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Particle shape characterisation and its application to discrete element modelling

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 80-89页

作者： kenneth C.Williams Wei Chen Sebastian Weeger Timothy J.Donohue Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources The University of Newcastle Georg-Simon-Ohm University Nuremberg TUNRA Bulk Solids Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources The University of Newcastle

Increasing importance has been placed on particle shape implementation within discrete element mod elling （DEM） in order to more accurately reflect the nonspherical behaviour of the bulk material being handled. As computational resources grow, complex particle shapes are increasingly being modelled as the associated simulation times become more realistic to provide timely solutions. The objective of this research is to assess particle shape descriptors through a digital image segmentation technique, and to further implement particle shape parameters into generation of corresponding irregular shaped DEM particles. Separated and lumped particle images were analysed and reconstructed through the devel opment of two distinct methodologies. Subsequently, various particle shape descriptors were obtained using combinations of image segmentation algorithms, including mathematical morphology processing, thresholding, edge detection, region growing, region splitting and region merging. DEM particles were subsequently created using particle shape results obtained above. Shape parameters of DEM particles were then examined and validated against the real particle shape parameters.

关键词： Particle shapesParticle morphologyImage segmentationDiscrete element modelling

A qualitative study on the pulsatile flow phenomenon in a dense fly ash pneumatic conveyor

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Particuology 2014年第6期12卷 81-91页

作者： Wei Chen kenneth C.Williams Isabel Jabs Mark G.Jones Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies Newcastle Institute for Energy and ResourcesThe University of Newcastle Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Leibniz University of Hanover

Understanding of the dynamic particulate flow structures within a dense gas-fly ash pneumatic conveyor must be improved in order to better aid its design *** complex pulsatile movement of the gas-fly ash mixture dominates the flow performance within the pipeline,and historically,non-invasive measurement devices such as the electrical capacitance tomography（ECT） were often used to sufficiently capture the flow ***,inadequate studies have been conducted on the pulsatile flow phenomenon,which directly relate to the gas-fly ash two-phase flow *** paper aims to investigate the pulsatile flows using an ECT ***,pulsatile flow patterns under various experimental conditions were obtained through *** within a flow were then characterised into pulse growth and decay segments,which represent the superficial fluidisation and deaeration processes during ***,structural and statistical analyses were performed on the pulse growth and decay *** suggested that the increasing air mass flow rate led to the decrease of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration magnitude,however,the increase of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration ***,the air mass flow rate was indicated as the dominant factor in determining the pulsing statistical *** research provides fundamental insights for further modelling the dense fly ash pneumatic flows.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Electrical capacitance tomography Fly ash Pulsatile flows Flow pattern analysis

Progress in Machine Translation

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Engineering 2022年第11期18卷 143-153页

作者： Haifeng Wang Hua Wu Zhongjun He Liang Huang kenneth Ward Church Baidu Inc. Beijing 100193China Baidu Research SunnyvaleCA 94089USA

After more than 70 years of evolution,great achievements have been made in machine *** in recent years,translation quality has been greatly improved with the emergence of neural machine translation(NMT).In this article,we first review the history of machine translation from rule-based machine translation to example-based machine translation and statistical machine *** then introduce NMT in more detail,including the basic framework and the current dominant framework,Transformer,as well as multilingual translation models to deal with the data sparseness *** addition,we introduce cutting-edge simultaneous translation methods that achieve a balance between translation quality and *** then describe various products and applications of machine *** the end of this article,we briefly discuss challenges and future research directions in this field.

关键词： Machine translation Neural machine translation Simultaneous translation

Integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in a Chinese community health center

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2015年第2期3卷 79-83页

作者： kenneth Kushner Shuang Yu Department of Family Medicine University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA Yuetan Community HealthServices BeijingChina

Objective:Although the literature is abundant on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the West,there is limited information on how TCM is integrated with Western medicine(WM).We describe how one Chinese Community Health Service(CHS)system located in Beijing integrates WM and ***:Our information is based on the authors’observations,interviews with center TCM practitioners,and discussions with center ***:We summarize our observations according to the following themes:selection of type of practitioner;frequent diagnoses of patients seen by TCM clinicians;types of TCM ser-vices provided;economic factors;challenges;and future *** age,nature of the problem,and cost may determine whether or not Chinese patients initially consult TCM or WM *** of referral pathways between the WM and TCM practitioners,up to one-third of the patients receive integrated *** physicians see more patients per day than do their WM counterparts;TCM physicians also earn higher *** there are clearly close collaborative relationships between the TCM and WM practitioners,a few TCM providers report that lack of respect between the two fields may be a barrier towards further ***:Given governmental policies and the cost differentials between WM and TCM,the future for the integration of the two medical traditions within the CHS system appears to be favorable;however,issues of mutual respect and workforce issues may challenge success-ful *** impressions are limited by the fact that we observed practices in only one community in one district of Beijing.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine integrative medicine community health centers China

‘Face’and psychological processes of laid-off workers in transitional China

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2016年第3期4卷 51-63页

作者： Bingxin Wang kenneth Mark Greenwood Faculty of Health Engineering and ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia James Cook University Singapore Singapore Department of Clinical Psychology Beijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Objective:The objective was to explore the psychological experiences of laid-off workers in contemporary transitional China and to formulate a theoretical model of ***:In-depth interviews of 26 laid-off workers were conducted and analysed using grounded theory ***:Four themes underline the psychological processes of these laid-off workers-feeling of loss,feeling of physical pain,feeling of fatalism,and final *** are characterized by Chinese culture and its philosophy-feeling of loss is dominated by their loss of face(diu mi-anzi),physical pain is a somatization of their mental painfulness,their fatalism is traced back to the Chinese ancient theocratic concept of Tian Ming,and their acceptance of reality to their final making face(zheng mianzi)is sourced from both Confucianism and ***:The psychological experience of laid-off workers(or unemployed workers)is likely to have varied manifestations in different cultural *** psychological processes of Chinese laid-off workers(or unemployed workers)might be different from those of laid-off workers in Western countries.A therapeutic intervention to cater for the needs of laid-off workers derived from the four themes might be effective.

关键词： laid-off workers unemployed workers state-owned enterprises psychological process China

Evolving spectrum of diabetic nephropathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第5期10卷 269-279页

作者： Jonathan Kopel Camilo Pena-Hernandez kenneth Nugent Cell Biology and Biochemistry Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Department of Internal Medicine Division of NephrologyLubbock TX 79430 United States Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center

Diabetes remains an important health issue as more patients with chronic and uncontrolled diabetes develop diabetic nephropathy(DN), which classically presents with proteinuria followed by a progressive decrease in renal ***, an increasing proportion of DN patients have a decline in kidney function and vascular complications without proteinuria, known as nonproteinuric DN(NP-DN). Despite the increased incidence of NP-DN, few clinical or experimental studies have thoroughly investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms and targeted treatment for this form of DN. In this review, we will examine the differences between conventional DN and NP-DN and consider potential pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic markers, and treatment for both DN and NP-DN. The investigation of the pathophysiology of NP-DN should provide additional insight into the cardiovascular factors influencing renal function and disease and provide novel treatments for the vascular complications seen in diabetic patients.

关键词： Diabetic nephropathy Non-proteinuric diabetic nephropathy Diabetes Kidney vascular complications

Effect of Gongronema latifolium on gastric emptying in healthy dogs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第6期19卷 897-902页

作者： Sylvester O Ogbu kenneth K Agwu Isaac U Asuzu Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Enugu CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria

AIM:To investigate sonographically the effect of Gonogronema latifolium (***) on gastric emptying of semi-solid meals in healthy ***:In a randomized,placebo-controlled experiment,twenty-five clinically healthy dogs were randomly allotted into five groups of five dogs in each *** placebo group served as the control,and the low,moderate and high dose groups ingested the methanolic leaf extract of *** in capsules at 100 mg/kg,250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg,respectively,while the prokinetic group ingested 0.5 mg/kg capsules of *** a 12-h fast,each group ingested its treatment capsules 30 min before the administration of a test *** of gastric emptying and blood glucoselevels were obtained 30 min before and immediately after the ingestion of the test meal and thereafter every 15 min for 4 *** was followed by further measurements every 30 min for another 2 ***:The gastric emptying times of the placebo,low dose,moderate dose,high dose and prokinetic dose groups were 127.0 ± 8.2 min,135.5 ± 3.7 min,155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min and 59.0 ± 2.5 min,*** emptying times of the moderate and high dose groups were significantly slower than in the placebo control group (155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).No significant difference in gastric emptying between the low dose and placebo control groups was noted (135.5 ± 3.7 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.072).Gastric emptying of the prokinetic group was significantly faster than that of the control group (59.0 ± 2.5 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).The hypoglycaemic effect of *** and gastric emptying were inversely related (r=-0.95,P=0.000).CONCLUSION:*** delays gastric emptying and lowers postprandial blood glucose in healthy *** reduces the postprandial blood glucose by delaying gastric emptying.

关键词： Gonogronema latifolium Gastric emptying Sonography Postprandial blood glucose Semi-solid meals

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors after post-transplant hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence:Is it too late?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第4期12卷 149-158页

作者： Kin Pan Au kenneth Siu Ho Chok Department of Surgery Queen Mary HospitalHong Kong 999077China Department of Surgery and State Key Laboratory for Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

BACKGROUND Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of tumour recurrence after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,their role in established post-transplant HCC recurrence is *** To investigate whether mTOR inhibitor offers a survival benefit in posttransplant HCC *** A retrospective study of 143 patients who developed HCC recurrence after liver transplantation was *** were divided into 2 groups based on whether they had received mTOR inhibitor-based *** primary endpoint was post-recurrence *** Seventy-nine(55%)patients received an mTOR inhibitor-based immunosuppressive regime,while 64(45%)patients did *** mTOR inhibitor group had a lower number of recurrent tumours(2 vs 5,P=0.02)and received more active treatments including radiotherapy(39 vs 22%,P=0.03)and targeted therapy(59 vs 23%,P<0.001).The median post-recurrence survival was 21.0±4.1 mo in the mTOR inhibitor group and 11.2±2.5 mo in the control *** Cox regression analysis confirmed that mTOR inhibitor therapy was independently associated with improved post-recurrence survival(P=0.04,OR=0.482,95%CI:0.241-0.966).The number of recurrent tumours and use of other treatment modalities did not affect *** survival difference was observed between mTOR inhibitor monotherapy and combination therapy with calcineurin *** mTOR inhibitors prolonged survival after post-transplant HCC recurrence.

关键词： Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor Hepatocellular carcinoma Recurrence Liver transplant Survival Outcomes

Membrane-based treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater:The current state of knowledge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 5-21页

作者： Tiezheng Tong kenneth H. Carlson Cristian A. Robbins Zuoyou Zhang Xuewei Du Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA

Shale oil and gas exploitation not only consumes substantial amounts of freshwater but also generates large quantities of hazardous wastewater. Tremendous research efforts have been invested in developing membrane-based technologies for the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. Despite their success at the laboratory scale, membrane processes have not been implemented at full scale in the oil and gas fields. In this article, we analyze the growing demands of wastewater treatment in shale oil and gas production, and then critically review the current stage of membrane technologies applied to the treatment of shale oil and gas wastewater. We focus on the unique niche of those technologies due to their advantages and limitations, and use mechanical vapor compression as the benchmark for comparison. We also highlight the importance of pretreatment as a key component of integrated treatment trains, in order to improve the performance of downstream membrane processes and water product quality. We emphasize the lack of sufficient efforts to scale up existing membrane technologies, and suggest that a stronger collaboration between academia and industry is of paramount importance to translate membrane technologies developed in the laboratory to the practical applications by the shale oil and gas industry.

关键词： Shale oil and gas production Wastewater treatment and reuse Membrane technology Pretreatment Academia-industry collaboration