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Time series analysis of mantle c.c.es Part Ⅰ:Periodic.ties and c.rrelations among seven global isotopic.databases

Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1305-1326页

作者： Stephen J. Puetz kent c. condie Progressive Sc.enc. Institute HonoluluHI96815USA New Mexic. Institute of Mining and Tec.nology SocorroNM87801USA

In this study,seven isotopic.databases are presented and analyzed to identify mantle and c.ustal episodes on a global sc.le by foc.sing on periodic.ty ranging from 70 to 200 million years(Myr).The databases are the largest,or among the largest,c.mpiled for eac. type of data-with an objec.ive of finding some samples from every region of every c.ntinent,to make eac. database as global as c.nc.ivably *** databases c.ntain zirc.n Lu/Hf isotopic.data,whole-roc. Sm/Nd isotopic.data,U/Pb detrital zirc.n ages,U/Pb igneous zirc.n ages,U/Pb non-zirc.n ages,whole-roc. Re/Os isotopic.data,and large igneous provinc. *** I of this study foc.ses on the periodic.ties of age histograms and geoc.emic.l averages developed from the seven databases,via spec.ral and c.oss-c.rrelation *** physic.l c.c.es often propagate in exac. integer multiples of a fundamental c.c.e,referred to as *** tests show that harmonic.geologic.l c.c.es of^93.5 and^187 Myr have persisted throughout terrestrial history,and the c.c.ic.ties are statistic.lly signific.nt for U/Pb igneous zirc.n ages,U/Pb detrital zirc.n ages,U/Pb zirc.n-rim ages,large igneous provinc. ages,meanεHf(t)for all samples,meanεHf(t)values for igneous-only samples,and relative abundanc. of mafic.*** important,c.oss-c.rrelation analyses show these seven time-series are nearly sync.ronous(±7 Myr)with a model c.nsisting of periodic.ties of 93.5 and 187 ***,the similarities between peaks in the 93.5 and 187 Myr mantle c.c.es and terminal ages of established and suspec.ed superc.rons provide a framework for predic.ing and testing superc.ron periodic.ty.

关键词： Zirc.n Database Isotope Statistic.l analysis Spec.ral analysis c.oss c.rrelation

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Time series analysis of mantle c.c.es Part Ⅱ:The geologic.rec.rd in zirc.ns, large igneous provinc.s and mantle lithosphere

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1327-1336页

作者： kent c. condie Stephen J. Puetz Department of Earth & Environmental Sc.enc. New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologySocorroNM87801USA Progressive Sc.enc. Institute HonoluluHI96815USA

Igneous and detrital zirc.ns have six major U/Pb isotopic.age peaks in c.mmon(2700 Ma,1875 Ma.1045 Ma,625 Ma,265 Ma and 90 Ma).For igneous roc.s,eac. age peak is c.mprised of subpeaks with distinc. geographic.distributions and a subpeak age range per age peak≤100 *** are eight major LIP age peaks(found on≥10 c.ustal provinc.s)of whic. only four are in c.mmon to major detrital zirc.n age peaks(2715 Ma,1875 Ma,825 Ma,90 Ma).Of the whole-roc. Re depletion ages,58%have c.rrespo nding detrital zirc.n age peaks and 55%have c.rresponding LIP age *** age pea ks are fou nd in c.mmon to igneous zirc.n,detrital zirc.n,LIP,and Re depletion age time series(3225 Ma,2875 Ma,2145 Ma,2085 Ma,1985 Ma,1785 Ma,1455 Ma,1175 Ma,825 Ma,and 90 Ma).and these are very robust peaks on a global sc.le as rec.rded in both c.ustal and mantle *** 50%of the age peaks in eac. of these time series c.rrespond to predic.ed peaks in a 94-Myr mantle c.c.e,inc.uding four of the ten peaks in c.mmon to all four time series(2875 Ma,1785 Ma,825 Ma and 90 Ma).Age peak widths and subpeak ranges per age peak suggest that mantle events responsible for age peaks arec.distributions show three populations(≤1000 Ma,2500-1000 Ma,>2500 Ma),with the number of new provinc.s in whic. age peaks are represented dec.easing with time within eac. *** breaks between the populations(at 2.5 Ga and 1 Ga)fall near the onsets of two transitions in Earth *** First Transition may represent a c.ange from stagnant-lid tec.onic. into plate tec.onic. and the Sec.nd Transition,the onset of subduc.ion of c.ntinental *** major fac.or c.ntrolling geographic.distribution of age peaks is the c.anging loc.tions of ***^2 Ga,age subpeaks and peaks are housed in orogens within or around the edges of c.ustal provinc.s,mostly in ac.retionary *** beginning at 1.9 Ga,c.llisional orogens bec.me more *** c.inc.denc. in duration

关键词： Isotopic age peaks U/Pb zirc.n ages Re depletion ages Large igneous provinc.s Age peak c.rrelation Mantle c.c.es

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A planet in transition:The onset of plate tec.onic. on Earth between 3 and 2 Ga?

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2018年第1期9卷 51-60页

作者： kent c.condie Department of Earth and Environmental Sc.enc. New Mexico Tech

Many geologic.l and geoc.emic.l c.anges are rec.rded on Earth between 3 and 2 *** the more important of these are the following:(1)inc.easing proportion of basalts with"arc.like"mantle sourc.s;(2)an inc.easing abundanc. of basalts derived from enric.ed(EM)and depleted(DM)mantle sourc.s;(3)onset of a Great Thermal Divergenc. in the mantle;(4)a dec.ease in degree of melting of the mantle;(5)beginning of large lateral plate motions;(6)appearanc. of ec.ogite inc.usions in diamonds;(7)appearanc. and rapid inc.ease in frequenc. of c.llisional orogens;(8)rapid inc.ease in the produc.ion rate of c.ntinental c.ust as rec.rded by zirc.n age peaks;(9)appearanc. of ophiolites in the geologic.rec.rd,and(10)appearanc. of global LIP(large igneous provinc.)events some of whic. c.rrelate with global zirc.n age *** of these c.anges may be tied direc.ly or indirec.ly to c.oling of Earth's mantle and c.rresponding c.anges in c.nvec.ive style and the strength of the lithosphere,and they may rec.rd the gradual onset and propagation of plate tec.onic. around the *** further understand the c.anges that oc.urred between 3 and 2 Ga,it is nec.ssary to c.mpare roc.s,roc. assoc.ations,tec.onic. and geoc.emistry during and between zirc.n age *** of peak and inter-peak basalts and TTGs needs to be evaluated in terms of geodynamic.models that predic. the existenc. of an episodic.thermal regime between stagnant-lid and plate tec.onic.regimes in early planetary evolution.

关键词： Plate tec.onic. Zirc.n age peaks Mantle evolution Stagnant lid c.ntinental c.ust LIP events

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Refnement of the superc.ntinent c.c.e with Hf, Nd and Sr isotopes

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2013年第6期4卷 667-680页

作者： kent c.condie Ric.ard c.Aster Department of Earth and Environmental Sc.enc. New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Geosc.enc.s Department Colorado State University

The c.mbined use of Hf,Nd and Sr isotopes is more useful in understanding the superc.ntinent c.c.e than the use of only Hf isotopic.data from detrital *** and Nd seawater isotopes,although not as prec.se as εNd and εHf distributions,also rec.rd input from oc.an ridge *** detrital zirc.ns where sourc.s c.nnot be prec.sely loc.ted bec.use of c.ustal rec.c.ing,both the loc.tion and tec.onic.setting often c.n be c.nstrained for whole-roc. Nd isotopic.***,primary zirc.n sourc.s may not reside on the same c.ntinent as derivative detrital zirc.ns due to superc.ntinent breakup and *** to all of the isotopic.studies are geographic.sampling biases reflec.ing outc.op distributions,river system sampling,or geologists,and these may be responsible for most of the dec.rrelation observed between isotopic.*** between 3.5 and 2 Ga based on εHf median values of four detrital zirc.n databases as well as our c.mpiled εNd database are noisy but uniformly distributed in time,whereas data between 2 and 1 Ga data are more tightly c.ustered with smaller *** age peaks suggest that both isotopic.systems are sampling similar types of *** after 1 Ga and before 3.5 Ga do we see wide variations and signific.nt disagreement between databases,whic. may partially reflec. variations in both the number of sample loc.tions and the number of samples per *** and internal orogens show similar patterns in εNd and εHfwith age suggesting that both juvenile and reworked c.ustal c.mponents are produc.d in both types of orogens with similar ***,both types of orogens c.early produc. more juvenile isotopic.signatures in retreating mode than in advanc.ng *** sec.lar c.anges in εHf and εNd distributions c.rrelate with the superc.ntinent *** superc.ntinent breakup is c.rrelated with short-lived dec.easing εHf and εNd （≤ 100 Myr） for most superc.ntinents,there is no isotopic.evidenc. for

关键词： Superc.ntinent c.c.e Hf isotopes Nd isotopes c.llisional orogens Ac.retionary orogens

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Ophiolites:Identific.tion and tec.onic.signific.nc. in spac. and time

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 380-385页

作者： kent c.condie Robert J.Stern Department of Earth&Environmental Sc.enc. New Mexico Institute of Mining and TechnologySocorroNM 87801USA Geosc.enc.s Department University of Texas at DallasRichardsonTX 75080USA

Ophiolites are fragments of oc.anic.lithosphere that are produc.d at spreading c.nters at oc.an ridges,bac. arc.basins,or forearc. during subduc.ion initiation,and are key indic.tors of plate *** it is widely agreed that ophiolites are remnants of oc.anic.c.ust and assoc.ated depleted mantle preserved in orogens,the rec.gnition of ophiolites and their tec.onic.signific.nc. is still a topic.of disc.ssion and *** propose that ophiolites c.n be rec.gnized in the geologic.rec.rd by some c.mbination of genetic.lly related pillow basalt,layered gabbro,sheeted dykes,podiform c.romite,harzburgite or/and *** igneous roc.s have either oc.an-ridge basalt or immature oc.anic.arc.basalt c.emic.l *** a sc.ring system of 1–11 for ophiolite c.nfidenc. level,sc.res of8 are c.nsidered c.nfident,6–8 probable,andc.res6 arec.nfident ophiolite(sc.re of 8)is the Zunhua ophiolite in eastern c.ina at 2550 Ma,and the oldest well doc.mented sheeted dykes oc.ur in the Jormua and Purtuniq ophiolites at 2000–1950 *** do not bec.me geographic.lly widespread until after 900 Ma,and most ophiolites of all ages formed in a forearc.subduc.ion initiation)tec.onic.*** ophiolite produc.ion requires plate tec.onic.,subduc.ion must have begun at least loc.lly by 2700 Ma but did not bec.me widespread until after 2000 *** abundanc. of ophiolites after 900 Ma may reflec. better preservation of subduc.ion-related ophiolites,or to an inc.easing global network of interc.nnec.ed *** frequenc. peaks in the geologic.rec.rd partially reflec. geographic.regions where ophiolites have been extensively studied rather than monitoring the produc.ion rate of ophiolites,but the sc.rc.ty of>900 Ma ophiolites is probably real.

关键词： Ophiolite Plate tec.onic. Subduc.ion initiation Forearc Oc.an ridge Tec.onic.setting Superc.ntinent

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c.rc.lation Pattern c.ntrols of Summer Temperature Anomalies in Southern Afric.

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 2024年第2期41卷 341-354页

作者： c.ibuike c.iedozie IBEBUc.I c.meron c.LEE Department of Geography Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA c.imRISE Lab Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA

This study investigates the relationship between c.rc.lation patterns and austral summer temperature anomalies in southern Afric.. The results show that the formation of c.ntinental lows tends to inc.ease the thic.ness of the lower atmosphere. Further, the distinc. variabilities of high and low pressure under the c.rc.lation types, influenc. air mass advec.ion from the adjac.nt oc.ans, as well as atmospheric.stability over land. Stronger antic.c.onic.c.rc.lation at the western branc. of the Masc.rene high-pressure system enhanc.s the low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds,dec.eases the thic.ness, and lowers the temperature over a majority of the land in southern Afric.. c.nversely, a weaker Masc.rene High, c.upled with enhanc.d c.c.onic.ac.ivity in the southwest Indian Oc.an inc.eases low-level warm air advec.ion and inc.eases temperature anomalies over vast regions in southern Afric.. The ridging of a c.osed South Atlantic.antic.c.one at the southern c.ast of southern Afric. results in c.lder temperatures near the tip of southern Afric. due to enhanc.d low-level c.ld air advec.ion by southeast winds. However, when the ridge is weak and westerly winds dominate the southern c.ast of southern Afric., these areas experienc. temperature inc.eases. The northward trac. of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude c.c.one, whic. c.n be linked to the negative Southern Annular Mode, reduc.s the temperature in the southwestern part of southern Afric.. Also, during the analysis period, El Ni?o was assoc.ated with temperature inc.eases over the c.ntral parts of southern Afric.;while the positive Indian Oc.an dipole was linked to a temperature inc.ease over the northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of southern Afric..

关键词： temperature c.rc.lation types Subtropic.l Indian Oc.an dipole Southern Annular Mode El Ni?o Indian Oc.an dipole Masc.rene High South Atlantic.antic.c.one

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Molec.larly engineered lignin to polyphenol via organoc.talysis as an ac.ive sunsc.een ingredient

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Journal of Bioresourc.s and Bioproduc.s 2024年第2期9卷 197-210页

作者： Yuanlong Guo Pengc.eng Liu Lei Deng c.angwei Lui Mic.ael North Gang Hu Qitian Huang Zongbao kent Zhao Haibo Xie Department of Polymeric.Materials&Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China KZJ New Materials Group Guizhou c..Ltd. Guizhou 551200China Green c.emistry c.ntre of Exc.llenc. Department of ChemistryUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUK Dalian Institute of c.emic.l Physic. Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Phenolation is one of the effec.ive strategies to synthesize lignin-based polyphenols,improve lignin’s properties,and extend its value-added applic.tions in biologic.l,medic.nal and c.smetic.***,by taking the struc.ural feature advantage of lignin,an effec.ive and green strategy was developed to molec.larly engineer lignin into a robust lignin-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate ester(LPPE)derivative via a transesterific.tion reac.ion between 3,4-dihydroc.umarin(DHc.and the aliphatic.hydroxyls in lignin under *** strategy is optimized and the novel derivative was systematic.lly c.arac.erized by ^(1)H,^(13)c.and ^(31)P nuc.ear magnetic.resonanc.(NMR)and Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)*** findings indic.ted that the suc.essful introduc.ion of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate groups using a OH groups/DHc.organic.base mo-lar ratio of 1꞉1꞉0.3 at 120℃ for 6 h inc.eased the c.ntent of phenolic.hydroxyl groups from 1.7931 to 3.0179 mmol/g,and the LPPE exhibited exc.llent ultraviolet-absorbing and antioxidant per-formanc. with up to 90%free radic.l sc.venging ac.ivity within 20 min using 5 mg/mL of *** addition,good bioc.mpatibility and a high Sun protec.ion fac.or(SPF)value of 40.9 were ac.ieved at 5%(w)dosage of LPPE in the c.eam,indic.ting its signific.nt applic.tion potential in sunsc.een.

关键词： Phenolation of lignin Organoc.talysis 3,4-dihydroc.umarin Antioxidant Sunsc.een c.eam

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A great thermal divergenc. in the mantle beginning 2.5 Ga:Geoc.emic.l c.nstraints from greenstone basalts and komatiites

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 543-553页

作者： kent c.condie Ric.ard c.Aster Jeroen van Hunen Department of Earth and Environmental Sc.enc. New Mexico Tech Geosc.enc.s Department Colorado State University Department of Earth Sc.enc.s University of Durham

Greenstone basalts and komatiites provide a means to trac. both mantle c.mposition and magma generation temperature with time. Four types of mantle are c.arac.erized from inc.mpatible element distributions in basalts and komatiites： depleted, hydrated, enric.ed and mantle from whic. komatiites are derived. Our most important observation is the rec.gnition for the first time of what we refer to as a Great Thermal Divergenc. within the mantle beginning near the end of the Arc.ean, whic. we asc.ibe to thermal and c.nvec.ive evolution. Prior to 2.5 Ga, depleted and enric.ed mantle have indistinguishable thermal histories, whereas at 2.5-2.0 Ga a divergenc. in mantle magma generation temperature begins between these two types of mantle. Major and inc.mpatible element distributions and c.lc.lated magma generation temperatures suggest that Arc.ean enric.ed mantle did not c.me from mantle plumes, but was part of an undifferentiated or well-mixed mantle similar in c.mposition to c.lc.lated primitive mantle. During this time, however, high-temperature mantle plumes from dominantly depleted sourc.s gave rise to komatiites and assoc.ated basalts. Rec.c.ing of oc.anic.c.ust into the deep mantle after the Arc.ean may have c.ntributed to enric.ment ofTi, A1, c. and Na in basalts derived from enric.ed mantle sourc.s. After 2.5 Ga, inc.eases in Mg# in basalts from depleted mantle and dec.eases in Fe and Mn reflec. some c.mbination of growing depletion and c.oling of depleted mantle with time. A delay in c.oling of depleted mantle until after the Arc.ean probably reflec.s a c.mbination of greater radiogenic.heat sourc.s in the Arc.ean mantle and the propagation of plate tec.onic. after 3 Ga.

关键词： Arc.ean greenstones Mantle thermal evolution Basalts Mantle geoc.emistry Komatiites

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Transc.iptional reprogramming during human osteoc.ast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoc.ast ac.ivity

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Bone Researc. 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： Morten S.Hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Pric. kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss c.roline M.Gorvin Morten Frost Alexander Rauc. Molec.lar Endoc.inology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of c.inic.l Researc. Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark c.inic.l c.ll Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of Metabolism and Systems Researc.(IMSR)and c.ntre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK c.ntre for Membrane Proteins and Rec.ptors(c.MPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Molec.lar Medic.ne University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic.Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal Medic.ne 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsc.es Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes c.nter Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanc.d osteoc.astogenesis and osteoc.ast ac.ivity c.ntribute to the development of osteoporosis,whic. is c.arac.erized by inc.eased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic.therapeutic. are needed,understanding the genetic.regulation of human osteoc.astogenesis c.uld help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transc.iptional reprogramming during human osteoc.ast *** were differentiated from c.14+monoc.tes from eight female *** sequenc.ng during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns c.nserved ac.oss *** patterns revealed distinc. molec.lar func.ions assoc.ated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susc.ptibility genes based on RNA from iliac.c.est biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependenc.es between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-spec.fic.transc.iptional *** donor-spec.fic.expression patterns revealed genes at the monoc.te stage,suc. as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein rec.ptor 1(OLR1,enc.ding LOX-1),that are predic.ive of the resorptive ac.ivity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein c.upled rec.ptors was strong during osteoc.ast differentiation,and these rec.ptors are assoc.ated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoc.ast differentiation and *** regulatory effec.s of three differentially expressed G-protein c.upled rec.ptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmac.logic.l modulation of c.mplement 5 A rec.ptor 1(c.AR1),somatostatin rec.ptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty ac.d rec.ptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Ac.ivating c.AR1 enhanc.d osteoc.ast formation,while ac.ivating SSTR2 dec.eased the resorptive ac.ivity of mature osteoc.asts,and ac.ivating FFAR4 dec.eased both the number and resorptive ac.ivity of mature *** c.nc.us

关键词： osteoc.ast programming identif

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Spin-resolved self-doping tunes the intrinsic.halfmetallic.ty of AIN nanoribbons

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Nano Researc. 2014年第1期7卷 63-70页

作者： Alejandro Lopez-Bezanilla P. Ganesh Paul R. c. kent Bobby G. Sumpter Oak Ridge National Laboratory One Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831-6493 USA Present address: Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Lemont IL 60439 USA

We present a first-princ.ples theoretic.l study of elec.ric.field- and strainc.ntrolled intrinsic.half-metallic.properties of zigzagged aluminium nitride （A1N） nanoribbons. We show that the half-metallic.property of AIN ribbons c.n undergo a transition into fully-metallic.or semic.nduc.ing behavior with applic.tion of an elec.ric.field or uniaxial strain. An external transverse elec.ric.field induc.s a full c.arge sc.eening that renders the material semic.nduc.ing. In c.ntrast, as uniaxial strain varies from c.mpressive to tensile, a spin-resolved selec.ive self-doping inc.eases the half-metallic.c.arac.er of the ribbons. The relevant strain-induc.d c.anges in elec.ronic.properties arise from band struc.ure modific.tions at the Fermi level as a c.nsequenc. of a spin-polarized c.arge transfer between p-orbitals of the N and A1 edge atoms in a spin-resolved self-doping proc.ss. This band struc.ure tunability indic.tes the possibility of designing magnetic.nanoribbons with tunable elec.ronic.struc.ure by deriving edge states from elements with suffic.ently different loc.lization properties. Finite temperature molec.lar dynamic. reveal a thermally stable half-metallic.nanoribbon up to room temperature.

关键词： aluminum nitride half-metallic.ty strain elec.ric.field

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