineering Co. Ltd.GeojeRepublic of Korea Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignILUSA

As the increasing number of Phasor Measurement Units(PMUs) are deployed, wide area protection in power systems has been gaining interest. In particular, fault detection, fault classification and fault area estimation are essential to reduce the damage of faults, and even prevent catastrophic cascades of failures. In this paper, we present a scheme for fault area estimation using PMUs and traveling wave theory. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a scheme for fault area estimation by calculating the approximate fault location based on traveling wave *** research has targeted at reliable operation of wide transmission system through the estimation of fault *** verify the suggested scheme, the various simulations are performed in practical Korean power transmission *** simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a good performance with high accuracy for estimating fault area.

关键词： Fault area estimation Phasor measurement unit(PMU) Transmission line system Traveling wave Wide area protection

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Differential diagnosis and treatment of foot drop caused by an extraneural ganglion cyst above the knee:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第21期10卷 7539-7544页

作者： ki Hong won Eun Young Kang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Kwangju Christian HospitalGwangju 61661South Korea

BACKGROUND One of the causes of foot drop is compression of the common peroneal nerve caused by space-occupying lesions such as a synovial cyst or a ganglion *** previous reports have involved compressive common peroneal neuropathy by intraneural ganglion cysts and synovial *** of the peroneal nerve by extraneural ganglion cysts is *** report a rare case of compressive common peroneal neuropathy by an extraneural ganglion *** SUMMARY A 46-year-old man was hospitalized after he reported a right foot drop for 1 *** muscle testing revealed scores of 1/5 on dorsiflexion of the right *** and paresthesia on the right lateral leg and foot dorsum were *** was diagnosed with a popliteal cyst by using electrophysiologic study and popliteal ultrasound(US).To facilitate common peroneal nerve(CPN)decompression,2 cc of sticky gelatinous material was aspirated from the cyst under US *** stimulation and passive and assisted active ROM exercises of the right ankle and strengthening exercises for weak muscles using elastic band were prescribed based on the change of muscle power.A posterior leaf spring ankle-foot orthosis was prescribed to assist the weak dorsiflexion of the ***-up US revealed that the cystic lesion was growing and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated compression of the CPN by the cystic *** cyst was resected to prevent impending compression of the *** Precise diagnosis and immediate treatment are important in cases of compressive common peroneal neuropathy caused by an extraneural cyst.

关键词： Foot drop Extranueral ganglion cyst Common peroneal neuropathy Popliteal ultrasound Electrodiagnostic study Cystectomy Case report

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Integration of omics studies indicates that species-dependent molecular mechanisms govern male fertility

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1026-1039页

作者： Yoo-Jin Park won-ki Pang Myung-Geol Pang Department of Animal Science&Technology and BET Research Institute Chung-Ang UniversityAnseongGyeonggi‑do17546Republic of Korea

Background Comparative and comprehensive omics studies have recently been conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying ***,because these huge omics datasets often contain irrelevant information,editing strategies for summarizing and filtering the data are necessary prerequisite steps for identifying biomarkers of male ***,we attempted to integrate omics data from spermatozoa with normal and below-normal fertility from boars and bulls,including transcriptomic,proteomic,and metabolomic *** enrichment analysis was conducted and visualized using g:Profiler,Cytoscape,EnrichmentMap,and AutoAnnotation to determine fertility-related biological functions according to *** In particular,gamete production and protein biogenesis-associated pathways were enriched in bull spermatozoa with below-normal fertility,whereas mitochondrial-associated metabolic pathways were enriched in boar spermatozoa with normal *** results indicate that below-normal fertility may be determined by aberrant regulation of protein synthesis during spermatogenesis,and the modulation of reactive oxygen species generation to maintain capacitation and the acrosome reaction governs boar sperm *** Overall,this approach demonstrated that distinct molecular pathways drive sperm fertility in mammals in a species-dependent ***,we anticipate that searching for species-specific signaling pathways may aid in the discovery of fertility-related biomarkers within large omics datasets.

关键词： Integrated signaling pathways Male fertility Metabolomics Proteomics Spermatozoa transcriptomics

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Appropriate empirical antibiotic use and 30-d mortality in cirrhotic patients with bacteremia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3587-3592页

作者： Hyun Park ki Jun Jang won Jang Sang Hoon Park Ji Young Park Tae Joo Jeon Tae Hoon oh won Chang Shin won-Choong Choi Dong Hyun Sinn Department of Internal Medicine Sanggye Paik Hospital Inje University Department of Medicine Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

AIM: To analyze whether prompt and appropriate empirical antibiotic(AEA) use is associated with mortality in cirrhotic patients with bacteremia. METHODS: A total of 102 episodes of bacteremia in 72 patients with cirrhosis were analyzed. AEA was defined as a using or starting an antibiotic appropriate to the isolated pathogen at the time of bacteremia. The primary endpoint was 30-d mortality. RESULTS: The mortality rate at 30 d was 30.4%(31/102 episodes). Use of AEA was associated with better survival at 30 d(76.5% vs 46.9%, P = 0.05), and inappropriate empirical antibiotic(IEA) use was an independent factor associated with increased mortality(OR = 3.24; 95%CI: 1.50-7.00; P = 0.003, adjusted for age, sex, ChildPugh Class, gastrointestinal bleeding, presence of septic shock). IEA use was more frequent when the isolated pathogen was a multiresistant pathogen, and when infection was healthcare-related or hospital-acquired. CONCLUSION: AEA use was associated with increased survival of cirrhotic patients who developed bacteremia. Strategies for AEA use, tailored according to the local epidemiological patterns, are needed to improve survival of cirrhotic patients with bacteremia.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Bacteremia Appropriate antibiotics

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