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Individual and geospatial factors associated with receipt of colorectal cancer screening:a state-wide mixed-level analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S02期12卷 18-25页

作者： j.nnifer E Bayly Mara A Schonberg Marcia C Castro kenneth j.Mukamal Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMassachusettsUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer death in US adults but can be reduced by *** roles of individual and contextual factors,and especially physician supply,in attaining universal CRC screening remains *** We used data from adults 50-75 years old participating in the 2018 New York(NY)Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System linked to county-level covariates,including primary care physician(PCP)density and gastroenterologist(GI)*** were analysed in *** analyses included(1)ecological and geospatial analyses of county-level CRC screening prevalence and(2)individual-level Poisson regression models of receipt of screening,adj.sted for socioeconomic and county-level contextual *** Mean prevalence of up-to-date CRC screening was 71%(95%CI 70%to 73%)across NY’s 62 ***-level CRC screening demonstrated significant spatial patterning(Global Moran’s I=0.14,p=0.04),consistent with the existence of county-level contextual *** both county-level and individual-level analyses,lack of health insurance was associated with lower likelihood of up-to-date screening(?−1.09(95%CI−2.00 to-0.19);adj.sted prevalence ratio 0.68(95%CI 0.60 to 0.77)),even accounting for age,race/ethnicity and *** contrast,county-level densities of both PCPs and GIs were completely unassociated with screening at either the county or individual *** expected,other determinants at the individual level included education status and *** In this state-wide representative analysis,physician density was completely unassociated with CRC screening,although health insurance status remains strongly *** similar screening environments,broadened insurance coverage for CRC screening is likely to improve screening far more effectively than increased physician supply.

关键词： state screening county

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Overall rate, location, and predictive factors for positive surgical margins after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 123-128页

作者： Sung Gu Kang Oscar Schatloff Abdul Muhsin Haidar Srinivas Samavedi kenneth j.Palmer j.n Cheon Vipul R Patel Department of Urology Korea University School of Medicine Seoul Korea From the Global Robotics Institute Florida Hospital Celebration Health Celebration and University of Central Florida School of Medicine Orlando Florida USA.

We report the overall rate, locations and predictive factors of positive surgical margins （PSMs） in 271 patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Between April 2008 and October 2011, we prospectively collected data from patients classified as D＇Amico high-risk who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Overall rate and location of PSMs were reported. Stepwise logistic regression models were fitted to assess predictive factors of PSM. The overall rate of PSMs was 25.1% （68 of 271 patients）. Of these PSM, 38.2% （26 of 68） were posterolateral （PL）, 26.5% （18 of 68） multifocal, 16.2% （11 of 68） in the apex, 14.7% （10 of 68） in the bladder neck, and 4.4% （3/68） in other locations. The PSM rate of patients with pathological stage pT2 was 8.6% （12 of 140）, 26.6% （17 of 64） of pT3a, 53.3% （32/60） of pT3b, and 100% （7 of 7） of pT4. In a logistic regression model including pre-, intra-, and post-operative parameters, body mass index （odds ratio [OR]. 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]： 1.01-1.19, P = 0.029）, pathological stage （pT3b or higher vs pT2; OR： 5.14; 95% Ch 1.92-13.78; P = 0.001） and percentage of the tumor （OR： 46.71; 95% CI： 6.37-342.57; P 〈 0.001） were independent predictive factors for PSMs. The most common location of PSMs in patients at high-risk was the PL aspect, which reflects the reported tumor aggressiveness. The only significant predictive factors of PSMs were pathological outcomes, such as percentage of the tumor in the specimen and pathological stage.

关键词： prostate prostatectomy prostatic neoplasm residual robotics

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Biomass Production of Cup Plant (<i>Silphium perfoliatum</i>L.) in Response to Variation in Plant Population Density in the North Central USA

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 904-910页

作者： Arvid Boe kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

The North American genus Silphium is receiving global attention for its potential in the development of new food, forage, and industrial crops, including cellulosic biomass for biofuel. Little is known about the effect of plant population density on biomass production in large, coarse perennial forbs. Our obj.ctive was to evaluate the effect of variation in plant density on biomass production and stand morphology of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.). Plant population densities of 17,000, 34,000, and 68,000 plants ha-1 were evaluated for biomass production in a single-harvest per annum system for three years at Brookings, SD and Arlington, WI. Biomass increased linearly by 43% between the low and high density at Brookings;whereas, at Arlington, response to variation in plant density was year dependent. Shoots plant-1 was inversely related to plant density with linear regression explaining >95% of the variation. Our results strongly suggested that further studies of effects of plant population density on biomass production in cup plant should include evaluation of, in addition to, densities higher than 68,000 plants ha-1.

关键词： Biofuel Shoot Density Shoots Plant-1 Stand Morphology Cup Plant Moth Eucosma giganteana Riley Biotic Stress Abiotic Stress

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The proteome of distal nerves: implication in delayed repair and poor functional recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1998-2006页

作者： Song Guo Raymond M.Moore M.Cristine Charlesworth kenneth L.j.hnson Robert j.Spinner Anthony j.Windebank Huan Wang Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Proteomics Core Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Chronic denervation is one of the key factors that affect nerve *** axotomy deteriorates the distal nerve stump,causes protein changes,and renders the microenvironment less permissive for *** of these factors/proteins have been individually *** better delineate the comprehensive protein expression profiles and identify proteins that contribute to or are associated with this detrimental effect,we carried out a proteomic analysis of the distal nerve using an established delayed rat sciatic nerve repair *** rats that received immediate repair after sciatic nerve transection served as control,whereas four rats in the experimental group(chronic denervation)had their sciatic nerve repaired after a 12-week *** the rats were sacrificed after 16 weeks to harvest the distal nerves for extracting ***-five micrograms of protein from each sample were fractionated in SDS-PAGE ***-MS/MS analysis was applied to the *** expression levels of nerves on the surgery side were compared to those on the contralateral *** protein with a P value of less than 0.05 and a fold change of 4 or higher was deemed differentially *** the differentially expressed proteins in both groups were further stratified according to the biological processes.A PubMed search was also conducted to identify the differentially expressed proteins that have been reported to be either beneficial or detrimental to nerve *** Pathway Analysis(IPA)software was used for pathway *** results showed that 709 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the delayed repair group,with a bigger proportion of immune and inflammatory process-related proteins and a smaller proportion of proteins related to axon regeneration and lipid metabolism in comparison to the control group where 478 differentially expressed proteins were *** experimental group also had more beneficial proteins that were d

关键词： chronic axotomy chronic denervation delayed repair distal nerve functional recovery nerve regeneration peripheral nerve prolonged denervation proteome sciatic nerve sciatic nerve transection

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Biomass Production of Monocultures and Mixtures of Cup Plant and Native Grasses on Prime and Marginal Cropland

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 911-924页

作者： Arvid Boe kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Department of Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

To date, most candidate systems for producing herbaceous cellulosic biomass have been composed of monocultures of perennial or annual grasses. Ecosystem goods and services provided from these biomass feedstock production systems could be increased dramatically with mixing of one or more forb species that would increase biodiversity and provide habitat for pollinators. Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is featured with many desirable characteristics, such as high biomass potential, adaptation to marginal soils, and attractiveness to pollinators, desirable in a dicot species to grow in mixtures with perennial warm-season grasses. The obj.ctive of this study was to compare cup plant, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) monocultures to their mixtures for biomass production on prime and poorly drained marginal crop land for two years in both South Dakota and Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, monocultures of prairie cordgrass and cup plant and their mixture produced more biomass (8.1 Mg·ha-1) than the switchgrass monoculture and switchgrass/cup plant mixture (5.3 Mg·ha-1) on both prime and marginal land. While in South Dakota, drought and meristem destruction by the cup plant moth (Eucosma giganteana Riley) caused large reductions in biomass production (1.7 Mg·ha-1) in both years, with the switchgrass/cup plant mixture on marginal land having the highest yield (2.1 Mg·ha-1). Our study showed binary mixtures of cup plant and native warm-season grasses have great potential for increasing biodiversity and other ecosystem goods and services, relative to monocultures, for sustainable biomass feedstock production on poorly drained marginal land in the northcentral USA.

关键词： Silphium perfoliatum L. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. Prairie Cordgrass Spartina pectinata Link Bioenergy Pollinators Eucosma giganteana Riley Ecosystem Goods and Services

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Fluorescence Intensity Decay Shape Analysis Microscopy （FIDSAM） for Quantitative and Sensitive Live-Cell Imaging： A Novel Technique for Fluorescence Microscopy of Endogenously Expressed Fusion-Proteins

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 555-562页

作者： Frank Schleifenbaum Kirstin Elgass Marcus Sackrow Katharina Caesar kenneth Berendzen Alfred j. Meixner Klaus Hatter Center for Plant Molecular Biology Department of Plant Physiology University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 1 72076 Tubingen Germany Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry University of Tubingen Auf der Morgenstelle 8 72076 Tubingen Germany

Fluorescent studies of living plant cells such as confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging often suffer from a strong autofluorescent background contribution that significantly reduces the dynamic image contrast and the quantitative access to sub-cellular processes at high spatial resolution. Here, we present a novel technique--fluorescence intensity decay shape analysis microscopy （FIDSAM） to enhance the dynamic contrast of a fluorescence image of at least one order of magnitude. The method is based on the analysis of the shape of the fluorescence intensity decay （fluorescence lifetime curve） and benefits from the fact that the decay patterns of typical fluorescence label dyes strongly differ from emission decay curves of autofluorescent sample areas. Using FIDSAM, we investigated Arabidopsis thaliana hypocotyl cells in their tissue environment, which accumulate an eGFP fusion of the plasma membrane marker protein LTI6b （LTI6b-eGFP） to low level. Whereas in conventional confocal fluorescence images, the membranes of neighboring cells can hardly be optically resolved due to the strong autofluorescence of the cell wall, FIDSAM allows for imaging of single, isolated membranes at high spatial resolution. Thus, FIDSAM will enable the sub-cellular analysis of even low-expressed fluorophoretagged proteins in living plant cells. Furthermore, the combination of FIDSAM with fluorescence lifetime imaging provides the basis to study the local physico-chemical environment of fluorophore-tagged biomolecules in living plant cells.

关键词： Cell structure cell walls membrane proteins high-resolution fluorescence microscopy.

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Rectification of RF Fields in Load Dependent Coupled Systems: Application to Non-Invasive Electroceuticals

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j.urnal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 112-121页

作者： Sree N. Koneru Charles R. Westgate kenneth j. McLeod Clinical Science and Engineering Research Laboratory Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA

Electroceuticals are medical devices that employ electric signals to alter the activity of specific nerve fibers to achieve therapeutic effects. The rapid growth of RF microelectronics has resulted in the development of very small, portable, and inexpensive shortwave and microwave radio frequency (RF) amplifiers, raising the possibility of utilizing these new RF technologies to develop non-contact electroceutical devices. However, the bio-electromagnetics literature suggests that beyond 10 MHz, RF fields cannot influence biological tissue, beyond simple heating, because effective demodulation mechanisms at these frequencies do not exist in the body. However, RF amplifiers operating at or near saturation have non-linear interactions with complex loads, and if body tissue creates a complex loading condition, the opportunity exists for the coupled system to produce non-linear effects, that is, the equivalent of demodulation may occur. Correspondingly, exposure of tissue to pulsed RF energy could result in the creation of low frequency demodulation components capable of influencing tissue activity. Here, we develop a one-dimen- sional, numerical simulation to investigate the complex loading conditions under which such demodulation could arise. Applying these results in a physical prototype device, we show that up to7.5% demodulation can be obtained for a 40 MHz RF field pulsed at 1 KHz. Implications for this research include the possibility of developing wearable, electromagnetic electroceutical de- vices.

关键词： RF Demodulation in Tissue Non-Linear Coupling Complex Load-Line Electroceuticals Neuromodulation Stochastic Resonance

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Enhancing plastic deformability of Mg and its alloys—A review of traditional and nascent developments

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2017年第4期5卷 460-475页

作者： kenneth Kanayo Alaneme Eloho Anita Okotete Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria African Materials Science Engineering Network AMSEN(A Carnegie-IAS RISE Network)AkureNigeria

Mg and its alloys have continued to attract interest for several structural and super-sensitive applications because of their light weight and good combination of engineering *** for some of these applications,high plastic deformability is required to achieve desired component shapes and configurations;unfortunately,Mg and its alloys have low ***,the plastic behaviour of Mg and its alloys ranks among the most complex and difficult to reconcile in metallic material *** basically,the HCP crystal structure coupled with low stacking fault energies(SFE)are largely linked to the poor ductility exhibited by Mg *** innate material characteristics have regrettably limited wide spread applicability of Mg and its *** research efforts aimed at exploring processing strategies to make these alloys more amenable for high formability–mediated engineering use have been reported and still *** paper reviews the structural metallurgy of Mg alloys and its influence on mechanical behaviour,specifically,plasticity *** also concisely presents various processing routes(Alloying,Traditional Forming and Severe Plastic Deformation(SPD))which have been explored to enhance plastic deformability in Mg and its *** refinement and homogenising of phases,reducing CRSS between slip modes,twinning suppression to activate non-basal slip,and weakening and randomisation of the basal texture were observed as the formability enhancing strategies explored in the reviewed *** identifying the limitations of these strategies,further areas to be explored for enhancing plasticity of Mg alloys are highlighted.

关键词： Mg alloys HCP crystal structure Basal texture Severe plastic deformation Formability

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Characterization of Baram and Tanj.ng sands as potential proppants

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第3期2卷 175-180页

作者： Henry Elochukwu kenneth Kho Khai Kiat Department of Petroleum Engineering Curtin UniversityCDT25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia

Baram and Tanj.ng sands were evaluated for potential use as *** was conducted on Baram and Tanj.ng sands following ISO and ASTM recommended *** showed that Baram and Tanj.ng sand mineralogy is predominantly quartz with presence of metal *** descriptors of both sands for sphericity and roundness were above *** sand was retained by 20/40 mesh size with mean size of 448.2 mm,bulk density of 1.32 g/cc,acid solubility of 1.5%and crush resistance of 4000 *** Tanj.ng sand was retained by 30/50 mesh size with mean size of 383.2 mm,bulk density of 1.30 g/cc,acid solubility of 1.20%and crush resistance of 8000 *** indicates that Baram sand has larger grain size that supports high permeability at low closure stress,making this sand suitable for shallow depth hydraulic fracturing operations,whereas Tanj.ng sand is more suitable for deeper domains with high closure *** results and economic comparison with commercial frac sand and other proppant types support using Baram and Tanj.ng sands as potential proppants.

关键词： Baram sand Tanj.ng sand Crush resistance Proppant Hydraulic fracturing

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Utilization of mechanical compression as a disinfestation technique for Hessian fly(Mayetiola destructor(say))in timothy hay:Field test

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International j.urnal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第4期4卷 12-20页

作者： Lope G.Tabil S.Talebi M.D.shaw W.j.Crerar Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

Baled timothy hay underwent testing at a hay processing plant in Canada to determine if mechanical compression(rebaling)could be used as a disinfestation protocol for Hessian fly(Mayetiola destructor(Say))*** sensitive films were randomly placed throughout the hay material,on the chamber walls,and in different orientations,to assess the hay compaction unit’s ability to induce the required pressure to crash a Hessian fly puparium in the *** to the pressure films were organdy cages containing wheat seedlings infested with Hessian fly *** variables which were tested included the hold time(0.5 and 2.0 s),applied pressure(10.34 and 12.41 MPa),and timothy hay quality(low-moisture first cut,high-moisture first cut and high-moisture second cut hay).A total of 36 tests were *** each test,10 Hessian fly cages and 10 pressure sensitive films were *** test cage contained approximately 168.56 Hessian fly puparia,translating into a total Hessian fly count of 60681 for the entire field *** of the pressure sensitive films showed that 100%of the hay experienced at least 200 kPa(29 psi)of *** the 75-day post experiment emergence period,0.0066%of the puparia survived,which may be due to the fact that the emerged puparia might have not been crushed and not subj.cted to a pressure of at least 20.6 *** applied pressures affected Hessian fly emergence by considerably reducing the number of puparia that ***,Hessian fly emerged from one of the cages in two *** of the Hessian fly puparia were destroyed irrespective of the applied pressure,hold time or hay quality.

关键词： mechanical compression Hessian fly disinfestation hay bale rebaling emergence

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