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droplet-based bioprinting enables the fabrication of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite tissue precursors

Bio-design and Manufacturing 2022年第3期5卷 512-528页

作者： Marcin Kotlarz Ana M.Ferreira Piergiorgio Gentile Stephen J.Russell kenneth dalgarno School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE17RUUK School of design University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Composites offer the option of coupling the individual benefits of their constituents to achieve unique material properties,which can be of extra value in many tissue engineering *** combining hydrogelswith fibre-based scaffolds can create tissue constructs with enhanced biological and structural ***,developing efficient and scalable approaches to manufacture such composites is ***,we use a droplet-based bioprinting system called reactive jet impingement(ReJI)to integrate a cell-laden hydrogel with a microfibrous *** system uses microvalves connected to different bioink reservoirs and directed to continuously jet bioink droplets at one another in mid-air,where the droplets react and form a hydrogel that lands on a microfibrous ***–hydrogel–fibre composites are produced by embedding human dermal fibroblasts at two different concentrations(5×10^(6) and 30×10^(6) cells/mL)in a collagen–alginate–fibrin hydrogel matrix and bioprinted onto a fibre-based *** results show that both types of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite maintain high cell viability and promote cell–cell and cell–biomaterial *** lower fibroblast density triggers cell proliferation,whereas the higher fibroblast density facilitates faster cellular organisation and infiltration into the ***,the fibrous component of the composite is characterised by high swelling properties and the quick release of calcium *** data indicate that the created composite constructs offer an efficient way to create highly functional tissue precursors for laminar tissue engineering,particularly for wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.

关键词： Bioprinting Hydrogel–fibre composites High-cell-density hydrogels Composite manufacturing

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CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROGASTROGRAPHY．

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 1996年第S1期2卷 21-23页

作者： kenneth L Koch kenneth L Koch MD Gastroenterology Division Department of Medicine The Pennsylvania State University Hershey PA United States

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ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＦＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＧＡＳＴＲＯＧＲＡＰＨＹ．ＫｅｎｎｅｔｈＬ．Ｋｏｃｈ，Ｍ．Ｄ．ＧａｓｔｒｏｅｎｔｅｒｏｌｏｇｙＤｉｖｉｓｉｏｎ，ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ＴｈｅＰｅｎｓｙｌｖａｎｉａＳｔａｔ...

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St Lawrence Seaway: Eastern Great Lakes, the Niagara River and Welland Canal Replacement, Maintenance and Protection

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2020年第9期12卷 778-799页

作者： kenneth R. Olson Cory d. Suski department of Natural Resources College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

The Eastern Great Lakes region covers 51,000 square km of land, and is home to 15 million people. This region is rich in natural resources, industry and agriculture, and forms the heartland of both Canada and the United States. The development of this region has a history that is closely tied to waterways, and the development of canals that promoted growth and prosperity. The St. Lawrence Seaway connects Western and Eastern Great Lakes to the St Lawrence River and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. The New York State Canal and the St. Lawrence Seaway were linked by the Oswego canal and provided a shorter route for cargo via barges to New York City. The New York State (NYS) Barge Canal and the St. Lawrence Seaway provided pathways for the settlement of the Eastern Great Lakes. Lake Erie drains into Lake Ontario via the Niagara River but the river was not navigable due to the obstacles of Niagara Falls and the Niagara Escarpment. Until the 1820s ships could not travel into Lake Erie. It was not possible to engineer a bypass of Niagara Falls with a series of locks due to the 100 m high Niagara escarpment. This escarpment obstacle to Niagara River navigation was overcome in 1829 with the completion of the first of four Welland Canals with locks 40 kilometers west of the Niagara River through the glacial till and alluvium that overlays the Niagara Escarpment. This permitted ocean going ships to enter Lake Erie and to continue on to Lake Michigan, Lake Huron and Lake Superior. The Eastern Great Lake shorelines, river banks and canals are actively eroding as a consequence of high surface water levels and flooding. The settlement of millions of people into the Eastern Great Lakes via the NYS Barge Canal and St. Lawrence Seaway migration pathways have created environmental and natural resource risks and challenges. These challenges and risks include deterioration of the Fourth Welland Canal and the need to replace it with the Fifth Welland Canal, industrial and urban wastewater dis

关键词： Horseshoe Fall Lake Erie Lake Ontario Niagara Escarpment Niagara Falls

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TARGET： A Transient Transformation System for Genome-Wide Transcription Factor Target discovery

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Molecular Plant 2013年第3期6卷 978-980页

作者： Bastiaan O.R. Bargmann Amy Marshall-Colon Idan Efroni Sandrine Ruffel kenneth d. Birnbaum Gloria M. Coruzzi Gabriel Krouk Center for Genomics and Systems Biology Department of Biology New York University New York NY 10003 USA Biochimie et Physiologie Mol~culaire des Plantes UMR 5004 CNRS/ INRA/SupAgro-M/UM2 Institut de Biologie Integrative des Plantes-Claude Grignon Montpellier France

dear Editor, determining the fundamental structure of gene regulatory networks （GRN） is a major challenge of systems biology. In particular, inferring GRN structure from comprehensive gene expression and transcription factor （TF）-promoter interaction data sets has become an increasingly sought-after aim in both fundamental and agronomical research in plant biology （Bonneau et al., 2007; Ruffel et al., 2010）.

关键词： TARGET Transient Transformation

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Current State of Strain in the Central Cascadia Margin derived from Changes in distance between GPS Stations

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2015年第1期4卷 23-36页

作者： kenneth M. Cruikshank Curt d. Peterson department of Geology Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

Using continuously operating Global Positioning Stations in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, over 100 station-station baseline length changes were determined along seven West-East transects, two North-South transects and in three localized areas to determine both the average annual strains over the past several years, and the variation in strain over the central Cascadia convergent margin. The North-South transects (composed of multiple baselines) show shortening. Along West-East transects some baselines show shortening and others extension. The direction of the principle strains calculated for two areas 100 km from the deformation front are close to per-pendicular to the deformation front. The North-South strains are 10?8 a?1, which is an order-of-magnitude less than the West-East strains (10?7 a?1). Along several West-East transects, the magnitude of the strain increases away from the deformation front. All West-East transects showed a change in strain 250 km inland from deformation front.

关键词： Convergent Margin Cascadia Strain Strain-Energy GPS

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Late Stage Interseismic Strain Interval, Cascadia Subduction Zone Margin, USA and Canada

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2017年第1期6卷 1-34页

作者： kenneth M. Cruikshank Curt d. Peterson department of Geology Portland State University Portland OR USA

Modern horizontal strain (2006-2016) measured along 56 new and 108 previously published GPS station baselines are used to establish the length (800 km) and width (300 - 400 km) of the central Cascadia convergent margin seismogenic structure. Across-margin (west-east) annual rates of shortening range from 10﹣9 a﹣1 at the eastern (landward) limit of the central Cascadia seismogenic structure to 10﹣7 a﹣1 along the western onshore portion of the interplate zone. Relatively high shortening strain rates (10﹣8 a﹣1 to 10﹣7 a﹣1) are also measured in western transects from the northern (Explorer plate) and southern (Gorda plate) segments of the convergent margin, demonstrating that the full length of the margin (1300 km length) is currently capable of sustaining and/or initiating a major great earthquake. Vertical GPS velocities are averaged over the last decade at 321 stations to map patterns of uplift (0 - 5 mm yr﹣1) and subsidence (0 - 9 mm yr﹣1) relative to the study area mean. Along-margin belts of relative uplift and subsidence, respectively, are approximately associated with Coast Ranges and the Cascade volcanic arc. However, the vertical velocity data are locally heterogeneous, demonstrating patchy “anomalies” within the larger along-margin belts. A large coastal subsidence anomaly occurs in southwest Washington where the modern short-term trend is reversed from the long-term (~200 yr) tidal marsh record of coastal uplift since the last co-seismic subsidence event (Ad1700). The modern vertical displacements represent a late stage of the current inter-seismic interval. If the horizontal strain is considered largely or fully elastic, extrapolating the modern strain rates over the last 100 years show the accumulated strains would be similar in magnitude to the observed co-seismic strains resulting from the Tōhoku, Japan, Mw 9.0 earthquake in 2011. We believe that the central Cascadia seismogenic structure has accumulated sufficient elastic strain energy, during the last

关键词： Convergent Margin Cascadia Strain Strain-Energy GPS

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Cascadia Convergent Zone: An Example of Primary Convergent Seismogenic Structure

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2019年第2期8卷 132-164页

作者： kenneth M. Cruikshank Curt d. Peterson department of Geology Portland State University Portland Oregon USA

In this article, a case is made for very-large or primary seismogenic structures in convergent margins, based on anomalous large earthquake magnitudes (Mw 8 - 9) relative to rupture lengths. Out of 56,293 earthquakes (magnitudes ≥ 5) cataloged worldwide, the 10 largest events in transform, divergent, and interior settings average magnitudes of 7.3 - 7.6. But in convergent margins, the average magnitude of the 10 largest events is 8.5, roughly 32 times more energy than the other neotectonic settings. The large anomalous magnitudes of energy release in convergent margins are attributed to the transfer of inter-plate stress to the upper-plate, where convergent elastic strain is accumulated during interseismic intervals. The large volumes of rock that accumulate the elastic strain in the upper-plates of convergent zones are defined here as primary seismogenic structures. Several datasets of 1) modern upper-plate convergent strain, 2) historical earthquakes, 3) modern upper-plate vertical displacements, and 4) recent inter-plate events of Episodic Tremor and Slip (ETS) are compared to establish the extent of the primary seismogenic structure in the Cascadia convergent zone. The across-margin extents of 1) significant convergent strain, 2) margin-parallel bands of vertical displacement, 3) historical seismicity and 4) ETS events, representing inter-plate coupling and shear stress transfer to strain accumulation in the upper-plate, are used to map the width of the primary seismogenic structure. The across-margin width of the primary seismogenic structure in the central Cascadia margin ranges from 300 km in the south-central margin to 450 km in the north-central margin, as mapped landward from the buried trench. A broad source region of coseismic energy release in the Cascadia primary seismogenic structure (300 - 450 km width) could yield stronger shaking in interior metropolitan centers from a future major rupture of the mega-thrust than has been modeled from a narrow “loc

关键词： Subduction Zone Crustal Structure Seismicity Strain deformation

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Strain Energy Release from the 2011 9.0 Mw Tōhoku Earthquake, Japan

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2013年第4期2卷 75-83页

作者： kenneth M. Cruikshank Curt d. Peterson department of Geology Portland State University Portland USA

The purpose of this paper is to compare the strain energy released due to elastic rebound of the crust from the tragic 2011 9.0 MwTōhoku earthquake in Japan with the observed radiated seismic energy. The strain energy was calculated by analyzing coseismic displacements of 1024 GPS stations of the Japanese GEONET network. The value of energy released from the analysis is 1.75 × 1017J, which is of the same order of magnitude as the USGS-observed radiated seismic energy of 1.9 × 1017Nm (J). The strain energy method is independent of seismic methods for determining the energy released during a large earthquake. The analysis shows that although the energy release is concentrated in the epicentral region, about 12% of the total energy was released throughout the Japanese islands at distances greater than 500 km west of the epicenter. Our results also show that outside the epicentral region, the strainenergy was concentrated along known tectonic zones throughout Japan.

关键词： Japan Earthquake Crustal Strain GPS Radiated Energy

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Systemic RNAi in western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera, does not involve transitive pathways

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 45-56页

作者： Huarong Li Andrew J. Bowling Premchand Gandra Murugesan Rangasamy Heather E. Pence Robert E. McEwan Chitvan Khajuria Blair d. Siegfried kenneth E. Narva dow AgroSciences LLC 9330 Zionsville Rd. Indianapolis Indiana USA department of Entomology University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska USA Monsanto Company Chesterfield Missouri USA Entomology and Nematology department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Western corn rootworm （WCR, diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte） is highly sensitive to orally delivered double-stranded RNA （dsRNA）. RNAi in WCR is systemic and spreads throughout the insect body. This raises the question whether transitive RNAi is a mechanism that functions in WCR to amplify the RNAi response via production of secondary siRNA. Secondary siRNA production is achieved through RNA-dependent RNA polymerase （RdRP） activity in other eukaryotic organisms, but RdRP has not been identified in WCR and any other insects. This study visualized the spread of the RNAi- mediated knockdown of dr v-ATPase C mRNA throughout the WCR gut and other tissues using high-sensitivity branched dNA in situ hybridization. Furthermore, we did not detect either secondary siRNA production or transitive RNAi in WCR through siRNA sequence profile analysis. Nucleotide mismatched sequences introduced into either the sense or antisense strand of v-ATPase C dsRNAs were maintained in siRNAs derived from WCR fed with the mismatched dsRNAs in a strand specific manner. The distribution of all siRNAs was restricted to within the original target sequence regions, which may indicate the lack of new dsRNA synthesis leading to production of secondary siRNA. Thus, the systemic spread of RNAi in WCR may be derived from the original dsRNA molecules taken up from the gut lumen. These results indicate that the initial dsRNA dose is important for a lethal systemic RNAi response in WCR and have implications in developing effective dsRNA traits to control WCR and in resistance management to prolong the durability of RNAi trait technology.

关键词： corn rootworm diabrotica secondary siRNA production systemic RNAi transitive RNAi

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项目质量管理

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作者： (美)肯尼斯·罗斯(kenneth H. rose)

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