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Geochemistry and Organic Petrography of Jordanian Sultani Oil Shale

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第10期6卷 1209-1220页

作者： Hani Alnawafleh khalid tarawneh George Siavalas Kimon Christanis Andreas Iordanidis Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Department of Civil Engineering Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Geology University of Patras Patras Greece Shell Global Solutions International B.V Hague The Netherlands Department of Geotechnology and Environmental Engineering Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Western Macedonia Kila Kozani Greece

The Sultani oil shale (OS) deposit is considered as a major fossil fuel source in Jordan. Applying various petrographic and geochemical techniques, this paper aims to study the Sultani OS geochemical and organic petrographic features. Results show that Sultani OS is a bituminous limestone consisting of very fine-grained matrix with rippled micro-laminated texture and muddy material of cryptocrystalline micrite. The rock is rich in Cretaceous microfossil shells filled in organic matter (OM). The fillingOMis bitumen of the migrabitumen type. TheOMcontent reaches up to 17 wt.% with high oil-yielding capacity (up to 12 wt.%). High TOC values suggest that the Sultani OS has a very good source rock potential. Organic petrography shows lowOMmaturity level and reveals two varieties of vitrinite, namely primary and oxidized vitrinite. The latter is derived from terrestrial plant tissues. Additionally, liptinite macerals including alginite and to a lesser extent cutinite, also participate. Various diagenetic features such as pyrite replacement and bitumen thermal alteration have been recorded. Results suggest that Sultani OS is a marinite formed under marine conditions with limited contribution of terrestrialOMinput.

关键词： Oil Shale Jordan Bitumen Organic Matter Vitrinite Reflectance Macerals

Fractional Yield, Extract Composition and Variability from Jordanian Oil Shales

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2016年第3期6卷 51-63页

作者： Hani M. Alnawafleh Feras Y. Fraige khalid E. tarawneh Ibrahim A. Sarairahc Laila A. Al-Khatib Faculty of Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Al-Muzahmiayah Branch Faculty of Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Isra University Amman Jordan Faculty of Science Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Naif Arab University for Security Sciences Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Surface and subsurface oil shale (OS) rocks in Jordan have potential economic value for the country and still unutilized. This research paper focuses on central and southern OS deposits in Jordan. Brief characterization of four OS deposits is presented. Size distribution test and elemental analysis were performed. Shale oil was extracted via three solvation methods: Soxhlet extraction, extraction via mixing and stirring, and lastly super-critical fluid extraction. Major shale oil fractions were obtained from extract fractionation on chromatographic column. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique was used to study qualitatively the fractional composition of OS extract. Results show that all studied OS deposits have quite similar trend in their particle size distribution and their elemental composition. These OS deposits are found to be varying in their solvation behavior, fractional yield, and shale oil composition. Highest yield is obtained from polar solvents. The OS extraction via solvation processes is promising under certain extraction conditions such as super-critical conditions. The solvation variability of Jordanian OS indicates that different extraction techniques suit different OS deposits. Such variability should be considered in any future extraction options.

关键词： Jordan Oil Shale Solvent Extraction Variability Fractional Yield

Dolomitization in Campanian Oil Shale Rocks from South-Western Jordan

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Open Journal of Geology 2015年第10期5卷 689-700页

作者： Hani M. Alnawafleh khalid E. tarawneh Hani N. Khoury Nafeth A. Abdelhadi Osama Y. Shakkoury Reyad A. Dwairi Mazen N. Amaireh Faculty of Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Faculty of Engineering Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Geology The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Faculty of Engineering Technology Al Balqa Applied University Salt Jordan Natural Resources Authority Amman Jordan Faculty of Engineering Tafila Technical University Tafila Jordan

This work represents the first detailed study of an oil shale (OS) section from the Upper Campanian Amman Silicified Limestone (ASL) Formation in south-western part of Jordan. More than five meters of oil shale have been recorded. Using the petrography and geochemistry, this study aims to focus on such non-conventional types of oil shale rocks in Jordan and to shed some light on their composition and formational environment. Unlike oil shale from Maastrichtian to early Tertiary, this type of oil shale is highly dolomitized. The dolomite is diagenetic in origin. This oil shale type contains considerable amount of OM and remarkably enriched in some trace elements and shows quite low sulfur content. Results suggest that the formation of dolomite appears to be limited by the rate of organic matter oxidation.

关键词： Jordan Oil Shale Dolomitization Campanian

A Hybrid Heuristic Algorithm for Solving COVID-19’s Social Distancing at Universities Campus

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第6期41卷 933-944页

作者： Hassan Al-tarawneh khalid Al-Kaabneh Aysh Alhroob Hazem Migdady Issam Alhadid Department of Data sciences and Artificial Intelligence Al-Ahlyyia Amman UniversityAmmanJordan Department of Software Engineering Isra UniversityAmmanJordan Department of CSMIS Oman college of management and technologyMuscatOman Faculty of Information Technology and Systems University of JordanAqabaJordan

Social distancing during COVID-19 has become one of the most important measures in reducing the risks of the spread of the virus. Implementing thesemeasures at universities is crucial and directly related to the physical attendance ofthe populations of students, professors, employees, and other members on campus. This research proposes an automated scheduling approach that can help universities and schools comply with the social distancing regulations by providingassistance in avoiding huge assemblages of people. Furthermore, this paper proposes a novel course timetable-scheduling scheme based on four main ***, a distance of two meters must be maintained between each student inside theclassroom. Second, no classrooms should contain more than 20% of their regularcapacity. Third, there would be no back-to-back classes. Lastly, no lectures shouldbe held simultaneously in adjacent classrooms. The proposed approach wasimplemented using a variable neighborhood search (VNS) approach with an adaptive neighborhood structure (AD-NS) to resolve the problem of scheduling coursetimetables at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University. However, the experimental resultsshow that the proposed techniques outperformed the standard VNS tested on university course timetabling benchmark dataset ITC2007-Track3. Meanwhile, theapproach was tested using datasets collected from the faculty of information technology at Al-Ahlyyia Amman University (Jordan). Where the results showed that,the proposed technique could help educational institutes to resume their regularoperations while complying with the social distancing guidelines.

关键词： COVID-19 social distance variable neighborhood search adaptive neighborhood structure university course timetable