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An empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound： Combining observed and unobserved behavior

Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 103-115页

作者： Levin, Phillip S. Horne, Peter andrews, kelly S. Williams, Greg Northwest Fisheries Science Center 2725 Montlake Blvd E Seattle WA 98112 USA

Understanding the movement of animals is fundamental to population and community ecology. Historically, it has been difficult to quantify movement patterns of most fishes, but technological advances in acoustic telemetry have increased our abilities to monitor their movement. In this study, we combined small-scale active acoustic tracking with large-scale passive acoustic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound, WA, USA. We began by testing whether a correlated random walk model described the daily movement of sixgills; however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this behavior and used the resultant model （a biased random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns are able to explain large-scale seasonal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-scale pat- terns of movement observed in the passive monitoring data. In order to create the large-scale patterns, sixgills must have per- formed behaviors （large, fast directed movements） that were unobserved during small-scale active tracking. In addition, seasonal shifts in location were not captured by the dally model. We added these ＇unobserved＇ behaviors to the model and were able to capture large-scale seasonal movement of sixgill sharks over 150 days. The development of empirical models of movement al- lows researchers to develop hypotheses and test mechanisms responsible for a species movement behavior and spatial distribution. This knowledge will increase our ability to successfully manage species of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

关键词： Hexanchus griseus Movement Correlated random walk Biased random walk Displacement Movement model

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An ecosystem-based approach to marine risk assessment

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第1期3卷 2-17页

作者： Kirstin Holsman Jameal Samhouri Geoffrey Cook Elliott Hazen Erik Olsen Maria Dillard Stephen Kasperski Sarah Gaichas Christopher R.Kelble Mike Fogarty kelly andrews Alaska Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service7600 Sand Point Way N.E.SeattleWashington 98115 USA Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service2725 Montlake Boulevard EastSeattleWashington 98112 USA Department of Biology University of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816 USA Southwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service99 Pacific Street Suite 255AMontereyCalifornia 93940 USA Northeast Fisheries Science Center 166 Water StreetWoods HoleMassachusetts 02543 USA Institute of Marine Research P.O.Box 1870 NordnesN-5817BergenNorway NOAA’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science 331 Fort Johnson RoadCharlestonSouth Carolina 29412 USA NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory 4301 Rickenbacker CausewayMiamiFlorida 33149 USA

Risk assessments quantify the probability of undesirable events along with their *** are used to prioritize management interventions and assess tradeoffs,serving as an essential component of ecosystem-based management(EBM).A central objective of most risk assessments for conservation and management is to characterize uncertainty and impacts associated with one or more pressures of *** assessments have been used in marine resource management to help evaluate the risk of environmental,ecological,and anthropogenic pressures on species or habitats including for data-poor fisheries management(e.g.,toxicity,probability of extinction,habitat alteration impacts).Traditionally,marine risk assessments focused on singular pressure-response relationships,but recent advancements have included use of risk assessments in an EBM context,providing a method for evaluating the cumulative impacts of multiple pressures on multiple ecosystem ***,we describe a conceptual framework for ecosystem risk assessment(ERA),highlighting its role in operationalizing EBM,with specific attention to ocean management *** framework builds on the ecotoxicological and conservation literature on risk assessment and includes recent advances that focus on risks posed by fishing to marine *** review how examples of ERAs from the United States fit into this framework,explore the variety of analytical approaches that have been used to conduct ERAs,and assess the challenges and data gaps that *** review discusses future prospects for ERAs as EBM decision-support tools,their expanded role in integrated ecosystem assessments,and the development of next-generation risk assessments for coupled natural-human systems.

关键词： coupled natural-human systems ecosystem risk assessment ecosystem-based management risk assessment socio-ecological system

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A comparative investigation on wear behaviors of physical and chemical vapor deposited bronze coatings for hydraulic piston pump

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 391-403页

作者： Wei HAO andrews LARBI Hongkang DONG Dongyun WANG Shenghu LI Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology and Equipment Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China College of Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Hangzhou Lilong Hydraulic Co. LtdHangzhou 311200China

The cylinder block/valve plate interface is one of the most critical frictional interfaces of the swashplate-type axial piston ***,the poor lubrication interface caused rapid wear and high friction loss in an elastohydrodynamic lubrication system,decreasing the pump *** resistant bronze coatings were fabricated on 38CrMoAl substrate by Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD)and Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD),***-on-disc wear tests were performed to comparatively investigate the wear behaviors of the coatings and bulk ductile iron *** can be found that the PVD-bronze coating exhibited better wear resistance than the other two *** enhanced wear resistance was attributed to the unique composite microstructure and desired mechanical strength,which could resist to mechanical shear and spallation,decreasing friction *** appropriate hardness of(1.33±0.07)GPa could be beneficial for enhancing its wear *** PVD-bronze coating possessed a much lower and stable coefficient of friction(about 0.1)and wear rate(about 6000μm3.N-1.m-1)under the loading forces of about 100 N after 20 *** wear mechanism was the abrasive wear.

关键词： Aircraft hydraulic pump Bronze Coatings Wear resistance Mechanisms

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Molecular regulation of calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR)-mediated signaling

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 167-194页

作者： Li Tian Corey andrews Qiuyun Yan Jenny J.Yang Department of Chemistry Center for Diagnostics and TherapeuticsAdvanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR),a family C G-protein-coupled receptor,plays a crucial role in regulating calcium homeostasis by sensing small concentration changes of extracellular Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),amino acids(e.g.,L-Trp and L-Phe),small peptides,anions(e.g.,HCO_(3)^(-)and PO_(4)^(3-)),and ***-mediated intracellular Ca^(2+)signaling regulates a diverse set of cellular processes including gene transcription,cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,muscle contraction,and neuronal *** of CaSR with mutations results in diseases such as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia,familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia,and neonatal severe *** also influences calciotropic disorders,such as osteoporosis,and noncalciotropic disorders,such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,and pulmonary arterial *** study first reviews recent advances in biochemical and structural determination of the framework of CaSR and its interaction sites with natural ligands,as well as exogenous positive allosteric modulators and negative allosteric *** establishment of the first CaSR protein-protein interactome network revealed 94 novel players involved in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,trafficking,cell surface expression,endocytosis,degradation,and signaling *** roles of these proteins in Ca^(2+)-dependent cellular physiological processes and in CaSR-dependent cellular signaling provide new insights into the molecular basis of diseases caused by CaSR mutations and dysregulated CaSR activity caused by its protein interactors and facilitate the design of therapeutic agents that target CaSR and other family C G-protein-coupled receptors.

关键词： calcium signaling calcium-sensing receptor G-protein-coupled receptors structure trafficking

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Considerations for the use of porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 283-296页

作者： Frazer I.Heinis Shaheed Merani Nicholas W.Markin Kim F.Duncan Michael J.Moulton Lance Fristoe William E.Thorell Raechel A.Sherrick Tami R.Wells Matthew T.andrews Marian Urban School of Natural Resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Anesthesiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Clinical Perfusion Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Comparative Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical *** models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based *** considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical *** present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical *** are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney *** is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically *** present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.

关键词： animal model brain death circulatory death organ transplantation

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混动飞机飞向蓝天

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科技纵览 2024年第2期 30-36,4页

作者： Amy Jankovsky Christine andrews Bill Rogers 不详

NASA、通用电气航空公司和波音公司正在合作开发一款混合动力客机。商业航空联结了现代世界。国际民用航空组织(ICAO)的数据表明,在全球新冠疫情之前,每天平均有1200万人乘坐约10万次商业航班。这些数字现在已经大幅回升:预计2023年行... 详细信息

NASA、通用电气航空公司和波音公司正在合作开发一款混合动力客机。商业航空联结了现代世界。国际民用航空组织(ICAO)的数据表明,在全球新冠疫情之前,每天平均有1200万人乘坐约10万次商业航班。这些数字现在已经大幅回升:预计2023年行业收入将达到8030亿美元,比2022年增长9.7%,接近2019年疫情前的峰值。

关键词：商业航空混合动力通用电气合作开发数据表波音公司航空公司疫情

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Underground mine stream crossing assessment:A multi-disciplinary approach

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 59-65页

作者： Kevin andrews Steve Keim Marshall Miller&Associates BluefieldVA 24605USA

Underground mine designs typically try to avoid extraction beneath streams and rivers of any significant size,especially when the overburden rock thickness between the stream bed and the mine is *** issues with mining beneath streams include excessive groundwater inflow to the mine,weak ground(roof,floor,and pillar)conditions,horizontal stress effects,as well as stream loss and other potential adverse environmental ***,there are times when crossing beneath a stream or river is necessary to move into a new area of mineral reserve without creating additional mine access points from the ground ***,stream crossings are completed without thorough assessment,potentially resulting in increased costs,decreased safety,and,in some cases,failure to advance the *** of the most favorable location(s)to cross the stream must account for numerous factors and the associated assessment often requires a multi-disciplinary *** crossing investigations often require geological,hydrogeological,geotechnical,and geophysical *** of stream crossing investigations include desktop evaluation of maps and aerial photography,stream bed observations,drilling,detailed rock core logging,downhole geophysical surveying,hydraulic conductivity testing(packer testing),geotechnical laboratory testing,assessment,and *** deliverables from a stream crossing assessment typically include geological,geotechnical,and hydrogeological characterization of potential stream crossing locations,classification of favorable and unfavorable crossing locations,recommendations for entry design and pillar sizing,and recommendations for if,and how,to conduct pre-grouting *** of technical aspects of data collection and assessment are provided based on decades of industry experience conducting stream crossing assessments in various underground mining scenarios.

关键词： Underground mining Geotechnical Stream-crossing Hydrogeology Characterization

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Partitions with Initial Repetitions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2009年第9期25卷 1437-1442页

作者： George E.andrews The Pennsylvania State University University Park

A variety of interesting connections with modular forms, mock theta functions and Rogers- Ramanujan type identities arise in consideration of partitions in which the smaller integers are repeated as summands more often than the larger summands. In particular, this concept leads to new interpretations of the Rogers Selberg identities and Bailey＇s modulus 9 identities.

关键词： partitions without gaps initial k-repetitions Glaisher's theorem Rogers-Selberg identities Bailey's modulus 9 identities

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Soil carbon stock and emission: estimates from three land-use systems in Ghana

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 157-169页

作者： Joseph Anokye Vincent Logah andrews Opoku Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology(KNUST)KumasiGhana

Background:Land-use systems that sequester carbon and reduce CO_(2) emissions are key in the global mitigation strategies of climate *** gas emission from agro-ecosystems in sub-Saharan Africa is little ***,we quantified soil carbon stock(SCS)and CO_(2) emissions from three land-use systems *** land,oil palm plantation and forestland in the semi-deciduous forest zone of ***:Soil organic carbon concentration at the 0–15 cm layer in the forestland was 62 and 23%greater than that in the arable land and palm plantation,*** SCS along the 1.0-m profile was 108.2,99.0 and 73.5 Mg ha^(−1) in the forestland,palm plantation and arable land,*** land emitted 30–46%more CO_(2) than palm plantation and *** the dry season,CO_(2) emissions were respectively 0.93,0.63 and 0.5 kg ha^(−1) h−1 from the arable land,palm plantation and *** relationships were observed between CO_(2) emissions and SCS,soil temperature,and *** SCS greatly influenced CO_(2) emission in the dry season more than in the wet season in the relatively higher carbon-input systems(forestland and palm plantation).Soil temperature accounted for more than 55%of CO_(2) emissions in both seasons,which has implications in the era of rising global ***:The study provides relevant information on carbon storage abilities of the three land-use types in tropical climate and calls for drastic climate change actions to reduce degradation of forest cover and soil disturbance in agro-ecosystems in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： Arable land Carbon dioxide emission Climate change Soil moisture Soil temperature Sub-Saharan Africa

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Effects of processing parameters on corrosion properties of dissimilar friction stir welds of aluminium and copper

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014年第5期24卷 1323-1330页

作者： Esther T.AKINLABI Anthony andrews Stephen A.AKINLABI Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of JohannesburgAuckland Park Kingsway Campus Department of Materials Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology School of Mechanical Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering University of Witwatersrand

The influence of friction stir welding processing parameters on dissimilar joints conducted between aluminium alloy （AA5754） and commercially pure copper （C11000） was studied. The welds were produced by varying the rotational speed from 600 to 1200 r/min and the feed rate from 50 to 300 mm/min. The resulting microstructure and the corrosion properties of the welds produced were studied. It was found that the joint interfacial regions of the welds were characterized by interlayers of aluminium and copper. The corrosion tests revealed that the corrosion resistance of the welds was improved as the rotational speed was increased. The corrosion rates of the welds compared to the base metals were improved compared with Cu and decreased slightly compared with the aluminium alloy. The lowest corrosion rate was obtained at welds produced at rotational speed of 950 r/min and feed rate of 300 mm/min which corresponds to a weld produced at a low heat input.

关键词： aluminium alloy copper corrosion friction stir weld processing parameters

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