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Stratigraphy and Structure of Dhamtaur Area, District Abbottabad, Eastern Hazara, Pakistan

Open Journal of Geology 2019年第1期9卷 57-66页

作者： Shamim Akhtar Yasin Rahim Bin Hu Hinyuen Tsang khawaja muhammad ibrar muhammad Fahad Ullah Saleh Ibrahim Bute Department of Earth Sciences University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Geology University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Muzaffarabad Pakistan CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China

Pre-Cambrian to Paleocene age sedimentary rocks predominantly characterize the fold and thrust belt of eastern Hazara division. The Hazara Slate Formation is the oldest rock unit which represents the Precambrian sequence. The Permian and Triassic sequences are missing. The Jurassic sequence comprises Samana Suk Formation whereas the Cretaceous exposed is Chichali and Lumshiwal formations. The Eocene sequence consists of Nammal and Sakessar formations. The structural fabric of the area is mainly attributed to a series of northwest trending parallel to en echelon anticlines and synclines. Most of these folds are found to be asymmetric and are Northwest facing. Several thrust faults verging both to the north have been mapped that generally dissect the forelimbs of the anticlinal structures. But the following study going to be focus on surface structural features as well as subsurface projections of folds and faults. Study of such structural features has get prime importance in economic geology such as petroleum geology, mining geology and engineering geology. In our study area subsurface projection of folds and faults along the structural transects of the area suggests that these structures have formed as a result of shortening associated with ramping from a regional basal decollement. All the structures clearly demonstrate that the eastern Hazara area has been subjected to compressional deformation/stresses oriented northeast southwest. The repetition of rock units indicates, folding in the area and thrusting of Pre-Cambrian Hazara Formation over younger Paleocene Lockhart Formation, evidence of thrust fault. There are unconformable contacts between Hazara and Samana Suk, Chichali and Lumshiwal, Kawagarh and Hangu and Lockhart formations indicate fluctuation in the environment of deposition. The Bagnotar Fault, Dhamtaur syncline and Thai anticline are the major structural features identified and reported in the study area.

关键词： Thrust Faults Anticlines Synclines Compressional Deformation

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and DNA Interaction Study of 3-(2-(3,5-Diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第7期34卷 1013-1018页

作者： MURTAZA Madni SHAHID Hameed muhammad Naeem Ahmed khawaja Ansar Yasin muhammad Nawaz Tahir Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University of Sargodha Department of Physics

A new compound 3-（2-（3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl）thiazol-4-yl）-2Hchromen-2-one was synthesized by cyclocondensation of 3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamide with 3-（2-bromoacetyl）-2H-chromen-2-one in ethanol at reflux for 2hrs. The compound was characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The newly synthesized compound（C27H19N3O2S） crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.2476（6）, b = 18.289（2）, c = 23.115（3） , α = 93.546（7）, β = 94.715（6）, γ = 92.347（7）°, V = 2204.3（4）3, Z = 4, Mr = 449.51, crystal size = 0.38 mm × 0.22 mm × 0.16 mm,（I 2σ（I）） = 35317, 9736, 3785, Rint = 0.081,（Δρ）max = 0.19 and（Δρ）min = –0.24 e·-3. DNA interaction studies revealed that the target compound strongly interacts with DNA through an intercalation binding mode and the binding constant of the compound is 7.45 × 104 M-1.

关键词： binding constant DNA Interaction crystal structure cyclocondensation reaction 1 3-thiazole

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One-pot Synthesis,Crystal Structures and Antimicrobial Activities of Two New 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole-4-Carboxylates

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第1期34卷 26-32页

作者： muhammad Naeem Ahmed khawaja Ansar Yasin muhammad Nawaz Tahir IFZAN Arshad MURTAZA Madni Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir University of Sargodha Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University

Two new 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles-4-carboxylates were synthesized via click reaction. Compound 1a was synthesized by the interaction of 6-nitro-tetrazolo[1.5-a]-pyridine with ethyl propynoate at room temperature in the presence of Cu（OAc）2 as a catalyst and THF as solvent. Compound 1b was also synthesized by the same manner except that tert-butyl propionate, instead of ethyl propynoate, was used. The compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1a（C10H9N5O4） crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 5.0894（9）, b = 8.9834（13）, c = 13.089（2）？, α= 83.041（7）, β= 80.256（7）, γ=87.296（8）°, V = 585.24（16）？3, Z = 2, Mr = 263.22, crystal size（mm） = 0.37 × 0.20 ×0.18,（I 〉 2σ（I）） = 8557, 2493, 1229, Rint = 0.057. Compound 1b（C12H13N5O4） crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 6.8854（5）, b = 21.783（2）, c = 9.3986（8）？,β = 93.239（4）°, V = 1407.4（2）？3, Z = 4, Mr = 291.27, crystal size（mm） = 0.38 × 0.22 × 0.20,（I 〉 2σ（I）） = 11842, 3172, 1866, Rint = 0.047. Antimicrobial assay results showed that the title compounds display excellent activities to different bacterial and fungal strains.

关键词： click reaction triazoles crystal structure antimicrobial activity

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Effect of 2,4-D on Seedling Physiology and Cytogenetical Studies in Triticum aestivum and Phalaris minor (Gramineae)

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云南植物研究 2006年第4期28卷 394-398页

作者： muhammad Rashid Khan khawaja muhammad Aslam Department of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad Department of Botany Azad Jammu and Kashmir UniversityMuzaffarabadA.K

Effects of 2,4-D on seedling growth and chromosomal abnormalities were studied in Triticum aestivum and Phalaris *** were soaked at different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.01%,0.1%,1.0%) for 4,8,12 and 16 hours.2,4-D suppressed the germination more severely in *** than in *** and root length was retarded with the increase of concentration and time of treatment in both *** radical was more negatively affected than coleoptile and emergence of radical was not observed at 1.0% concentration at 8,12,and 16 hours of treatment in *** while in *** there was a total lack of radical emergence at 1.0% concentration for all durations of *** and curled roots and undifferentiated callus like scutellar tissues were observed in ***,while in *** the coleoptile obtained was lean,pale green in colour and was lying flat on filter *** index decreased,while chromosomal abnormalities,bridges and laggards were increased with the increase of concentration and soaking time however,laggards were not observed in *** and chain formation of chromosomes at metaphase was also noticed in ***.

关键词：小麦属植物 2,4-D 幼苗生长染色体异常细胞遗传学

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High glucose microenvironment and human mesenchymal stem cell behavior

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 237-244页

作者： muhammad Abdul Mateen Nouralsalhin Alaagib khawaja Husnain Haider Basic Sciences Sulaiman AlRajhi UniversityAlQaseem 52736Saudi Arabia Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Sulaiman AlRajhi Medical SchoolAl Bukairiyah 51941Saudi Arabia

High glucose(HG)culture conditions in vitro and persistent exposure to hyperglycemia in diabetes patients are detrimental to stem cells,analogous to any other cell type in our *** interferes with diverse signaling pathways,*** target of rapamycin(mTOR)-phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-Akt signaling,to impact physiological cellular functions,leading to low cell survival and higher cell apoptosis *** elucidating the underlying mechanism responsible for the apoptosis of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),a recent study has shown that HG culture conditions dysregulate mTORPI3K-Akt signaling in addition to mitochondrial malfunctioning due to defective mitochondrial membrane potential(MtMP)that lowers ATP *** organelle-level dysfunction energy-starves the cells and increases oxidative stress and ultrastructural *** of the mitochondrial electron transport chain produces an altered mitochondrial NAD+/NADH redox state as evidenced by a low NAD+/NADH ratio that primarily contributes to the reduced cell survival in *** previous studies have also reported altered mitochondrial membrane polarity(causing hyperpolarization)and reduced mitochondrial cell mass,leading to perturbed mitochondrial *** hostile microenvironment created by HG exposure creates structural and functional changes in the mitochondria,altering their bioenergetics and reducing their capacity to produce *** are significant data,as MSCs are extensively studied for tissue regeneration and restoring their normal functioning in cell-based ***,MSCs from hyperglycemic donors should be cautiously used in clinical settings for cell-based therapy due to concerns of their poor sur-vival rates and increased rates of post engraftment *** hypergly-cemia alters the bioenergetics of donor MSCs,rectifying the loss of MtMP may be an excellent target for future research to restore the normal functioning of MSCs i

关键词： Adipose tissue Apoptosis Bioenergetics Cell survival Cell therapy Hyperglycemia Mitochondria Mesenchymal stem cells Stem cells

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Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethyl 2-(1-cyclohexyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-2-oxoacetate

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第11期33卷 1666-1672页

作者： muhammad Naeem Ahmed SHAHID Hameed khawaja Ansar Yasin IFZAN Arshad IHSAN-ul-Haq SAFEENA Zafar muhammad Nawaz Tahir Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Biological SciencesQuaid-i-Azam University University of Sargodha Department of Physics

A novel 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole（C18H21N3O3） was synthesized by a one-pot three component reaction of 1-azidocyclohexane, 1-copper（I） phenylethyne and ethoxalyl chloride at room temperature. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 12.8167（9）, b = 8.0966（6）, c = 16.7079（9） A, β = 98.716（2）°, Z = 4 and V = 1713.8（2）. In the crystal, the molecules are related by inversion and paired into dimers via C–H…O and C–O…C interactions involving（oxo） acetate groups. Furthermore, X-ray analysis results are compared with the optimized structure computed by using B3 LYP method with 6-311 G basis set. The calculated results showed that optimized geometry can well reproduce the crystal structure parameters. The bioassay results indicate that the compound has good antibacterial and antifungal activities.

关键词： click chemistry triazole cyclohexyl oxoacetate XRD antimicrobial

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One-pot Synthesis,Characterization and Crystal Structure Determination of Novel 1,4,5-Trisubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole with Two Conformational Isomers:1-Benzyl-5-((4-methoxyphenyl)ethynyl)-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2016年第1期35卷 55-60页

作者： AHMED muhammad Naeem YASIN khawaja Ansar KHAN Bilal Ahmad RIAZ muhammad SADIQ-UR-REHMAN LO Kong Mun NASEER muhammad Moazzam ARSHAD Ifzan IRSHAD muhammad Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Department of Chemistry University of Malaya Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Chemistry University of Poonch Rawalakot Azad Kashmir

The title compound l-benzyl-5-（（4-methoxyphenyl）ethynyl）-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole（C24H19N3O） was designed and synthesized using one-pot strategy and structural characterization was done by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,NMR,IR and *** compound was crystallized out from an ethanolic solution in triclinic system,space group P1 with a =9.9038（9）,b = 10.2928（9）,c = 18.8715（19）A°,α = 103.541（6）,β = 90.507（7）,γ = 97.157（7）°,V =1854.2（3） A°3,Z = 4,crystal size（mm） = 0.25 × 0.1 × 0.1 and R（int） = *** asymmetric unit contains two independent *** crystal structure of the title compound is stabilized by intramolecular interactions of types C-H…N and C-H…***,X-ray analysis reveals obvious C-H…π,π-π stacking interactions between two adjacent aromatic ring planes.

关键词： click chemistry trisubstituted triazole alkyne crystal structure C–H…π interactions

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Sound waves in fluidized bed using CFD-DEM simulations

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 126-133页

作者： Hassan Abbas khawaja Process and Gas Group Department of Engineering & Safety UiT-The Arctic University of Norway 9037 Langnes Tromso Norway

The speed of sound waves in a fluidized bed is investigated using CFD-DEM numerical simulations, Appro- priate initial and boundary conditions are applied to reproduce bed phenomena. The effect of varying the height of the bed is also studied. The results of the simulations matched those from the literature. The pressure and particle velocity profiles obtained feature oscillatory behavior to which functions （based on a damped standing wave） were fitted, enabling an explicit dependence on time and space variables to be established. These fitted functions were substituted into the linearized governing equations for the two-phase flow. These solutions enabled a new relationship to be derived for the speed of sound and damping in the system. The conclusion drawn is tbat the damping in the system is governed by the effective bulk viscosity of the solid phase, which arises from the particle viscosity.

关键词： Fluidized bed Sound waves Speed of sound Damping time CFD-DEM simulations

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Molecular Structure of (1-Benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)(4-bromophenyl) methanone: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2014年第12期33卷 1749-1756页

作者： muhammad Naeem Ahmed IFZAN Arshad WANG Bo SHAHID Hameed BILAL Ahmad Khan khawaja Ansar Yasin muhammad Moazzam Naseer Department of Chemistry The University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad 13100 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University

One-pot three component reaction was used to synthesize 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole(A) from the corresponding acid chloride, benzyl azide and 1-copper(I) phenylethyne. The molecular structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca, a = 14.9815(14), b = 9.6496(10), c = 25.528(2) A, Z = 8. Furthermore, crystal packing demonstrated a molecular wall-like structure based on supramolecular chains of A, stabilized by CH···O, CH···Br, N···C and CH···π interactions. Molecular geometry in the ground state has been determined by density functional theory(DFT) by B3LYP/6-311G* basis set and compared with the experimental data. The computed vibrational frequencies are compared with the experimental FT-IR data and frontier molecular orbital analyses were performed at the same level of theory. Theoretical parameters are in good agreement with the corresponding X-ray diffraction values.

关键词： synthesis 1,2,3-triazole crystal structure molecular packing optimization

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Mesenchymal stem cells’“garbage bags”at work:Treating radial nerve injury with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 467-478页

作者： Mazhar Mushtaq Doaa Hussein Zineldeen muhammad Abdul Mateen khawaja Husnain Haider Department of Basic Sciences Sulaiman AlRajhi UniversityAlbukairiyah 52736AlQaseemSaudi Arabia Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 6632110Egypt

Unlike central nervous system injuries,peripheral nerve injuries(PNIs)are often characterized by more or less successful axonal ***,structural and functional recovery is a senile process involving multifaceted cellular and molecular *** contemporary treatment options are limited,with surgical intervention as the gold-standard method;however,each treatment option has its associated limitations,especially when the injury is severe with a large *** advancements in cell-based therapy and cell-free therapy approaches using stem cell-derived soluble and insoluble components of the cell secretome are fast-emerging therapeutic approaches to treating acute and chronic *** recent pilot study is a leap forward in the field,which is expected to pave the way for more enormous,systematic,and well-designed clinical trials to assess the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a bio-drug either alone or as part of a combinatorial approach,in an attempt synergize the best of novel treatment approaches to address the complexity of the neural repair and regeneration.

关键词： Exosome Mesenchymal stem cells Nerve injury Stem cells Secretome Regeneration

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