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Endolithic fungi:A possible killer for the mass extinction of Cretaceous dinosaurs

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第6期51卷 801-807页

作者： GONG YiMing1,2, XU Ran1 & HU Bi2 1 key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 2 Institute of Resources and Environment key laboratory of biogenic traces & sedimentary minerals of henan province, henan polytechnic university, jiaozuo 454003, china 1. key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Institute of Resources and Environment key laboratory of biogenic traces & sedimentary minerals of henan province Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China

Mycelium-like structures found under ESEM within radial sections of fragmental dinosaur eggshells would be the endolithic fungi coexistent with dinosaur eggs in the upper part of the Late Cretaceous Hugang Formation from the Wenjiaping section of Wenxian, Danjiangkou, northwestern Hubei, Central china. The endolithic fungi selectively occurred in the bad biomineral zone within the columnar layer of the eggshells, where the crowded endolithic fungi penetrated the columnar layer at near-vertical or near-horizontal angles. The endolithic fungi are needle-like, ribbon-like and silk-like, and 5–18 μm long, 0.3–0.5 μm wide at their base, with pointed tip, and are unbranched. The hyphae are mainly composed of oxygen, carbon and calcium, and are with minor sodium, potassium, chlorine and sulfur. The endolithic fungi and host have the same characters in lithification, fracture and main chemical composition. We suggested that the episode endolithic fungi invading dinosaur eggs may have taken place in the interval between after formation of dinosaur eggshells and before their petrification and that dinosaur eggs invaded by endolithic fungi would not be normally incubated or would only be incubated into venerable and pathologic baby dinosaurs to be easily to aborted and contributed to the mass extinction of the dinosaurs at the end of Cretaceous.

关键词： endolithic fungi dinosaur eggs mass extinction Cretaceous

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Calcite Cements in Burrows and Their Influence on Reservoir Property of the Donghe Sandstone, Tarim Basin, china

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第2期23卷 129-141页

作者：齐永安王敏郑伟李妲 Institute of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic University key laboratory of biogenic traces and sedimentary minerals of henan province Henan Polytechnic University

Abundant burrows of Skolithos linearis, Palaeophycus tubularis, and Taenidium barretti are preserved in the Upper Devonian Donghe sandstone of Tarim basin, china. They are commonly highlighted in core by the color of the burrow fill in contrast to the surrounding matrix and have dif-ferent textures and fabrics from the matrix. There are three kinds of calcite cements in burrows, microcrystalline-crystalline calcite cement, mosaic calcite cement, and ferroan calcite cement. Microcrystalline-crystalline calcite cement is widely distributed in the lower part of the Donghe sand-stone, but it is rare in burrows filling. It displays a globule structure under burial cementation and sel-dom replaces the quartz grains in shallow burial depth stage. Mosaiccalcite cement is widespread in the Donghe sansdtone reservoir of North Tarim basin. It shows chrysoidine, orange and bright orange lu-minescence, and intensely replaces the quartz grains, forming in early diagenetic and shallow burial depth stage. Ferroan calcite is asymmetrically distributed in the Donghe sandstone reservoir of Central Tarim basin. It fills the remanent pores in the shape of mosaic and replaces the quartz grains, matrix, and early calcite cement, forming in late diagenetic and deep burial depth stage. The burrows filled with white calcite cements have low oil saturation or may be oil-stained. In contrast, there is high oil saturation in the sandstone reservoir where the bioturbation is sparse or not present. With increased bioturbation, the porosity, permeability, and oil saturation decrease; thus, bioturbation intensity and reservoir property appear to be negatively correlated.

关键词： burrow calcite cement Donghe sandstone reservoir property.

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