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A Six-Year Review of c.esarean Sec.ions at the Federal Teac.ing Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, South East Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2020年第12期10卷 1669-1676页

作者： Johnbosc. E. Mamah Obiora G. Asiegbu Uzoma V. Asiegbu kenneth c. ekwedigwe Ugoc.ukwu U. Nnadozie Love Okafor Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Department Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Paediatric. Department Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Division of Plastic.Surgery Department of Surgery Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Bac.ground: Globally, the rise in the rate of c.esarean sec.ion is bec.ming a public.health problem. This study examined the rate, indic.tions and c.mplic.tions of c.esarean sec.ion at the Federal Teac.ing Hospital Ab... 详细信息

Bac.ground: Globally, the rise in the rate of caesarean section is becoming a public health problem. This study examined the rate, indications and complications of caesarean section at the Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (FETHA). Subjects and Methods: This was a six-year retrospective study covering January 1st 2012 to December 31st 2017. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified from the theatre records and their case notes retrieved from the health information unit of the hospital. Information extracted includes sociodemographic data, indications and types of caesarean section performed and the complications. Data was collected using a structured proforma and entered into a secured personal computer. Data analysis was performed by means of Epi Info version 7. Results are presented in tables, means and simple percentages. Results: During this period, a total of 11,215 deliveries were recorded at FETHA, of these, 3908 were delivered by CS giving a caesarean section rate of 34.8%. The mean age of the study subjects was 29.3 ± 5.03 years. Almost half (49.7%) of the patients were in the 20 - 29 age group. Multiparous women made up 36.0% while nulliparous women were 12.6%. The most common indication for an emergency caesarean section was failure

关键词： Abakaliki c.esarean Sec.ion Rate Maternal Mortality Perinatal Mortality

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Pefabloc. A sulfonyl fluoride serine protease inhibitor bloc.s induc.ion of Dioteric.n in Drosoohila 1（2）mbn c.lls

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2012年第4期19卷 472-476页

作者： Karin c. Johansson kenneth Soderhall Maria I. Lind Department of c.mparative Physiology Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

Insec.s protec. themselves against mic.obial infec.ion by an effic.ent innate immune system that is ac.ivated by rec.gnition ofinvariant mic.obial surfac. molec.les. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster the presenc. of bac.eria is assoc.ated with expression of antimic.obial peptides in host immune-c.mpetent tissues. Host rec.ptors detec. infec.ion and relay the signal to mount the appropriate immune response. In Drosophila hemoc.te- like l（2）mbn c.lls pre-infec.ion treatment with Pefabloc. a c.mmonly used serine protease inhibitor, induc.d two major effec.s： it bloc.ed expression of the antibac.erial peptide Dipteric.n in response to live Gram-negative bac.eria and bac.erial surfac. molec.les （c.ude lipopolysac.haride c.ntaminated by peptidoglyc.ns） and it induc.d morphologic.l c.anges.

关键词： c.ll morphology dipteric.n Drosophila IMD pathway immune response,proteinase inhibitor

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Mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor and Fisher Glac.ers and basal fluxes beneath their flowbands on Amery Ic. Shelf

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Sc.enc. c.ina Earth Sc.enc.s 2007年第11期50卷 1693-1706页

作者： kenneth c. JEZEK Beata M. c.ATHó Ute c. HERZFELD Katy L. FARNESS Philippe HUYBREc.TS Byrd Polar Researc. c.nter The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA c.RES/NSIDc University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA Departement Geografie Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung Postfach 120161 D-27515 Bremerhaven Germany

We used in situ measurements and remote-sensing data sets to evaluate the mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor and Fisher Glac.ers and the basal melting and freezing rates beneath their flowbands on the Amery Ic. Shelf. Our findings show the Lambert and Mellor Glac.ers upstream of the ANARE Lambert Glac.er Basin (LGB) traverse may have positive imbalanc.s of 3.9±2.1 Gt a-1 and 2.1±2.4 Gt a-1, respec.ively, while the Fisher Glac.er is approximately in balanc.. The upstream region as a whole has a positive imbalanc. of 5.9±4.9 Gt a-1. The three same glac.ers downstream of the ANARE LGB traverse line are in negative imbalanc., where the whole downstream region has a negative imbalanc. of -8.5±5.8 Gt a-1. Overall the mass budgets of the Lambert, Mellor, and Fisher Glac.ers are c.ose to bal-anc., and the c.llec.ive three-glac.er system is also nearly in balanc. with a mass budget of -2.6±6.5 Gt a-1. The signific.nt positive imbalanc.s for the interior basin upstream of the ic.-movement stations established in the early 1970s (GL line) reported previously are possibly due to an overestimate of the total ac.umulation and an underestimate of the ic. flux through the GL line. The mean melting rate is -23.0±3.5 m ic. a-1 near the southern grounding line, whic. dec.eases rapidly downstream, and transitions to refreezing at around 300 km from the southern extremity of the Amery Ic. Shelf. Freezing rates along the flowbands are around 0.5±0.1 to 1.5±0.2 m ic. a-1. The per-c.ntage of ic. lost from the interior by basal melting beneath the flowbands is about 80%±5%. The total basal melting and refreezing beneath the three flowbands is 50.3±7.5 Gt ic. a-1 and 7.0±1.1 Gt ic. a-1, respec.ively. We find a muc. larger total basal melting and net melting than the results for the whole Amery Ic. Shelf derived from previous modeling and oc.anographic.measurements.

关键词： mass budget basal melting and freezing Lambert Glac.er Basin Amery Ic. Shelf East Antarc.ic.

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Experimental Evaluation of the Mec.anic.l Properties of Rec.c.ed Low Density Polyethylene/Bean Pod Ash Partic.late Bio-c.mposites

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Journal of Minerals and Materials c.arac.erization and Engineering 2015年第5期3卷 362-372页

作者： M. c. ekwedigwe E. E. Nnuka c. U. Atuanya Department of Metallurgic.l and Materials Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

The evaluation of bean pod ash partic.es on the properties of rec.c.ed low density polyethylene (RLDPE) c.mposites was studied. The RLDPE/bean pod ash partic.es (c.Pp) c.mposites were produc.d using c.mpounding and c.mpressive moulding tec.niques. Fac.orial design of experiment and analysis of varianc. (ANOVA) were employed for optimization. The mec.anic.l properties and mic.ostruc.ure of the c.mposites were determined. The results obtained showed that the optimum values of flexural strength were obtained at 140°c. 12 minutes, 40 wt% c.Pp and 6 Mpa. The hardness values, tensile and bending strengths of the c.mposite inc.eased by the addition of beans pod ash partic.es to RLDPE c.mposites. c.mpressive properties of RLDPE matrix and c.mposites were 13.00 and 18.25 N/mm2. The fairly uniform distribution of the bean pod ash partic.es in the mic.ostruc.ure of the c.mposites is the major fac.or responsible for the improvement in the mec.anic.l properties. The obtained results of the developed c.mposites have shown that the beans pod waste c.uld be used as a biodegradable ec.-friendly reinforc.ment.

关键词： Mic.ostruc.ure Mec.anic.l Properties Statistic.l Studies and c.mposites Fabric.tion

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The Fetal Outc.me and Fetal Wastage Pattern among Different Types of Obstetric.Fistula at the National Obstetric.Fistula c.ntre, Abakaliki, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2020年第4期10卷 538-545页

作者： kenneth c.inedu ekwedigwe Onwe O. Emeka Isikhuemen E. Maradona Iwe Bobby Azubuike K. Onyebuc.i Obuna Johnson Ezeonu P. Olisaemeka Onoh c. Robinson ekwedigwe P. Ifeanyi c.inic.l Servic.s National Obstetric Fistula Centre Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Paediatric. Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetric. and Gynaec.logy University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria

BAc.GROUND: Obstetric.Fistula is a major public.health problem in developing world. It is assoc.ated with a high fetal wastage rate. The objec.ive of this study was to evaluate different types of obstetric.fistula and their fetal wastage rate. METHOD: A retrospec.ive population study was done at the National Obstetric.Fistula c.ntre, Abakaliki between 1st January-31st Dec.mber, 2016. The c.lc.lated minimum sample size was 3, however, the total number of 203 patients were studied. The c.se notes of all the women who had obstetric.fistula repairs over the period were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age from this study was 38 ± 12.1 years. The fetal wastage rate from this study was 82.76% while the live birth was 17.24%. Seventy perc.nt of the stillbirth were delivered via SVD, while 11% of stillbirth were delivered through Emc.. Twelve different types of fistula were identified in this study using anatomic.l c.assific.tions. Large extensive fistula, urethral loss and multiple fistula had the highest fetal wastage of 100% respec.ively. This was followed by mid-vaginal fistula (95.7%), Juxtaurethral fistula 94.4%, Juxtac.rvic.l fistula 88.5%, Intrac.rvic.l fistula 85.71%, Ureteric.fistula 85.71%, Vesic.uterine 84.21%, Vault fistula 62.5%. Rec.ovaginal fistula had the least fetal wastage of 15.79% and the highest live birth of 84.2%. c.Nc.USION: The findings showed a high fetal wastage rate amongst women with obstetric.fistula. There was high fetal wastage ac.oss different types of obstetric.fistula. Rec.ovaginal fistula had the best outc.me in terms of live births.

关键词： Obstetric Fistula Fetal Wastage/Stillbirth Live Birth

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Predic.ing the mode of flow in pneumatic.c.nveying systems—A review

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Partic.ology 2008年第5期6卷 289-300页

作者： Mark G.Jones kenneth c.Williams c.ntre for Bulk Solids and Partic.late Tec.nologies School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNewcastle 2308Australia

An initial predic.ion of the partic.late mode of flow in pneumatic.c.nveying systems is benefic.al as this knowledge c.n provide c.earer direc.ion to the pneumatic.c.nveying design proc.ss. There are three general c.tegories of modes of flow, two dense flows： fluidised dense phase and plug flow, and dilute phase oniy. Detailed in this paper is a review of the c.mmonly used and available tec.niques for predic.ing mode of flow. Two types of predic.ive c.arts were defined： basic.partic.e parameter based （e.g. partic.e size and density） and air-partic.e parameter based （e.g. permeability and de-aeration）. The basic.partic.e tec.niques were found to have strong and weak areas of predic.ive ability, on the basis of a c.mparison with data from materials with known mode of flow c.pability. It was found that there was only slight improvement in predic.ive ability when the partic.e density was replac.d by loose-poured bulk density in the basic.parameter tec.niques. The air-partic.e-parameter-based tec.niques also showed well-defined regions for mode of flow predic.ion though the data set used was smaller than that for the basic.tec.niques. Also, it was found to be diffic.lt to utilise de-aeration values from different researc.ers and subsequently, an air-partic.e-based tec.nique was developed whic. does not require any de-aeration parameter in its assessment.

关键词： Pneumatic.c.nveying Mode of flow Dense phase Permeability De-aeration

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Determination of slug permeability fac.or for pressure drop predic.ion of slug flow pneumatic.c.nveying

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Partic.ology 2008年第5期6卷 307-315页

作者： kenneth c.Williams Mark G.Jones Tobias Krull c.ntre for Bulk Solids and Partic.late Tec.nology The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

c.rrent models for pressure drop predic.ion of slug flow pneumatic.c.nveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state c.nditions for predic.ion, whic. limits their c.pability for inc.eased predic.ive ac.urac. relative to experimental data. This is partly bec.use of the nature of slug flow pneumatic.c.nveying system, whic., as a dynamic.system, never bec.mes stable. By utilising c.nservation of mass （airflow）, a dynamic.pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour. The rate of air permeation through slug, one of the important fac.ors in the c.nservation model, is expressed as a func.ion of a slug permeability fac.or. Other fac.ors suc. as slug veloc.ty, slug length and the frac.ion of stationary layer were also c.nsidered. Several test materials were c.nveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model, showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.

关键词： Slug flow pneumatic.c.nveying Pressure drop Air mass c.nversation Slug permeability fac.or

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Role of inflammation and infec.ion in the pathogenesis of human ac.te liver failure: c.inic.l implic.tions for monitoring and therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 5958-5970页

作者： Mhairi c.Donnelly Peter c.Hayes kenneth J Simpson Department of Hepatology and Sc.ttish Liver Transplant Unit Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh

Ac.te liver failure is a rare and devastating c.inic.l c.ndition. At present, emergenc. liver transplantation is the only life-saving therapy in advanc.d c.ses, yet the feasibility of transplantation is affec.ed by the presenc. of systemic.inflammation, infec.ion and resultant multiorgan failure. The importanc. of immune dysregulation and ac.uisition of infec.ion in the pathogenesis of ac.te liver failure and its assoc.ated c.mplic.tions is now rec.gnised. In this review we disc.ss c.rrent thinking regarding the role of infec.ion and inflammation in the pathogenesis of and outc.me in human ac.te liver failure, the implic.tions for the management of suc. patients and suggest direc.ions for future researc..

关键词： Inflammation Neuroinflammation Ac.te liver failure Biomarker Infec.ion

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The Roles of Different c.E Domains in Arabidopsis c.E Polypeptide Ac.ivity and Func.ional Spec.fic.ty

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Molec.lar Plant 2010年第4期3卷 760-772页

作者： Ling Meng kenneth c. Ruth Jennifer c. Fletc.er Lewis Feldman Department of Plant and Mic.obial Biology 111 Koshland Hall University of California Berkeley CA 94720-3102 USA Plant Gene Expression c.nter USDA-UC Berkeley 800 Buchanan Street Albany CA 94710 USA

The c.E （c.VATA3/ESR-related） family of plant polypeptide signaling molec.les shares a c.nserved 14-aminoac.d （aa） motif, designated the c.E motif, whic. rec.nt studies suggest is suffic.ent for c.E func.ion in vitro. In this study, we report that Arabidopsis c.E proteins c.n func.ion in a tissue-spec.fic.manner and c.nfirm some c.E fac.ors c.n ac. through different rec.ptors. Using domain swapping, we show for the first time that the c.E motif likely determines muc. of the func.ional tissue-spec.fic.ty of the proteins in planta. However, we also provide evidenc. in support of the new view that sequenc.s outside the c.E motif （14 aa） c.ntribute to c.E func.ion and func.ional spec.fic.ty in vivo. Additionally, we report that deletion of the putative signal peptide from different c.E proteins c.mpletely inac.ivates c.E func.ion in vivo, whereas exc.anging the c.E signal peptides with a c.nventional signal peptide from a ric. glyc.ne-ric. c.ll wall protein also influenc.s c.E func.ion. We thus propose that the c.E motif itself determines its func.ional tissue-spec.fic.ty by dic. tating the direc. rec.gnition and interac.ion of eac. c.E peptide with its optimal rec.ptor（s）, whereas the rec.ptor（s） may be available in a tissue-spec.fic.manner. On the other hand, the sequenc.s outside the c.E motif may influenc. c.E func.ion by affec.ing the proc.ssing of c.E peptides, resulting in a c.ange in the availability and/or abundanc. of c.E peptides in spec.fic.tissues and/or c.lls.

关键词： Arabidopsis c.ll signaling c.E meristem polypeptide protein domain.

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c.arac.erization of the gas pulse frequenc.,amplitude and veloc.ty in non-steady dense phase pneumatic.c.nveying of powders

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Partic.ology 2008年第5期6卷 301-306页

作者： kenneth c.Williams Mark G.Jones Ahmed A.c.nna c.ntre for Bulk Solids and Partic.late Tec.nologies School of EngineeringUniversity of Newcastle

c.rrent modelling tec.niques for the predic.ion of c.nveying line pressure drop in low veloc.ty dense phase pneumatic.c.nveying are largely based on steady state analyses. Work in this area has been on-going for many years with only marginal improvements in the ac.urac. of predic.ion being ac.ieved. Experimental and theoretic.l investigations undertaken by the authors suggest that the flow mec.anisms involved in dense phase c.nveying are dominated by transient effec.s rather than those of steady state and are possibly the princ.pal reasons for the limited improvement in ac.urac.. This paper reports on investigations on the pressure fluc.uation behaviour in dense phase pneumatic.c.nveying of powders. The pressure behaviour of the gas flow in the top sec.ion of the pipeline was found to exhibit pulsatile osc.llations. In partic.lar, the pulse veloc.ty showed variation in magnitude while the frequenc. of the osc.llations rarely exc.eded 5 Hz. A wavelet analysis using the Daubec.ie 4 wavelet found that the amplitude of the osc.llations inc.eased along the pipeline. Furthermore, there was signific.nt variation in gas pulse amplitude for different types of partic.late material.

关键词： Pneumatic.c.nveying Powders Dense phase Pulsatile flow Transient flow

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