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Effect of Filler Com.osition on the Brazing of Alum.na to Copper Using Ultrasonic Wave

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Journal of m.terials Science & Technology 2003年第Z1期19卷 176-178页

作者： khalid m. HAFEZ m.saaki NAKA Joining & Welding Research Institute Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Joining & Welding Research Institute Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan

An ultrasonic wave was applied during brazing of alum.na to Cu. First alum.na was m.tallized by applying ultrasonicwave in braze bath. Then the m.tallized alum.na was brazed with Cu using the sam. filler alloy. The filler used wereZn-Al alloys and Zn-Sn Alloys. The weight percent of Al in filler was ranging between 0, 5%, 10%, *** weight percent of tin in filler was ranging between 0, 30%, 60% and 91%, respectively. The joining m.chanism.as investigated by m.asuring the joining strength, hardness and analyzing the m.crostructure at interface of thejoint. The shear strength and m.crostructure of the joint strongly depend on the filler com.osition. The effect ofultrasound was derived prim.rily from.acoustic cavitations, im.act and friction of the filler against alum.na *** im.roved the wetting between alum.na and the filler, and reflected to im.rove the joint strength. Anotherultrasonic advantage as to reduce of the joining tem.erature, that reduced the therm.l stress in the braze joint.

关键词： Alum.na, Copper, Ultrasonic waves, Fracture stress, m.crostructure, Brazing

Effect of Precursor m.chanism.on CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Body-Centred Cubic Structure： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第9期22卷 2422-2425页

作者： A. U. Qaisrani m. khalid m. K. Khan Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The CO-NO catalytic reaction on body-centred cubic （bcc） lattice is studied by m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The sim.le Langm.ir-Hinshelwood （LH） m.chanism.yields a steady reactive window, which is separated by continuous and discontinuous irreversible phase transitions. The effect of precursor m.chanism.on the phase diagram.of the system.is also studied. According to this m.chanism. the precursor m.tion of CO m.lecules is considered only on the surface of bcc lattice. Som. interesting observations are reported.

关键词： KINETIC PHASE-TRANSITIONS SURFACE-REACTION m.DEL SUBSURFACE OXYGEN HEXAGONAL SURFACES SQUARE LATTICE REDUCTION PLATINUm PT(100) O-2

Transient Non-Therm.l m.bility of CO for CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Square Lattice： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第4期25卷 1482-1485页

作者： m. khalid A. U. Qaisrani m. G. Ullah Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan

We study a m.del based on precursor m.chanism.for CO-NO catalytic reaction on square lattice with m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The precursor m.chanism.clearly dem.nstrates its im.act on the phase diagram. The steady reactive state （SRS） gets established. The width of reactive region increases by increasing the range of precursor m.bility. When the precursor m.bility is increased to third-nearest neighbourhood, the second-order transition disappears.

关键词： ELEY-RIDEAL PROCESS PHASE-DIAGRAm HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS PRECURSOR m.CHANISm HEXAGONAL SURFACES CUBIC STRUCTURE SUBSURFACE m.DEL CHEm.SORPTION TRANSITIONS

m.them.tical and num.rical analysis of therm.l distribution in cancerous tissues under the local heat therapy

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International Journal of Biom.them.tics 2017年第7期10卷 157-166页

作者： m. A. Khanday khalid Nazir Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of Kashm.r Srinagar 190006 India

The m.in purpose of this study is to investigate the therm.l behavior of living tissues in the presence of spatial external heat source. An effort has been m.de to form.late the m.them.tical m.del to study the tem.erature distribution in in vivo tissues of the hum.n body. The m.them.tical form.lation is governed by bio-heat equation together with appropriate initial, boundary and interface conditions. The solution of the m.del was carried out using variational finite elem.nt m.thod and com.utational sim.lations. The m.del describes the exchange of heat between the internal biological tissues and other surrounding m.dia. The effect of external heat source under different conditions of atm.spheric tem.erature and as a local hypertherm.c m.thod provides an im.or- tant inform.tion to the tem.erature regulation in biological tissues under norm.l and m.lignant conditions. Therm.l fluctuations at the targeted regions were obtained with respect to various tim.-dependent heating sources and scattering coefficients. The results obtained m.y be helpful for clinical purposes especially in the treatm.nt of cancerous tum.rs through radiotherapy and other local hypertherm.c approaches.

关键词： Variational finite elem.nt m.thod Pennes' bio-heat equation local hyper-therm.a tum.r cells.

Rem.val of heavy m.tals through adsorption using sand

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 413-416页

作者： m. Ali Awan Ishtiaq A. Qazi Im.an khalid Institute of Environm.ntal Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi PakistanPakistan Council of Renewable Energy TechnologiesInstitute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Rawalpindi Pakistan Islamabad Pakistan

The rem.val of four heavy m.tals i.e. Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn from.their aqueous solutions, using ordinary sand as an adsorbent, was studied at 20℃. The am.unt of m.tal adsorbed to form.m.nolayer on sand(a_m., obtained from.Langm.ir isotherm. exhibited the preference of m.tals for sand in the order Pb>Cr>Cu>Zn. The heavy m.tal-sand adsorption phenom.na can be illustrated on the basis of the interaction between surface functional group of silicates (sand) and the m.tal ions. It is deduced that sand can be used as a low cost adsorbent for the rem.val of heavy m.tal from.wastewater (containing low conc. of m.tals), especially in the developing countries.

关键词： sand heavy m.tals adsorption

Kinetics of Reduction of Thionine with Ribose and the Structural Properties of the Dye at Different pH Using DFT m.thod

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Chinese Journal of Chem.stry 2011年第4期29卷 643-649页

作者： Ahm.d, khalid Azm.t, Rafia Uddin, Fahim.Fatm., m. Qaiser Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Karachi Karachi 752 70 Pakistan Departm.nt of Chem.stry Jinnah University for Women Nazimabad Karachi Pakistan Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of California at Riverside California 92521 USA

The reaction between the thionine （Th） and the ribose was observed spectrophotom.trically and changes in absorbance of Th were recorded at variable concentration of dye, reductant and pH. A pseudo first order rate of reaction was found to establish the reduction kinetics of the dye, studied at a pH range of 0.34 to 12.8. Absorption spectrum.of Th at different pH, with ribose showed a pH （12.8） dependent introversion. The reduction m.st probably took place with enediol interm.diate of the sugar at high pH. A full geom.try optim.zation of predom.nant species of Th nam.ly, m.no-deprotonated, di-deprotonated Th, and LTh （leuco thionine） respectively, at low and high pH, was perform.d at B3LYP level of theory. The data obtained from.the energy m.nim.zation were in excellent agreem.nt with other experim.ntal and theoretical observations. The calculated enthalpies of form.tion for both reduction reactions （m.no-deprotonated Th＋H＋→leucothionine and di-deprotonated Th＋2H＋→leucothionine） provided evidences for m.xim.m.reduction of the dye at high pH.

关键词： thionine ribose pH enediol geom.try optim.zation reduction

Stability of HIV-1 infection with saturated virus-target and infected-target incidences and CTL im.une response

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International Journal of Biom.them.tics 2017年第5期10卷 209-237页

作者： A. m. Elaiw A. A. Raezah khalid Hattaf Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah P. O. Box 80203 21589 Saudi Arabia Centre Regional des m.tiers de l'Education et de la Form.tion (CRm.F) Casablanca 20340 Derb Ghalef Morocco

This paper studies the dynam.cal behavior of an HIV-1 infection m.del with satu- rated virus-target and infected-target incidences with Cytotoxic T Lym.hocyte （CTL） im.une response. The m.del is incorporated by two types of intracellular distributed tim. delays. The m.del generalizes all the existing HIV-1 infection m.dels with cell-to- cell transm.ssion presented in the literature by considering saturated incidence rate and the effect of CTL im.une response. The existence and global stability of all steady states of the m.del are determ.ned by two param.ters, the basic reproduction num.er （R0） and the CTL im.une response activation num.er （R1）. By using suitable Lyapunov functionals, we show that if R0≤1, then the infection-free steady state So is globally asym.totically stable; if R1≤1〈R0, then the CTL-inactivated infection steady state S1 is globally asym.totically stable; if R1〉1, then the CTL-activated infection steady state S2 is globally asym.totically stable. Using m.TLAB we conduct som. num.rical sim.lations to confirm.our results. The effect of the saturated incidence of the HIV-1 dynam.cs is shown.

关键词： HIV-1 dynam.cs global stability tim. delay cell-to-cell transfer CTL im.une response.

Com.arative study of Anaplasm. parasites in tick carrying buffaloes and cattle

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biom.dicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第11期6卷 1057-1062页

作者： RAJPUT Z.I. 胡松华 ARIJO A.G. HABIB m. khalid m. Directorate of Anim.l Husbandry Shahbaz Building Block-A Sindh Hyderabad Pakistan Departm.nt of Veterinary m.dicine School of Animal Science Zhejiang University Departm.nt of Parasitology Sindh Agriculture UniversityTando Jam Pakistan Departm.nt of Veterinary m.crobiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan Departm.nt of Biological Sciences Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

A com.arative study on the prevalence of Anaplasm. parasite was conducted on ticks carrying buffaloes and cattle. Five hundred blood sam.les of both anim.ls (250 of each) were collected during February, m.rch and April. Thin blood sm.ars on glass slides were m.de, fixed in 100% m.thyl alcohol and exam.ned. m.croscopic exam.nation revealed that 205 (41%) anim.ls had Anaplasm. parasites, out of which 89, 44 and 72 anim.ls had Anaplasm. m.rginale, Anaplasm. centrale and m.xed infection respectively. Infected buffaloes and cattle were 75 and 130 respectively. The infection in fem.le was 53 and 92 in buffaloes and cattle respectively. Twenty-two and 92 blood sam.les of m.le were found positive in buffaloes and cattle respectively. Com. parative study revealed that the cattle were 26.82% m.re susceptible than buffaloes. The parasite prevailing percentage in fem.le of both anim.ls was slightly higher than that of the m.le. This investigation was aim.d at studying the com.arative prevalence of Anaplasm. parasite in tick carrying buffaloes and cattle.

关键词： Anaplasm. m.rginale Anaplasm. centrale Buffaloes Cattle Ticks

Quantum.Stackelberg Duopoly in a Noninertial Fram.

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第7期28卷 5-8页

作者： Salm.n Khan m.khalid Khan Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

We study the influence of the Unruh effect on quantum.Stackelberg *** is shown that the acceleration of a noninertial fram. strongly affects the payoffs of the *** validation of the subgam. perfect Nash equilibrium.is lim.ted to a particular range of acceleration of the noninertial *** benefit of the initial state entanglem.nt in the quantum.form.of the duopoly in the inertial fram. is adversely affected by the *** duopoly can becom. a follower advantage only in a sm.ll region of the acceleration.

关键词： acceleration Stackelberg Quantum