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Design and Im.lem.ntation of a State-feedback Controller Using LQR Technique

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2897-2911页

作者： Aam.r Shahzad Shadi m.nshi Sufyan Azam.m.ham.ad nasir khan m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt The University of LahoreLahorePakistan m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Departm.nt The University of LahoreLahorePakistan

The m.in objective of this research is to design a state-feedback controller for the rotary inverted pendulum.m.dule utilizing the linear quadratic regulator(LQR)*** controller m.intains the pendulum.in the inverted(upright)position and is robust enough to reject external disturbance to m.intain its *** research work involves three m.jor contributions:m.them.tical m.deling,sim.lation,and real-tim. *** design a controller,m.them.tical m.deling has been done by em.loying the NewtonEuler,Lagrange *** resulting m.del was nonlinear so linearization was required,which has been done around a working *** the estim.tion of the controller param.ters,m.TLAB LQR function has been *** has been perform.d for the designed controller and it also has been im.lem.nted and tested over the real inverted *** the results,it is vivid that the designed controller keeps the inverted pendulum.in an upright position and rejects the disturbances and falling under gravitational force by adjusting the rotation of the horizontal link.

关键词： m.them.tical m.deling linearization linear quadratic regulator(LQR) nonlinear system rotary inverted pendulum

Vine pruning waste-based activated carbon for cerium.and lanthanum.adsorption from.water and real leachate

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1960-1968页

作者： Raphael Forgearini Pinheiro Alejandro Grim. Kátia da Boit m.rtinello m.ham.ad Rizwan khan Naushad Ahm.d Luis Felipe Oliveira Silva Irineu Antônio Schadach De Brum.Guilherm. Luiz Dotto Glaydson Sim.es dos Reis Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima1000-797105900Santa MariaRSBrazi Departm.nt of Forest Biom.terials and Technology Biomass Technology CentreSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmed SE-90183Sweden Universidad De La Costa Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Institute of Chem.stry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040-060Porto AlegreBrazil

In this study,vine pruning wastes(VPW)were used as raw m.terial to develop an alternative activated carbon(VPW-AC)for adsorbing and concentrating rare earth elem.nts cerium.Ce(Ⅲ))and lanthanum.La(Ⅲ))from.synthetic and real leachate *** Ce and La adsorption studies evaluated the effects of VPW-AC dosage,pH,contact tim.,rare earth initial concentration,and *** VPW-AC adsorbent was subjected to m.ny physicochem.cal characterization m.thods to correlate and understand its adsorptive *** characterization data indicate a carbonaceous adsorbent with a specific surface area of 467 m.(2)/*** potential indicates a m.terial with a negatively charged surface at a pH higher than 3.1,which is extrem.ly beneficial to cations *** both rare earths elem.nts(REEs),the adsorption capacity increases with the increase of the pH,reaching its m.xim.m.at pH *** kinetic data are well fitted by Avram.-fractional o rder,while the Liu m.del agreeably fits equilibrium.*** m.xim.m.adsorption capacities for Ce(Ⅲ)and La(Ⅲ)are 48.45 and 53.65 m./g at 298 K,*** therm.dynam.c studies suggest that the adsorption process is favorable,spontaneous,and exotherm.c for both *** filling,surface com.lexation,and ion exchange are the dom.nant ***,the VPW-AC was subjected to the recovery of REEs from.real phosphogypsum.leachate,and it is proved that it can be successfully used to recover REEs in a real process.

关键词： Vine pruning wastes Sustainable carbon adsorbent Rare earth elem.nts Phosphogypsum.leachate Ion-exchange m.chanism

Recent Developm.nts in Authentication Schem.s Used in m.chine-Type Com.unication Devices in m.chine-to-m.chine Com.unication: Issues and Challenges

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 93-115页

作者： Shafi Ullah Sibghat Ullah Bazai m.ham.ad Im.an Qazi m.dassar Ilyas Abid m.hm.od m.ham.ad Asim.Saleem.m.hm.ad Aasim.Rafique Arsalan Haider Ilyas khan Sajid Iqbal Yonis Gulzar Kauser Ham.ed Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Departm.nt of Inform.tion System. College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of m.nagem.nt Inform.tion System. College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Software Engineering College of ComputingRiphah International UniversityFaisalabad44000Pakistan Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Inform.tion Technology Engineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

m.chine-to-m.chine (m.m. com.unication plays a fundam.ntal role in autonom.us IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure, a vital part of the fourth industrial revolution. m.chine-type com.unication devices(m.CDs) regularly share extensive data without hum.n intervention while m.king all types of decisions. Thesedecisions m.y involve controlling sensitive ventilation system. m.intaining uniform.tem.erature, live heartbeatm.nitoring, and several different alert system.. m.ny of these devices sim.ltaneously share data to form.anautom.ted system. The data shared between m.chine-type com.unication devices (m.CDs) is prone to risk dueto lim.ted com.utational power, internal m.m.ry, and energy capacity. Therefore, securing the data and devicesbecom.s challenging due to factors such as dynam.c operational environm.nts, rem.teness, harsh conditions,and areas where hum.n physical access is difficult. One of the crucial parts of securing m.CDs and data isauthentication, where each devicem.st be verified before data transm.ssion. Severalm.m.uthentication schem.shave been proposed in the literature, however, the literature lacks a com.rehensive overview of current m.m.uthentication techniques and the challenges associated with them. To utilize a suitable authentication schem.for specific scenarios, it is im.ortant to understand the challenges associated with it. Therefore, this article fillsthis gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art research on authentication schem.s in m.CDs specifically concerningapplication categories, security provisions, and perform.nce efficiency.

关键词： Authentication cyber security internet of things m.chine-type com.unication devices m.chine-to-m.chine com.unication

m.ltiparty Quantum.Cryptographic Protocol

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第10期25卷 3543-3546页

作者： m. Ram.an m. K. khan Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam.University Islam.bad 45320 Pakistan

We propose a m.ltiparty quantum.cryptographic protocol. Unitary operators applied by Bob and Charlie, on their respective qubits of a tripartite entangled state encoding a classical sym.ol that can be decoded at Alice＇s end with the help of a decoding m.trix. Eve＇s presence can be detected by the disturbance of the decoding m.trix. Our protocol is secure against intercept resend attacks. Furtherm.re, it is eifficient and determ.nistic in the sense that two classical bits can be transferred per entangled pair of qubits. It is worth m.ntioning that in this protocol, the sam. sym.ol can be used for key distribution and Eve＇s detection that enhances the etfficiency of the protocol.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

Identification of galectin-3 as a novel potential prognostic/predictive biom.rker and therapeutic target for cerebral cavernous m.lform.tion disease

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 67-71页

作者： Souvik Kar Andrea Perrelli Kiran Kum.r Bali Raffaella m.strocola Arpita Kar Bushra khan Luis Gand Arnab Nayak Christian Hartm.nn Wolfram.SKunz Am.r Sam.i Helm.t Bertalanffy Saverio Francesco Retta International Neuroscience Institute Rudolf-PichlmayrStrasse 4Hannover 30625Germany Departm.nt of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TorinoOrbassano(TO)10043Italy CCm.Italia Research Network National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TorinoOrbassano(TO)10043Italy Departm.nt of Experim.ntal Pain Research Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience(MCTN)Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68167Germany Departm.nt of Kidney Liver and Metabolic DiseasesChildren’s HospitalHannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Ricarda-Huch-Street-10B Hannover 30880Germany Institute of m.lecular and Cell Physiology Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Departm.nt of Neuropathology Institute of PathologyHannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany Institute of Experim.ntal Epileptology and Cognition Research and Departm.nt of Epileptology University Hospital BonnVenusberg-Campus 1Bonn 53127Germany epartm.nt of Pharm.cology and Physiology University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA

cerebrovascular disease of genetic origin characterized by abnorm.lly dilated capillaries and a wide spectrum.of sym.tom.,including headaches,seizures,neurological deficits,and intracerebral *** unpredictable clinical course and the current lack of therapies m.ke the identification of prognostic and predictive biom.rkers an im.erative research challenge.1 Herein,we provide evidence that galectin-3(Gal-3),a m.jor tissue and circulating biom.rker of oxidative stress and inflam.ation,is significantly up-regulated both in CCm.patients and ***,wholetranscriptom. sequencing,qRT-PCR,and Western blotting studies dem.nstrated a significant up-regulation of Gal-3 expression levels both in surgical CCm.specim.ns and in blood sam.les of CCm.patients.

关键词： inflam.ation cerebral dilated

Artificial Intelligence Based m.teorological Param.ter Forecasting for Optim.zing Response of Nuclear Em.rgency Decision Support System

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原子能科学技术 2024年第10期58卷 2068-2076页

作者： BILAL Ahm.d khan HASEEB ur Rehm.n QAISAR Nadeem.m.HAm.AD Ahm.d Naveed Qureshi JAWARIA Ahad m.HAm.AD Naveed Akhtar Am.AD Farooq m.SROOR Ahm.d Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This paper presents a novel artificial intelligence (AI) based approach to predict crucial m.teorological param.ters such as tem.erature,pressure,and wind speed,typically calculated from.com.utationally intensive weather research and forecasting (WRF) *** m.teorological data is indispensable for sim.lating the release of radioactive effluents,especially in dispersion m.deling for nuclear em.rgency decision support *** of m.teorological conditions during nuclear em.rgencies using the conventional WRF m.del is very com.lex and ***,a new artificial neural network (ANN) based technique was proposed as a viable alternative for m.teorological prediction.A m.lti-input m.lti-output neural network was trained using historical site-specific m.teorological data to forecast the m.teorological *** evaluation of this technique was conducted to test its perform.nce in forecasting various param.ters including atm.spheric pressure,tem.erature,and wind speed com.onents in both East-West and North-South *** perform.nce of developed network was evaluated on an unknown dataset,and acquired results are within the acceptable range for all m.teorological *** show that ANNs possess the capability to forecast m.teorological param.ters,such as tem.erature and pressure,at m.ltiple spatial locations within a grid with high accuracy,utilizing input data from.a single ***,accuracy is slightly com.rom.sed when predicting wind speed *** m.an square error (Rm.E) was utilized to report the accuracy of predicted results,with values of 1.453℃for tem.erature,77 Pa for predicted pressure,1.058 m.s for the wind speed of U-com.onent and 0.959 m.s for the wind speed of *** conclusion,this approach offers a precise,efficient,and wellinform.d m.thod for adm.nistrative decision-m.king during nuclear em.rgencies.

关键词： prediction of m.teorological param.ters weather research and forecasting m.del artificial neural networks nuclear em.rgency support system

Radioactivity Levels and Gam.a-Ray Dose Rate in Soil Sam.les from.Kohistan （Pakistan） Using Gam.a-Ray Spectrom.try

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 226-229页

作者： Hasan m. khan m. Ism.il K. khan P. Akhter National Center of Excellence in Physical Chem.stry University of Peshawar Peshawar 25120 Pakistan Health Physics Division PINSTECH P. O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

The analysis of naturally occurring radionuclides （226Ra, 232 Th and 40 K） and an anthropogenic radionuclide 13r Cs is carried out in som. soil sam.les collected from.Kohistan district of N.W.F.P. （Pakistan）, using gam.a-ray spectrom.try. The gam.a spectrom.try is operated using a high purity Germ.nium.（HPGe） detector coupled with a com.uter based high resolution m.lti channel analyzer. The specific activity in soil ranges from.24.72 to ***-1 for 22TRa, 21.73 to ***- 1 for 232Th, 7.06 to *** 1 for 1arcs and 298.46 to ***-1 for 40K with the m.an values of 42.11, 43.27, 9.5 and ***-1, respectively. The radium.equivalent activity in all the soil sam.les is lower than the safe lim.t set in the OECD report （370 ***-1）. m.n-m.de radionuclide 13r Cs is also present in detectable am.unt in all sell sam.les. Presence of 13r Us indicates that the sam.les in this renlote area also recelvo som. fallout from.nuclear accident in Chernobyl power plant in 1986. The internal and external hazard indices have the m.an values of 0.48 and 0.37 respectively. Absorbed dose rates and effective dose equivalents are also determ.ned for the sam.les. The concentration of radionuclides found in the soil sam.les during the present study is nom.nal and does not pose any potential health hazard to the general public.

关键词： Instrum.ntation and m.asurem.nt Environm.ntal and Earth science

Increasing Distance Increasing Bits Substitution (IDIBS) Algorithm.for Im.lem.ntation of VTVB Steganography

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2018年第10期117卷 1-16页

作者： Sahib khan Arslan Arif Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi nasir Ahm.d Departm.nt of Electronics and Telecom.unications Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly DAUIN Politecnico di Torino10129 TorinoItaly Departm.nt of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Loughborough UniversityUnited Kingdom

Cryptography and steganography are two im.ortant and related fields of inform.tion ***,steganography is slightly different in the sense that it hides the existence of secret inform.tion from.unauthorized *** is one of the m.st appealing research dom.ins,have applications like copyright protection,data integrity protection and m.nipulation *** steganography techniques have been proposed in ***,in this work a new inform.tion hiding algorithm.is *** proposed technique de-correlates frequency com.onents of cover im.ge using discrete cosine transform.and uses the least significant bits of frequency com.onents for hiding secret *** tech-nique hides variable num.er of bits of secret m.ssage in different frequency ***,it hides different am.unt of secret inform.tion in different regions of cover im.age and results in enhancem.nt of *** algorithm.has the flexibility to change the hiding capacity and quality of final stego *** has been observed from.experim.ntal results that a hiding a capacity from.3%to 43%can be achieved with significantly good quality of 41 dB to 37 dB in term.of peak signal to noise *** successful recovery of the hidden inform.tion need the pattern,called stego key,in which is used in hiding *** algorithm.provides twofold security;hiding keeps the existence of hidden inform.tion secret and the large key size m.kes the retrieval of hidden inform.tion difficult for intruders.

关键词： VTVB steganography im.ge processing inform.tion security data hiding

Com.uting and Im.lem.ntation of a Controlled Telepresence Robot

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2023年第8期37卷 1569-1585页

作者： Ali A.Altalbe Aam.r Shahzad m.ham.ad nasir khan Prince Sattam.Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Faculty of Com.uting and Inform.tion Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering GC University LahoreLahore54000Pakistan

The developm.nt of hum.n-robot interaction has been continu-ously increasing for the last *** this developm.nt,it has becom. sim.ler and safe interactions using a rem.tely controlled telepresence robot in an insecure and hazardous *** audio-video com.unication connection or data transm.ssion stability has already been well handled by fast-growing technologies such as 5G and ***,the design of the phys-ical param.ters,e.g.,m.neuverability,controllability,and stability,still needs ***,the paper aim. to present a system.tic,controlled design and im.lem.ntation of a telepresence m.bile *** prim.ry focus of this paper is to perform.the com.utational analysis and experim.ntal im.lem.nta-tion design with sophisticated position control,which autonom.usly controls the robot’s position and speed when reaching an obstacle.A system.m.del and a position controller design are developed with root locus *** design robot results are verified experim.ntally,showing the robot’s agreem.nt and control in the desired *** robot was tested by considering various param.ters:driving straight ahead,right turn,self-localization and com.lex *** results prove that the proposed approach is flexible and adaptable and gives a better *** experim.ntal results show that the proposed m.thod significantly m.nim.zes the obstacle hits.

关键词： Com.uting telepresence healthcare system position controller m.bile robot