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Teachers’ Awareness Regarding Emergency Management of Epistaxis inside the School;Alahssa, Saudi Arabia

Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2018年第2期8卷 44-55页

作者： Fatimah Alshehri Fatimah Alluwaim khalid alyahya Faculty of Medicine King Faisal University Al-Hassa KSA

Background: Epistaxis is one of the commonest emergencies encountered by ENT physicians as well as to family and emergency physicians. It is common among school children as they are easily injured during different school activities. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding first aid management of epistaxis among school teachers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2017 among Saudi school teachers in AlAhssa region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data were collected by a well-structured online questionnaire which was designed including questions about the biographical data of the teacher, questions about the past knowledge of the emergency management of epistaxis and questions assessing the awareness of the method applied as a management of epistaxis. Result: We received 485 valid responses. 76% of teachers were female, 93% worked in public and 40% were in primary schools. 54% of participants had received information about first aid to stop nose bleeding or hemorrhage. 67% said that their students experienced epistaxis before. Interestingly, 15% said they would not try to stop the bleeding, and only 25% said they would press on the cartilaginous part of nose. However, a higher percentage (57%) knew that they should tilt the head forward.

关键词： Epistaxis Epistaxis in School Awareness Management Al-Ahssa

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Saudi Consensus for Low-Premixed Insulin Analogues in Type 2 Diabetes: Consensus Report

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021年第4期12卷 165-182页

作者： Abdulrahman Alshaikh Mohammed Aljamal Saud Alsifri Ali Alrumaih Samia Bokhari Mohammed Almuzaini khalid alyahya Abdulaziz Bin Shaikh Turky Alharbi Rashid Aljuwair Fahad Alsabaan Emad R. Issak Medicine Department College of Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Supply Chain Department King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah KSA Endocrinology Department Alhada & Taif Armed Forces Hospitals Taif KSA Endocrinology Department King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah KSA Pharmacy Department Prince Sultan Military Medical City Riyadh KSA Family Medicine Department Prince Sultan military Medical City Riyadh KSA Endocrinology Department Dahran Medical Complex Dahran KSA Endocrinology Department Security Forces Hospital Riyadh KSA Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Dear Dr. Martin Hovland, We learned from the literature that premixed insulins are short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogue mixed with intermediate-acting insulin in a fixed ratio, addressing FBG and PPBG in one injection. There are two categories;high-mix and low-mix premixed insulins. We, a Saudi task force, gathered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for the use of the low-mix premixed insulin for better glycemic control. The treatment with premixed aspart 30 was non-inferior to treatment with premixed insulin lispro 25. In addition, Self-monitored blood glucose levels were comparable. Safety profiles were similar between both treatments, as was the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes. The switch between both products of the low-mix family can be carried out without any problem. Both products of the low-mix premixed insulin analogues aspart 30/70 and premixed insulin lispro 25/75 have comparable efficacy and safety as shown from the medical literature. Therefore, we can change from one to another safely as demonstrated by the US FDA statement. In addition, the ergonomic features of KwikPen’s design and function may offer important advantages for the user during insulin administration.

关键词： Low-Mix Premixed Insulin Lispro 25/75 Aspart 30/70

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Saudi Consensus for GLP-1 RAs Switching Guidance: Consensus Report

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022年第1期13卷 22-35页

作者： Saud Alsifri Hussein Elbadawi Fahad Alsabaan Abdulraouf Almahfouz khalid alyahya Eman Shesha Laila Abu Esba Meshal Alnais Raed Aldahash Turky Alharbi Saleh Aljaser Emad R. Issak Endocrinology Department Alhada & Taif Armed Forces Hospitals Taif Saudi Arabia My Clinic Medical Center Jeddah Saudi Arabia Endocrinology Department Security Forces Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia Section of Endocrinology Department of Medicine The King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia Pharmacy Department Prince Sultan Military Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Diabetes Center King Salman Hospital Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia Internal Medicine and Diabetes King Khalid Hospital Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Riyadh Saudi Arabia Family Medicine Department Prince Sultan Military Medical City Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science Riyadh Saudi Arabia Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) provide adequate glycemic control, weight reduction, low risk of hypoglycemia, and CV risk reduction. Their usage for type 2 DM (T2DM) is recommended mainly when hypoglycemia or weight gain should be considered, also, whenever initial therapy is failed. There are many recent updates in the treatment paradigm of T2DM. There are many types of GLP-1RAs, with a knowledge gap regarding switching between the different types. A Saudi task force gathered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for switching between GLP-1RAs, when, why, and how? This article contains the expert panel’s recommendations as a contribution to complement the knowledge gap in this area from the national perspective. As an alternative to intensifying therapy, switching from one GLP-1RA to another has various advantages. Improvements in glycemic control, weight loss, adherence, and medications with established cardiovascular benefits are among them. Also, switching needs to be individualized upon many discussed factors like the dose of the previous GLP1-RA and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Discussion with patients about the why and how to switch is critical.

关键词： Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Switching Type 2 DM Glycemic Control

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The Awareness of Keratoconus among General Population in Saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2021年第1期11卷 49-59页

作者： Rahaf Mohammed Alruwaili Abeer Surihan Alharbi Omar Ali Alghamdi Yahya Abdulrahman alyahya Nouf Mohammed Albalawi Sameer Sohail Alostaz Omar Ahmed Asiri khalid Alarfaj College of Medicine Jouf University Sakaka Saudi Arabia Ophthalmology Department Ohud Hospital Madina Saudi Arabia Ophthalmology Department King Fahad Hospital Albaha Saudi Arabia Ophthalmology Department Burydah Central Hospital Qassim Saudi Arabia College of Medicine Tabuk University Tabuk Saudi Arabia Batterjee Medical College Jeddah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Medicine Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia Ophthalmology Department Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Keratoconus (KCN) is one of the degenerative corneal disorders, which causes impairment in normal visual acuity with a higher prevalence in Saudi Arabia. The study aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge regarding KCN, its risk factors, and management among the Saudi population. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted using a pre-tested and validated questionnaire distributed through online platforms. A mixture of convenience and snowball sampling techniques was adopted for sample collection. Our analysis included a final sample size of 837 participant responses. The questionnaire had items related to sociodemographic characteristics (5 items), knowledge (10 items), and source of information (1 item). The mean knowledge scores were calculated and categorized (good, fair, and poor) to assess each participant’s knowledge. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to determine the statistical association between categorical variables. Results: The mean knowledge score was found to be 4.12 ± 2.6, and 67.5% of the participants showed “poor” scores. There was no statistically significant association of knowledge scores observed with any of the sociodemographic details. It was agreed by 76% and 42.5% that genetic predisposition and chronic eye inflammation could predispose to KCN. Only 38.1% (n = 157) agreed that KCN could be treated with optical glasses or contact lenses in the initial stages. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding KCN was not satisfactory among our study population. There is a need to create an increased level of awareness for KCN. Health awareness programs and community campaigns should be organized to raise awareness regarding KCN and better eye health care utilization.

关键词： Ophthalmology Inflammation Keratoconus Blindness

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