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Inhibitory Mechanisms of Water Extract of Oplopanax elatus on Lipopolysaccharide-lnduced Inflammatory Responses in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage Cells

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第9期26卷 670-676页

作者： ki sun kwon Hyun Lim Yong Soo kwon Myong Jo kim Ji Hye Yoo Nam Ho Yoo Hyun Pyo kim College of Pharmacy Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea Department of Bio-Resource Sciences Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon(24341)Republic of Korea

Objective:To study the anti-inflammatory action and cellular mechanism of Oplopanax ***:A hot water extract of OE(WOE)was prepared and a major constituent,syringin,was successfully *** content in WOE was found to be 214.0 p.g/g dried plant(w/w).Their anti-inflammatory activities were examined using RAW 264.7 macrophages and a mouse model of croton oil-induced ear ***:In lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells,a mouse macrophage cell line,WOE was found to significantly and strongly inhibit cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)-induced prostaglandin E2(PGE2)production[half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)=135.2μg/mL]and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)-induced NO production(IC50=242.9μg/mL).In the same condition,WOE was revealed to inhibit NO production by downregulating iNOS expression,mainly by interrupting mitogen activated protein kinases(MAPKs)/activator protein-1(AP-1)*** activation of all three major MAPKs,p38 MAPK,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and c-Jun N-terminal kinase,was inhibited by WOE(50-300μg/mL).On the other hand,WOE reduced PGE2 production by inhibiting COX-2 enzyme activity,but did not affect COX-2 expression *** addition,WOE inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α.In croton oil-induced ear edema in mice,oral administration of WOE(50-300 mg/kg)dose-dependently inhibited edematic ***:Water extract of OE exhibited multiple anti-inflammatory action mechanisms and may have potential for treating inflammatory disorders.

关键词： Oplopanax elatus Chinese medicine stem syringin anti-inflammation RAW 264.7

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Towards high-performance and robust anion exchange membranes(AEMs)for water electrolysis:Super-acid-catalyzed synthesis of AEMs

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 478-510,I0012页

作者： Geun Woong Ryoo sun Hwa Park ki Chang kwon Jong Hun Kang Ho Won Jang Min Sang kwon Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM)Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical ProcessSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Applied Measurement Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The increasing demand for hydrogen energy to address environmental issues and achieve carbon neutrality has elevated interest in green hydrogen production,which does not rely on fossil *** various hydrogen production technologies,anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE)has emerged as a next-generation technology known for its high hydrogen production efficiency and its ability to use non-metal ***,this technology faces significant challenges,particularly in terms of the membrane durability and low ionic *** address these challenges,research efforts have focused on developing membranes with a new backbone structure and anion exchange groups to enhance durability and ionic ***,the super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)synthesis method stands out due to its user convenience,the ability to create high molecular weight(MW)polymers,and the use of oxygen-tolerant organic *** the synthesis of anion exchange membranes(AEMs)using the SACC method began in 2015,and despite growing interest in this synthesis approach,there remains a scarcity of review papers focusing on AEMs synthesized using the SACC *** review covers the basics of SACC synthesis,presents various polymers synthesized using this method,and summarizes the development of these polymers,particularly their building blocks including aryl,ketone,and anion exchange *** systematically describe the effects of changes in the molecular structure of each polymer component,conducted by various research groups,on the mechanical properties,conductivity,and operational stability of the *** review will provide insights into the development of AEMs with superior performance and operational stability suitable for water electrolysis applications.

关键词： Green hydrogen production Water electrolysis Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE) Anion exchange membranes(AEMs) Super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)

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Integrated bound-state-in-the-continuum photon-pair source

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1322-1327页

作者： FAN YE YUE QIN CHENFEI CUI XIANKAI sun HON ki TSANG Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Integrated photon-pair sources based on spontaneous parametric down conversion(SPDC)in novel high-χ^((2))materials are used in quantum photonic systems for quantum information processing,quantum metrology,and quantum ***,the need for extensive fabrication process development and optimization of dry-etching processes significantly impedes the rapid exploration of different material platforms for low-loss quantum photonic ***,bound states in the continuum(BICs)have emerged as a promising approach for realizing ultralow-loss integrated photonic circuits without requiring an etching *** realizations of BIC photonic circuits have,however,been limited primarily to the classical ***,we explore the BIC phenomena in the quantum regime and show that the etchless BIC platform is suitable for use in integrated entangled photon-pair sources based on the SPDC process in high-χ^((2))*** lithium niobate as an example,we demonstrate photon-pair generation at telecommunication wavelengths,attaining a maximum internal generation rate of 3.46 MHz,a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of 5773,and an experimental two‐photon interference visibility of 94%.Our results demonstrate that the BIC platform can be used for quantum photonic circuits,and this will enable the rapid exploration of different emergingχ^((2))materials for possible use in integrated quantum photonics in the future.

关键词： process quantum continuum

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A Bioprocessed Black Rice Bran Glutathione-Enriched Yeast Extract Protects Rats and Mice against Alcohol-Induced Hangovers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 223-238页

作者： sung Phil kim Ju Ryeong Lee ki sun kwon Yeo Jin Jang Jeanman kim Keun Hyung Yu sun Yeop Lee Mendel Friedman STR Biotech Co. Ltd. Chuncheon Republic of Korea Department of Technical Development Chuncheon Bioindustry Foundation Chuncheon Republic of Korea Western Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Service U.S. Department of Agriculture Albany CA USA

Human and animal alcohol-induced hangovers are caused by adverse effects of acetaldehyde formed in vivo by the enzymatic oxidation of ethyl alcohol to acetaldehyde. This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of a bioprocessed black rice bran (BRB-F) and glutathione-enriched yeast extract (GEYE) on hangovers as tested in rats and mice. Because analysis by HPLC showed that the content of the biologically active rice bran compound γ-oryzanol as well as of the antioxidant reduced glutathione were unaffected during the preparation of tablets containing 100 mg/kg of the bran formulation, the tablets were then administered orally to rats. The results showed decreased blood concentrations of both alcohol and acetaldehyde compared to the control group. Additional behavior experiments using the Rota-rod and wire tests in mice confirmed that the food formulation relieved hangover behavior caused by alcohol. It seems that the combination of BRB-F and GEYE can effectively control hangovers in rodents caused by alcohol intake. Mechanistic aspects of the hangover and anti-hangover effects of alcohol-derived acetaldehyde are similar to browning-type reactions between the aldehyde group of glucose and proteins, the antibiotic effects of cinnamaldehyde against pathogenic bacteria, the adverse effects of the heat-induced food toxin acrylamide, and the alkali-induced formation of the unnatural amino acid lysinoalanine.

关键词： Alcohol Acetaldehyde Hangover Inhibition Black Rice Bran Rodents Mechanisms

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Bioprocessed Black Rice Bran Potentiates the Growth Inhibitory Activity of an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor against Murine Colon Carcinoma

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1149-1171页

作者： Kyung Hee Lee ki sun kwon Woon Sang Hwang Wha Young Lee Jeanman kim Sang Jong Lee sung Phil kim Mendel Friedman STR Biotech Co. Ltd. Chuncheon Republic of Korea U.S. Department of Agriculture Western Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Service Albany CA USA

This study determined the effect of orally fed polysaccharide-rich bioprocessed (fermented) black rice bran produced by culturing with shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushroom mycelium on CT-26 colon cancer cells in vivo in an intracutaneously transplanted mouse tumor alone and in combination with intraperitoneally administered anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. Analysis of the isolated tumor weights at the end of the study shows that the average tumor size in control mice is 3.78 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody is 2.16 grams. The average tumor size in mice treated with BRB-F alone is 2.25 grams, and the average tumor size in mice treated with anti-PD-1 antibody BRB-F combination is 1.38 grams. Thus, BRB-F or anti-PD-1 antibody alone each reduce tumor size by 40.5% or 42.9%, whereas the combination of BRB-F and anti-PD-1 antibody reduces tumor size by 63.5%, with their cooperative effect being statistically significant. The observed anti-tumor effects were accompanied by a series of biomarkers associated with cancer formation and inhibition. These results indicate that the reported potentiation of cancer therapy using drug-based medical chemotherapies with added checkpoint inhibitors in human patients are mechanistically similar with the functional food evaluated in the present study. These beneficial effects in mice challenge clinicians to investigate if the black rice bran food product can also protect against human cancer.

关键词： Black Rice Bran Mushroom Mycelia Bioprocessing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Mice Tumor Regression Cancer Prevention Biomarkers Mechanism Research Needs

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Stoichiometric Ti3C2Tx Coating for Inhibiting Dendrite Growth in Anode-Free Lithium Metal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 153-162页

作者： Xiangrong Zeng Manmatha Mahato Woong Oh Hyunjoon Yoo Van Hiep Nguyen Saewoong Oh Geetha Valurouthu Soon-ki Jeong Chi Won Ahn Yury Gogotsi Il-kwon Oh National Creative Research Initiative for Functionally Antagonistic Nano-Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Department of Materials Science & Engineering and A. J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute Drexel University Department of Energy Engineering Soonchunhyang University National Nanofab Center (NNFC) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) and anode-free LMBs (AFLMBs) present a solution to the need for batteries with a significantly superior theoretical energy ***,their adoption is hindered by low Coulombic efficiency (CE) and rapid capacity fading,primarily due to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer and Li dendrite growth as a result of uneven Li plating.

关键词： anode-free lithium metal batteries stoichiometric MXene solid electrolyte interphase surface terminations

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Protection of Allergic Asthma in Mice by Black Rice Bran Bioprocessed with Shiitake Mushroom Mycelia

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第4期14卷 341-368页

作者： ki sun kwon Woon Sang Hwang Kyung Hee Lee Kyung Jin kim Wha Young Lee Jeanman kim Sang Jong Lee sung Phil kim Mendel Friedman STR Biotech Co. Ltd. Chuncheon Republic of Korea U.S. Department of Agriculture Western Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Services Albany CA USA

We evaluated the potential of orally fed new food formulations to inhibit biomarkers reported to be involved in the causes of allergic asthma in mice. Asthma, a serious non-communicable disease, affects both adults and children and can be undertreated. New functional foods could provide therapeutic approaches. Here, the anti-asthma mechanism of a new functional food and three isolated fractions produced by bioprocessing black rice bran with shiitake mushroom mycelia was evaluated in mast cells, B cells, and orally fed mice and compared with non-bioprocessed black rice bran. In vitro, the treatments inhibited RBL-2H3 cell degranulation and immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. The in vitro anti-asthma effects were confirmed in orally fed mice following asthma induction by alumina and chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA). The suppression of asthma resulted from the inhibition of inflammation- and immune-related substances, including OVA-specific IgE, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, eotaxin, leukotriene C4, prostaglandin D2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. The treatment also reversed the thickening of the lung airway wall. The inflammation and asthma inhibition seems to be regulated by the balance of the T-helper cells’ Th1/Th2 immune response and the inhibition of multiple biomarkers associated with the cause of asthma. Future human clinical studies with adults and children should determine the potential therapeutic value of the anti-asthma effects of the new functional foods.

关键词： Black Rice Bran Shiitake Mushrooms Bioprocessed Functional Food Mast Cells Mice Feeding Studies Bioassays Cytokines Immunoglobulins Bronchial Lavage Fluid Histology Anti-Inflammatory Effect Asthma Prevention Research Needs

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Astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression impairs learning and memory ability in ischemic stroke via altered hippocampal neurogenesis and lipid metabolism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 650-656页

作者： Jie Li Wen Jiang Yuefang Cai Zhenqiu Ning Yingying Zhou Chengyi Wang Sookja ki Chung Yan Huang Jingbo sun Minzhen Deng Lihua Zhou Xiao Cheng Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Anatomy Sun Yat-Sen School of MedicineSun Yat-Sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Faculty of Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao Special Administration RegionChina

Vascular etiology is the second most prevalent cause of cognitive impairment ***-1,which is produced and secreted by endothelial cells and astrocytes,is implicated in the pathogenesis of ***,the way in which changes in astrocytic endothelin-1 lead to poststroke cognitive deficits following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion is not well ***,using mice in which astrocytic endothelin-1 was overexpressed,we found that the selective overexpression of endothelin-1 by astrocytic cells led to ischemic stroke-related dementia(1 hour of ischemia;7 days,28 days,or 3 months of reperfusion).We also revealed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression contributed to the role of neural stem cell proliferation but impaired neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus after middle cerebral artery *** proteome profiles and western blot analysis confirmed that levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein and peroxiredoxin 6,which were differentially expressed in the brain,were significantly increased in mice with astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression in comparison with wild-type mice 28 days after ischemic ***,the levels of the enriched differentially expressed proteins were closely related to lipid metabolism,as indicated by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway *** chromatography-mass spectrometry nontargeted metabolite profiling of brain tissues showed that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression altered lipid metabolism products such as glycerol phosphatidylcholine,sphingomyelin,and phosphatidic ***,this study demonstrates that astrocytic endothelin-1 overexpression can impair hippocampal neurogenesis and that it is correlated with lipid metabolism in poststroke cognitive dysfunction.

关键词： astrocytic endothelin-1 dentate gyrus differentially expressed proteins hippocampus ischemic stroke learning and memory deficits lipid metabolism neural stem cells neurogenesis proliferation

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Intermittent fasting-a double edged sword for atherosclerosis

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Life Metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 9-11页

作者： Jacques Togo Hoon-ki sung Translational Medicine Program The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A8Canada

The impact of alternate-day fasting(ADF)on atherosclerosis remains poorly understood,particularly in high-risk popula*** a recent paper published in Life Metabolism,Deng et *** that ADF exacerbated both early and advanced atherosclerotic lesion development in Apoe^(-/-)mice through suppression of hepatic activating transcription factor 3(ATF3)and consequent dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism.

关键词： fasting atherosclerosis

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Changes in microorganisms and metabolites during long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Daehyeon kim Seong-Eun Park Eun-Ju kim Seung-Ho Seo Kwang-Moon Cho sun Jae kwon Hong-Seok Son Department of Biotechnology， College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology， Korea University Sonlab Inc. 3. AccuGene Inc.

This study was performed to investigate the changes in microbial communities and metabolites during the long-term fermentation of commercially manufactured anchovy sauce. Samples of commercial anchovy sauce were collected from large-scale fermentation tanks with fermentation periods of up to 7.87 years. The complex bacterial community was simplified to two genera， Tetragenococcus and Halanaerobium， after approximately 0.55 years of fermentation. Although genera， such as Saccharomyces， Cladosporium， Candida， and Aspergillus， were relatively dominant， no clear pattern was identified in fungal community analysis. The longitudinal metabolite profile demonstrated that approximately half (55.8%) of the metabolites present in anchovy sauce were produced within a year of fermentation due to rapid fermentation. Despite the static microbial community， the contents of several metabolites including amino acids and biogenic amines changed continuously during the long-term fermentation of anchovy sauce. This study provides novel insights into the changes in microbiota and metabolites in fish sauce produced without any starter inoculation.

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