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Neuropeptide cholecystokinin:a key neuromodulator for hippocampal functions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1991-1992页

作者： Fengwen huang Stephen Temitayo Bello Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Spatial memory is crucial for survival within external surroundings and wild *** hippocampus,a critical hub for spatial learning and memory formation,has received extensive investigations on how neuromodulators shape its functions(Teixeira et al.,2018;Zhang et al.,2024).However,the landscape of neuromodulations in the hippocampal system remains poorly understood because most studies focus on classical monoamine neuromodulators,such as acetylcholine,serotonin,dopamine,and *** neuropeptides,comprising the most abundant neuromodulators in the central nervous system,play a pivotal role in neural information processing in the hippocampal ***(CCK),one of the most abundant neuropeptides,has been implicated in regulating various physiological and neurobiological statuses(Chen et al.,2019).CCK-A receptor(CCK-AR)and CCK-B receptors(CCK-BR)are two key receptors mediating the biological functions of CCK,both of which belong to class-A sevenfold transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors(Nishimura et al.,2015).CCK-AR preferentially reacts to sulfated CCK,whereas CCK-BR binds both CCK and gastrin with similar affinities(Ding et al.,2022).The expression patterns of CCK-AR and CCK-BR are distinct,implying that CCK has various functions in target *** instance,CCK-AR is widely expressed in the GI and brain subregions and is hence implicated in the control of digestive function and satiety ***,CCK-BR is abundantly and widely distributed in the central nervous system,which majorly regulates anxiety,learning,and memory(Ding et al.,2022).However,the roles of endogenous CCK and CCK receptors in regulating hippocampal function at electrophysiological and behavioral levels have received less attention.

关键词： abundant functions modulator

Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2520-2537页

作者： Chonglin Su Taiqi huang Meiyu Zhang Yanyu Zhang Yan Zeng Xingxing Chen Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and ControlSchool of MedicineWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental *** the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and *** glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic *** interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive *** appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive *** with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive *** emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive *** provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium signaling glucocorticoid receptor glucocorticoid glutamate transmission hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis long-term potentiation neurocognitive disorders neuroplasticity stress

The role of axon guidance molecules in the pathogenesis of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1244-1257页

作者： Zheng Liu Chunhua Pan Hao huang Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhou ProvinceChina

Current treatments for epilepsy can only manage the symptoms of the condition but cannot alter the initial onset or halt the progression of the disease. Consequently, it is crucial to identify drugs that can target novel cellular and molecular mechanisms and mechanisms of action. Increasing evidence suggests that axon guidance molecules play a role in the structural and functional modifications of neural networks and that the dysregulation of these molecules is associated with epilepsy susceptibility. In this review, we discuss the essential role of axon guidance molecules in neuronal activity in patients with epilepsy as well as the impact of these molecules on synaptic plasticity and brain tissue remodeling. Furthermore, we examine the relationship between axon guidance molecules and neuroinflammation, as well as the structural changes in specific brain regions that contribute to the development of epilepsy. Ample evidence indicates that axon guidance molecules, including semaphorins and ephrins, play a fundamental role in guiding axon growth and the establishment of synaptic connections. Deviations in their expression or function can disrupt neuronal connections, ultimately leading to epileptic seizures. The remodeling of neural networks is a significant characteristic of epilepsy, with axon guidance molecules playing a role in the dynamic reorganization of neural circuits. This, in turn, affects synapse formation and elimination. Dysregulation of these molecules can upset the delicate balance between excitation and inhibition within a neural network, thereby increasing the risk of overexcitation and the development of epilepsy. Inflammatory signals can regulate the expression and function of axon guidance molecules, thus influencing axonal growth, axon orientation, and synaptic plasticity. The dysregulation of neuroinflammation can intensify neuronal dysfunction and contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy. This review delves into the mechanisms associated with

关键词： axon guidance drug-resistant epilepsy epilepsy nerve regeneration nervous system diseases neural pathways neuroinflammatory diseases neuronal plasticity neurons synaptic remodeling

High-Efficiency Wide-Band Cross-Polarization Conversion Using Bi-layered Metal Hole Pairs

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Chinese Physics Letters 2018年第10期35卷 40-43页

作者： yong Zhang Xian-ke Li Cheng-Ping huang Department of Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanjing Tech University

We present a polarization converter composed of bi-layered metal films perforated with rectangle hole pairs in each film. The proposed converter can convert the polarization of an incident linearly-polarized electromagnetic wave to its orthogonal direction with high efficiency and large bandwidth in the infrared or microwave *** make sure of the mechanism of polarization conversion, the current and electric-field distributions at different resonant frequencies are analyzed. It is found that the cross-polarized transmission is due to the near-field coupling between hole pairs in neighboring metal films. Finally, a prototype of the proposed converter is fabricated and measured in the microwave region. Good agreement between the experimental and simulated results is obtained.

关键词： High-Efficiency Wide-Band Cross-Polarization Conversion Using Bi-layered Metal Hole Pairs

Multi-Stage-Based Siamese Neural Network for Seal Image Recognition

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 405-423页

作者： Jianfeng Lu Xiangye huang Caijin Li Renlin Xin Shanqing Zhang Mahmoud Emam School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou310018China Shangyu Institute of Science and Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityShaoxing312300China Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Menoufia UniversityShebin El-Koom32511Egypt

Seal authentication is an important task for verifying the authenticity of stamped seals used in various domains to protect legal documents from tampering and *** seal inspection is commonly audited manually to ensure document ***,manual assessment of seal images is tedious and laborintensive due to human errors,inconsistent placement,and completeness of the *** image recognition systems are inadequate enough to identify seal types accurately,necessitating a neural network-based method for seal image ***,neural network-based classification algorithms,such as Residual Networks(ResNet)andVisualGeometryGroup with 16 layers(VGG16)yield suboptimal recognition rates on stamp ***,the fixed training data categories make handling new categories to be a challenging *** paper proposes amulti-stage seal recognition algorithmbased on Siamese network to overcome these ***,the seal image is pre-processed by applying an image rotation correction module based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients(HOG).Secondly,the similarity between input seal image pairs is measured by utilizing a similarity comparison module based on the Siamese ***,we compare the results with the pre-stored standard seal template images in the database to obtain the seal *** evaluate the performance of the proposed method,we further create a new seal image dataset that contains two subsets with 210,000 valid labeled pairs in *** proposed work has a practical significance in industries where automatic seal authentication is essential as in legal,financial,and governmental sectors,where automatic seal recognition can enhance document security and streamline validation ***,the experimental results show that the proposed multi-stage method for seal image recognition outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the two established datasets.

关键词： Seal recognition seal authentication document tampering siamese network spatial transformer network similarity comparison network

Inhibited aptazyme-based catalytic molecular beacon for amplified detection of adenosine

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第9期25卷 1211-1214页

作者： Jin huang yong He Xiao-Hai Yang ke Quan ke-Min Wang State key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan ProvinceHunan University

Combining the inhibited aptazyme and molecular beacon （MB）, we developed a versatile sensing strategy for amplified detection of adenosine. In this strategy, the adenosine aptamer links to the 8-17 DNAzyme to form an aptazyme. A short sequence, denoted as inhibitor, is designed to form a duplex spanning the aptamer-DNAzyme junction, which blocks the catalytic function of the DNAzyme. Only in the presence of target adenosine, the aptamer binds to adenosine, thus the inhibitor dissociates from the aptamer portion of the aptazyme and can no longer form the stable duplex required to inhibit the catalytic activity of the aptazyme. The released DNAzyme domain will hybridize to the MB and catalyze the cleavage in the presence of Zn2＋, making the fluorophore separate from the quencher and resulting in fluorescence signal. The results showed that the detection method has a dynamic range from 10 nmol/L to 1nmol/L, with a detection limit of 10 nmol/L.

关键词： Aptazyme DNAzyme Catalytic molecular beacon Adenosine

Improved expert selection model for forex trading

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2018年第3期12卷 518-527页

作者： Jia ZHU Xingcheng WU Jing XIAO Changqin huang yong TANG ke Deng School of Computer Science South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China School of Computer Science and Information Technology Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Melbourne 3000 Australia

Online prediction is a process that repeatedly predicts the next element in the coming period from a sequence of given previous elements. This process has a broad range of applications in various areas, such as medical, streaming media, and finance. The greatest challenge for online prediction is that the sequence data may not have explicit features because the data is frequently updated, which means good predictions are difficult to maintain. One of the popular solutions is to make the prediction with expert advice, and the challenge is to pick the right experts with minimum cumulative loss. In this research, we use the forex trading prediction, which is a good example for online prediction, as a case study. We also propose an improved expert selection model to select a good set of forex experts by learning previously observed sequences. Our model considers not only the average mistakes made by experts, but also the average profit earned by experts, to achieve a better performance, particularly in terms of financial profit. We demonstrate the merits of our model on two real major currency pairs corpora with extensive experiments.

关键词： online learning expert selection forex prediction

The effects of parametrization of the dark energy equation of state

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第12期11卷 1403-1412页

作者： ke Shi yong-Feng huang1,2 Tan Lu Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Joint Center for Particle Nuclear Physics and Cosmology Nanjing University - Purple Mountain Observatory Nanjing 210093 China

We investigate in detail the influence of parametrizations of the dark energy equation of state on reconstructing dark energy geometrical parameters, such as the deceleration parameter q（z） and Om diagnostic. We use a type Ia supernova sample, baryon acoustic oscillation data, cosmic microwave background information along with twelve observational Hubble data points to constrain cosmological parameters. With the joint analysis of these current datasets, we find that the parametrizations of w（z） have little influence on the reconstruction result of q（z） and Ore. The same is true for the transition （cosmic deceleration to acceleration） redshift zt, for which we find that for different parametrizations of w（z）, the best fitted values of zt are very close to each other （about 0.65）. All of our results are in good agreement with the ACDM model. Furthermore, using the combination of datasets, we do not find any signal of decreasing cosmic acceleration as suggested in some recent papers. The results suggest that the influence of the prior w（z） is not as severe as one may anticipate, and thus we can, to some extent, safely use a reasonable parametrization of w（z） to reconstruct some other dark energy parameters （e.g. q（z）, Ore） with a combination of datasets.

关键词： cosmology: observations -- cosmology: cosmological parameters

Bending and free vibrational analysis of bi-directional functionally graded beams with circular cross-section

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第10期41卷 1497-1516页

作者： yong huang School of Mathematics and Big Data Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000Guangdong ProvinceChina

The bending and free vibrational behaviors of functionally graded(FG)cylindrical beams with radially and axially varying material inhomogeneities are *** on a high-order cylindrical beam model,where the shear deformation and rotary inertia are both considered,the two coupled governing differential motion equations for the deflection and rotation are *** analytical bending solutions for various boundary conditions are *** the vibrational analysis of FG cylindrical beams,the two governing equations are firstly changed to a single equation by means of an auxiliary function,and then the vibration mode is expanded into shifted Chebyshev *** examples are given to investigate the effects of the material gradient indices on the deflections,the stress distributions,and the eigenfrequencies of the cylindrical beams,*** comparing the obtained numerical results with those obtained by the three-dimensional(3D)elasticity theory and the Timoshenko beam theory,the effectiveness of the present approach is verified.

关键词： higher-order beam theory circular cross-section bi-directional functionally graded(FG)beam bending analysis free vibration