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Historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of Lilium(Liliaceae): New insights from plastome phylogenomics

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 219-228页

作者： Nian Zhou ke miao Changkun Liu Linbo Jia Jinjin Hu Yongjiang Huang Yunheng Ji CAS key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610065China Yunnan key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Population Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China

Here, we infer the historical biogeography and evolutionary diversification of the genus Lilium. For this purpose, we used the complete plastomes of 64 currently accepted species in the genus Lilium(14plastomes were newly sequenced) to recover the phylogenetic backbone of the genus and a timecalibrated phylogenetic framework to estimate biogeographical history scenarios and evolutionary diversification rates of Lilium. Our results suggest that ancient climatic changes and geological tectonic activities jointly shaped the distribution range and drove evolutionary radiation of Lilium, including the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum(MMCO), the late Miocene global cooling, as well as the successive uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) and the strengthening of the monsoon climate in East Asia during the late Miocene and the Pliocene. This case study suggests that the unique geological and climatic events in the Neogene of East Asia, in particular the uplift of QTP and the enhancement of monsoonal climate, may have played an essential role in formation of uneven distribution of plant diversity in the Northern Hemisphere.

关键词： Asian monsoon Climatic changes Distribution range Evolutionary complexity Radiative diversification Species diversity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)

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滇西保山地块铁厂中新世花岗岩成因与构造意义

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岩石学报 2024年第6期40卷 1870-1886页

作者：叶雅琪孙祥司晓博苗珂郑明俊梁晓雅中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院北京100083

滇西保山地块新生代岩浆岩是理解印度-欧亚板块斜向碰撞带新生代构造演化和动力学背景的窗口。本文对保山地块铁厂地区中新世二云母花岗岩和含电气石二云母花岗岩开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成研究。结果表明二云... 详细信息

滇西保山地块新生代岩浆岩是理解印度-欧亚板块斜向碰撞带新生代构造演化和动力学背景的窗口。本文对保山地块铁厂地区中新世二云母花岗岩和含电气石二云母花岗岩开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成研究。结果表明二云母花岗岩和含电气石二云母花岗岩的岩浆锆石U-Pb年龄分别为18.1±0.1Ma和16.9±0.2Ma,反映岩浆岩形成于中新世。两类花岗岩具有高硅(SiO 2=73.7%~74.2%),富钾(K 2O=6.3%~6.7%,K 2O/Na 2O>1),且相对高碱(K 2O+Na 2O=8.8%~9.3%)的特征,属钾玄岩系列,为强过铝质S型花岗岩。两类花岗岩的CaO/Na 2O比值介于0.25~0.39,具有低Sr(56×10^(-6)~79×10^(-6))、低Ba(155×10^(-6)~211×10^(-6))、高Rb/Sr比值(4.6~6.2)特征。二云母花岗岩的锆石εHf(t)值为-12.1~-1.5。这些特征表明铁厂中新世花岗岩是变泥质岩脱水部分熔融的产物。结合同时代西南三江地区崇山剪切带淡色花岗岩和喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩的对比分析,表明铁厂中新世花岗岩可能形成于伸展构造环境。

关键词：中新世花岗岩地球化学锆石U-Pb年代学锆石Hf同位素保山地块

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高校休闲体育专业课程思政体系建设路径

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教育理论与实践 2024年第21期44卷 47-51页

作者：侯建斌杨磊缪柯太原工业学院体育系山西太原030008 西安体育学院运动休闲学院陕西西安710000

全面推进高校课程思政建设,提高人才培养质量,培养德字为先的多学科交融的休闲体育专业人才成为了时代命题。休闲体育专业课程思政建设应围绕专业思政价值目标、专业课程思政内容体系、课程思政教学持续改进确立课程思政建设基本原则。... 详细信息

全面推进高校课程思政建设,提高人才培养质量,培养德字为先的多学科交融的休闲体育专业人才成为了时代命题。休闲体育专业课程思政建设应围绕专业思政价值目标、专业课程思政内容体系、课程思政教学持续改进确立课程思政建设基本原则。同时,注重课程思政元素的挖掘与融合,以强化政策引领,创新课程思政建设机制;明确思政方向,拓展专业课程育人功能;创新课堂教学,提升课程思政育人效果;培育特色课程,点燃课程思政育人亮点;加强队伍建设,提高教师思政胜任能力等作为基本实践路径,推动高校休闲体育专业课程思政体系建设的高质量发展,进而推动我国体育强国和文化强国建设的顺利进行。

关键词：高校休闲体育专业课程思政思政元素课堂教学

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小切口正中神经松解术联合穴位注射序贯疗法治疗腕管综合征的效果

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中外医学研究 2024年第14期22卷 137-140页

作者：柯淼黄粹业仇继任钦州市第二人民医院广西钦州535000

目的:探讨小切口正中神经松解术联合穴位注射序贯疗法治疗腕管综合征(CTS)的效果。方法:选择2021年1月—2023年1月钦州市第二人民医院收治的103例CTS患者作为研究对象。按照随机数表法分为对照组(n=52)和观察组(n=51),两组均进行小切口... 详细信息

目的:探讨小切口正中神经松解术联合穴位注射序贯疗法治疗腕管综合征(CTS)的效果。方法:选择2021年1月—2023年1月钦州市第二人民医院收治的103例CTS患者作为研究对象。按照随机数表法分为对照组(n=52)和观察组(n=51),两组均进行小切口正中神经松解术治疗,对照组术后口服神经营养素药物治疗,观察组术后采用穴位注射序贯法治疗。比较两组治疗效果、腕关节综合征Levine评分及正中神经肌电图指标[感觉传导速度(SCV)、感觉神经动作电位波幅(SNAP)、运动神经末端运动潜伏期(DML)]。结果:观察组总有效率为98.00%,高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,两组严重程度、功能状态评分低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,两组SCV、SNAP均高于治疗前,DML低于治疗前,且观察组SCV、SNAP高于对照组,DML低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:小切口正中神经松解术联合穴位注射序贯疗法治疗CTS可有效提高其治疗效果,改善患者腕关节功能,促进神经恢复。

关键词：小切口正中神经松解术穴位注射序贯疗法腕管综合征腕关节综合征 Levine评分

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基于模型水印的联邦学习后门攻击防御方法

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计算机学报 2024年第3期47卷 662-676页

作者：郭晶晶刘玖樽马勇刘志全熊宇鹏苗可李佳星马建峰西安电子科技大学网络与信息安全学院西安710071 江西师范大学计算机科学技术学院南昌330022 暨南大学网络空间安全学院广州510632

联邦学习作为一种隐私保护的分布式机器学习方法,容易遭受参与方的投毒攻击,其中后门投毒攻击的高隐蔽性使得对其进行防御的难度更大.现有的多数针对后门投毒攻击的防御方案对服务器或者恶意参与方数量有着严格约束(服务器需拥有干净的... 详细信息

联邦学习作为一种隐私保护的分布式机器学习方法,容易遭受参与方的投毒攻击,其中后门投毒攻击的高隐蔽性使得对其进行防御的难度更大.现有的多数针对后门投毒攻击的防御方案对服务器或者恶意参与方数量有着严格约束(服务器需拥有干净的根数据集,恶意参与方比例小于50%,投毒攻击不能在学习初期发起等).在约束条件无法满足时,这些方案的效果往往会大打折扣.针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于模型水印的联邦学习后门攻击防御方法.在该方法中,服务器预先在初始全局模型中嵌入水印,在后续学习过程中,通过验证该水印是否在参与方生成的本地模型中被破坏来实现恶意参与方的检测.在模型聚合阶段,恶意参与方的本地模型将被丢弃,从而提高全局模型的鲁棒性.为了验证该方案的有效性,本文进行了一系列的仿真实验.实验结果表明该方案可以在恶意参与方比例不受限制、参与方数据分布不受限制、参与方发动攻击时间不受限制的联邦学习场景中有效检测恶意参与方发起的后门投毒攻击.同时,该方案的恶意参与方检测效率相比于现有的投毒攻击防御方法提高了45%以上.

关键词：联邦学习投毒攻击后门攻击异常检测模型水印

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C-terminal frameshift mutations generate viable knockout mutants with developmental defects for three essential protein kinases

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 219-224页

作者： Yun Zhang miao-miao Cui Run-Nan ke Yue-Dan Chen Kabin Xie National key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei key Laboratory of Plant Pathology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Loss-of-function mutants are fundamental resources for gene function ***,it is difficult to generate viable and heritable knockout mutants for essential ***,we show that targeted editing of the C-terminal sequence of the embryo lethal gene MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES 1(OsMPK1)results in weak *** C-terminal-edited osmpk1 mutants displayed severe developmental defects and altered disease resistance but generated tens of viable seeds that inherited the *** the same C-terminal editing approach,we also obtained viable mutants for a wallassociated protein kinase(Os07g0493200)and a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase(Os01g0239700),while the null mutations of these genes were *** data suggest that protein kinase activity could be reduced by introducing frameshift mutations adjacent to the C-terminus,which could generate valuable resources for gene function studies and tune protein kinase activity for signaling pathway engineering.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Lethal mutant Protein kinases Genome editing C-terminus

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低温阀门关键性能国内外标准技术差异分析

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中国标准化 2024年第9期 176-182页

作者：吴超俊缪克在胡志涛方威张帆浙江省泵阀产品质量检验中心苏州西玛流体科技有限公司

为了研究低温阀门关键性能与结构,本文对比了GB/T 24925—2019、BS 6364-1984(R1998)、ISO 28921-1:2022、MSS SP-134-2012等国内外标准在适用范围、主要技术指标、测试方法的区别以及由此产生的影响。综述了低温阀门的应用工况、典型... 详细信息

为了研究低温阀门关键性能与结构,本文对比了GB/T 24925—2019、BS 6364-1984(R1998)、ISO 28921-1:2022、MSS SP-134-2012等国内外标准在适用范围、主要技术指标、测试方法的区别以及由此产生的影响。综述了低温阀门的应用工况、典型产品分类、典型壳体材料、典型结构特征以及国内外常用标准分类等,指出了低温阀门的温度范围、伸长颈部结构设计特征以及需进行低温性能试验的温度临界点等。阐述了国标GB/T 24925—2019规定的低温试验过程未区分硬密封与软密封阀座泄漏率以及阀座泄漏率测量的局限性,通过理论分析验证说明了阀座泄漏率准确测量与换算方法,为低温阀门性能提升以及国标的完善与修订提供技术指引。

关键词：低温阀门关键性能低温性能试验阀座泄漏率

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Influence of Human Activity Intensity on Habitat Quality in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第3期34卷 519-532页

作者： HAN Nianlong YU miao JIA Peihong ZHANG Yucheng HU ke School of Geography and Tourism Huizhou UniversityHuizhou 516007China School of Public Administration Hainan Uni-versityHaikou 570228China Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Geographic Sciences and Remote Sensing Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Public Administration Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Due to long-term human activity interference,the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park(HTRNP)of China has experienced ecological problems such as habitat fragmentation and biodiversity loss,and with the expanding scope and intensity of human activity impact,the regional ecological security is facing serious challenges.A scientific assessment of the interrelationship between human activity intensity and habitat quality in the HTRNP is a prerequisite for achieving effective management of ecological disturbances caused by human activities and can also provide scientific strategies for the sustainable development of the *** on the land use change data in 2000,2010,and 2020,the spatial and temporal variations and the relationship between habitat quality(HQ)and human activity intensity(HAI)in the HTRNP were explored using the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)*** dynamics and land use simulation models were also combined to conduct multi-scenario simulations of their *** results showed that during 2000–2020,the habitat quality of the HTRNP improved,the intensity of human activities decreased each year,and there was a negative correlation between the ***,the system dynamic model could be well coupled with the land use simulation model by combining socio-economic and natural *** simulation scenarios of the coupling model showed that the harmonious development(HD)scenario is effective in curbing the increasing trend of human activity intensity and decreasing trend of habitat quality,with a weaker trade-off between the two compared with the baseline development(BD)and investment priority oriented(IPO)*** maintain the authenticity and integrity of the HTRNP,effective measures such as ecological corridor construction,ecological restoration,and the implementation of ecological compensation policies need to be strengthened.

关键词： human activity intensity(HAI) habitat quality(HQ) bivariate spatial autocorrelation system dynamics model integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs(InVEST)model Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park(HTRNP)of China

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Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 163-171页

作者： RUNLIN miao ke YIN CHAO ZHOU CHENXI ZHANG ZHUOPEI YU XIN ZHENG TIAN JIANG National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA ChinaBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last ***,due to the thermal instability of the microresonator,additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some ***,the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb ***,we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact *** process is akin to mode-division multiplexing,as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si_(3)N_(4) microresonator with a continuous-wave *** numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range,allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton *** outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.

关键词： resonator pumped pumping

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Fewer is more:efficient object detection in large aerial images

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 105-123页

作者： Xingxing XIE Gong CHENG Qingyang LI Shicheng miao ke LI Junwei HAN School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Zhengzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping

Current mainstream object detection methods for large aerial images usually divide large images into patches and then exhaustively detect the objects of interest on all patches,no matter whether there exist objects or *** paradigm,although effective,is inefficient because the detectors have to go through all patches,severely hindering the inference *** paper presents an objectness activation network(OAN) to help detectors focus on fewer patches but achieve more efficient inference and more accurate results,enabling a simple and effective solution to object detection in large *** brief,OAN is a light fully-convolutional network for judging whether each patch contains objects or not,which can be easily integrated into many object detectors and jointly trained with them *** extensively evaluate our OAN with five advanced *** OAN,all five detectors acquire more than 30.0% speed-up on three large-scale aerial image datasets,meanwhile with consistent accuracy *** extremely large Gaofen-2 images(29200 × 27620 pixels),our OAN improves the detection speed by 70.5%.Moreover,we extend our OAN to driving-scene object detection and 4K video object detection,boosting the detection speed by 112.1% and 75.0%,respectively,without sacrificing the accuracy.

关键词： efficient object detection large aerial images objectness activation network

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