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Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance:current practice and future directions

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 157-168页

作者： Joseph CAhn Yi-Te Lee Vatche gAgopian Yazhen Zhu Sungyong You Hsian-Rong Tseng Ju Dong Yang Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA California NanoSystems Institute Crump Institute for Molecular ImagingUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Surgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90048USA samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048USA Departments of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048USA Karsh Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048USA Comprehensive Transplant Center Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCA 90048USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is among the leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality *** of individuals with cirrhosis or other conditions that confer a high risk of HCC development is essential for early detection and improved overall *** ultrasonography with or without alpha-fetoprotein is widely recommended as the standard method for HCC surveillance,but it has limited sensitivity in early disease and may be inadequate in certain *** review article will provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of HCC surveillance,including the rationale and indications for HCC surveillance,standard methods for HCC surveillance,and their strengths/*** surveillance methods such as the role of cross-sectional imaging,emerging circulating biomarkers,as well as the problem of under-utilization of HCC surveillance and surveillance-related harms will also be discussed in this review.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance cirrhosis hepatitis B virus alpha-fetoprotein liquid biopsy under-utilization

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中国大鲵隐存种及其灭绝危机

科学新闻 2019年第2期 119-119页

作者：颜芳 Jingcai Lü Baolin Zhang Zhiyong Yuan Haipeng Zhao Song Huang gang Wei Xue Mi Dahu Zou Wei Xu Shu Chen Jie Wang Feng Xie Minyao Wu Hanbin Xiao Zhiqiang Liang Jieqiong Jin Shifang Wu CunShuan Xu Benjamin Tapley samuel T.Turvey Theodore J.Papenfuss Andrew A.Cunningham Robert W. Murphy 张亚平车静昆明动物所中国科学院中国科学院昆明动物研究所

文章简介由于栖息地破坏及人为过度捕捉,中国大鲵的野生资源锐减。由于缺乏显著的外部性状差异,中国大鲵长期以来被认为是一个物种。不同地方的种群是否存在显著的分化?目前基于"一个物种"的保护策略是否得当、

关键词：中国大鲵隐存种

大气二氧化氮与每日总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的短期关联:398个城市的多中心分析

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英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第8期24卷 435-442页

作者：孟夏刘聪(校) 陈仁杰郑湃(译) 阚海东(校) Francesco Sera Ana Vicedo-Cabrera Ai Milojevic Maria guo Yuming Tong Shilu Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelh Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Eric Lavigne Patricia Matus Correa Nicolas Valdes Ortega samuel Osorio garcia Jan Kysely Ales Urban Hans Orru Marek Maasikmets Jouni J K Jaakkola Niilo Ryti Veronika Huber Alexandra Schneider Klea Katsouyanni Antonis Analitis Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda Chris Fook Sheng Ng Baltazar Nunes João Paulo Teixeira Iulian Horia Holobaca Simona Fratianni Ho Kim Aurelio Tobias Carmeníniguez Bertil Forsberg ChristoferÅström Martina S Ragettli Yue-Liang Leon guo Shih-Chun Pan Shanshan Li Michelle L Bell Antonella Zanobetti Joel Schwartz Tangchun Wu Antonio gasparrini 复旦大学公共卫生学院、公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室(复旦大学)、卫生部卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学) 中国上海北京大学公共卫生学院复旦大学公共卫生学院不详

目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高... 详细信息

目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。

关键词：总死亡率 meta分析总死亡人数死亡风险广义线性模型二氧化氮高收入国家结局指标

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与乌干达青少年性行为相关的性别规范

国际社会科学杂志（中文版） 2020年第4期37卷 114-128,7,12页

作者：朱迪丝·纳鲁夸古里克·克鲁岑巴特·范登伯恩保罗·穆基萨·布库鲁基伦纳德·布福姆博霍利·麦克莱恩·伯克塞缪尔·菲尔德阿莫斯·齐库苏卡安妮·阿基亚·菲德勒简·阿莱伊王爱松(译) 不详

对乌干达性别权力关系与青少年性行为之间的相关性的探讨,目前还很有限。2015年的一项横断面调查,覆盖了乌干达16个有意选择的地区,评估了使用"性别平等男性"量表测量的青少年性别规范感知与性行为之间的关联(人数=867)。结果表明,使用... 详细信息

对乌干达性别权力关系与青少年性行为之间的相关性的探讨,目前还很有限。2015年的一项横断面调查,覆盖了乌干达16个有意选择的地区,评估了使用"性别平等男性"量表测量的青少年性别规范感知与性行为之间的关联(人数=867)。结果表明,使用避孕措施的行为意图与生殖健康、怀孕和疾病预防方面的性别平等规范中度相关,女孩为:r=0.23(p<0.01;95%置信区间为0.14-0.31),男孩为:r=0.22(p<0.01;95%置信区间0.12-0.31)。使用安全套的自我效能与生殖健康、怀孕和疾病预防方面的规范之间中度相关,女孩为:r=0.29(p<0.01;95%置信区间0.20-0.37),男孩为:r=0.30 (p <0.01;95%置信区间0.21-0.38)。这显示影响青少年利用健康服务的不公平性别规范持续存在。应对不公平的性别规范,需要与女孩和男孩密切协作,促进知情的同侪和伙伴讨论,与父母、宗教、政治和社区领袖建立战略伙伴关系,并加强健康信息服务,以消除错误观念。

关键词：生殖健康置信区间中度相关自我效能横断面调查避孕措施疾病预防健康信息服务

The impact of COVID-19 on the birth rate in Nigeria:a report from population-based registries

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第1期4卷 14-18页

作者： Charlotte Blanche Oguejiofor Kenechi Miracle Ebubechukwu george Uchenna Eleje Emmanuel Onyebuchi Ugwu Joseph Tochukwu Enebe Kingsley Emeka Ekwuazi Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro Boniface Chukwuneme Okpala Charles Chukwunomunso Okafor Nnanyelugo Chima Ezeora Emeka Ifeanyi Iloghalu Chidebe Christian Anikwe Chigozie geoffrey Okafor Polycarp Uchenna Agu Emeka Philip Igbodike Iffiyeosuo Dennis Ake Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna Osita samuel Umeononihu Onyedika Promise Anaedu Odigonma Zinobia Ikpeze David Chibuike Ikwuka Henry Ifeanyi Nwaolisa Ekene Agatha Emeka Jude Ogechukwu Okoye Ihechinyerem Kelechi Osuagwu Angela Ogechukwu Ugwu Toochukwu Benjamin Ejikeme Eziamaka Pauline Ezenkwele Chijioke Ogomegbunam Ezeigwe Malarchy Ekwunife Nwankwo gerald Okanandu Udigwe Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu grace Agbaeze Chukwuebuka Divine Nwanja Ahizechukwu Chigoziem Eke Department of Obstetrics and gynecology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching HospitalNnewi PMB 5025Nigeria Preventive Medicine and Research Department Clina-Lancet LaboratoriesVictoria IslandLagos 101241Nigeria Effective Care Research Unit Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewi Campus 435001Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and gynecology College of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Enugu CampusEnuguEnugu State 400102Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and gynecology University of Nigeria Teaching HospitalItuku OzallaEnugu State 400102Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and gynecology ESUT Teaching HospitalParklaneEnugu 400102Nigeria Medical Department Divine Medical CentreSouth West IkoyiLagos 1001233Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and gynecology Havana Specialist HospitalSurulereLagos 100011Nigeria Clinical Trial Division Drug Evaluation and Research DirectorateNAFDAC office ComplexLagos 100011Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityNnewi campus 435001Nigeria Department of Human Physiology Nnamdi Azikiwe University NnewiAnambra State 435001Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Faculty of MedicineNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwka 435001Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwka 435001Nigeria Department of Health Services Federal University of TechnologyOwerri 460103Nigeria Department of Haematology and Immunology College of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Enugu CampusEnuguEnugu State 400102Nigeria Musgrove Park Hospital Somerset NHS Foundation TrustUnited Kingdom TLTp Medical(UHS) Southampton WS15United Kingdom Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore 21201U.S.A

Background and objectives:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a pandemic that has become a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide,affecting the physical and mental health of individuals influencing *** the threat,it poses to maternal health in sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria,there is little or no data on the impact it has on fertility,conception,gestation and *** compare the birth rate between pre-COVID and COVID times using selected months of the *** and methods:This was a secondary analysis of cross-sectional analytical study data from the birth registries of three tertiary hospitals,comparing two years[2019(Pre-COVID)]versus[2020(COVID era)]using three months of the year(October to December).The data relied upon was obtained from birth registries in three busy maternity clinics all within tertiary hospitals in South-East Nigeria and we aimed at discussing the potential impacts of COVID-19 on fertility in *** secondary outcome measures were;mode of delivery,booking status of the participants,maternal age and ***:There was a significant decrease in tertiary-hospital based birth rate by 92 births(P=0.0009;95%CI:-16.0519 to-4.1481)among mothers in all the three hospitals in 2020 during the COVID period(post lockdown months)of October to *** was a significant difference in the mode of delivery for mothers(P=0.0096)with a 95%confidence interval of 1.0664 to 1.5916,as more gave birth through vaginal delivery during the 2020 COVID-19 period than ***:Tertiary-hospital based birth rates were reduced during the *** multi-centre study extrapolated on possible factors that may have played a role in this decline in their birth rate,which includes but is not limited to;decreased access to hospital care due to the total lockdowns/curfews and worsening inflation and economic recession in the country.

关键词： birth rates COVID-19 lockdown Nigeria pandemic pre-COVID