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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2013年第3期3卷 179-185页

作者： Masahide Yasuda Keisuke Takeo Hayato Nagai Takuya Uto Toshifumi Yui Tomoko Matsumoto Yasuyuki Ishii kazuyoshi ohta Center for Collaborative Research and Community Cooperation University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Department of Animal and Grassland Sciences Faculty of Agriculture University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan

Napiegrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) was treated with a low-moisture anhydrous ammonia (LMAA) pretreatment by adding an equal weight of water and keeping it under atmospheric ammonia gas at room temperature for four weeks. After the removal of ammonia and washing with water, a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was conducted for the LMAA-pretreated napiergrass (1.33 g) in a buffer solution (8 mL) using a mixture of a cellulase (80 mg) and a xylanase (53 mg) as well as the cell suspension (0.16 mL) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ethanol and xylose resulted in 91.2% and 62.9% yields, respectively. The SSF process was scaled up using LMAA-pretreated napiergrass (100.0 g) to give ethanol (77.2%) and xylose (52.8%). After the removal of ethanol, the pentose fermentation of the SSF solution (40 mL), which contained 1.00 g of xylose, using cell suspension of Escherichia coli KO11 (70 mL) gave 86.3% yield of ethanol. Total ethanol yield reached 68.9% based on xylan (21.4 wt%) and glucan (39.7 wt%) of the LMAA-pretreated napiergrass.

关键词： LMAA SSF Cellulase Xylanase Saccharomyces cerevisiae Escherichia coli KO11

Numerical Simulation of Deflecting Flow in a Symmetric Enlarged Channel

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第4期16卷 353-359页

作者： HiroyukiYOSHIKAWA MizueMUNEKATA HidekiOHBA kazuyoshi ICHINOMIYA Department of Mechanical System Engineering Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiKumamoto860-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiKumamoto860-8555 Japan

Numerical results of three-dimensional separated flow and heat transfer in a rectangular channel with a sudden expansion are presented in this paper. Numerical simulations of Navier-Stokes and energy equations are carried out using the finite difference method. The results of three-dimensional calculations are compared with the two-dimensional ones, and effects of the aspect ratio of channel upon the flow are shown. The transition from symmetric to asymmetric flow appears at lower Reynolds number as increasing the aspect ratio. The details of local heat transfer characteristics in two different separated flow regions on two downstream walls are clarified. Two-dimensionality of the flow and heat transfer almost disappears for the aspect ratio considered.

关键词： Separated and reattached flow symmetric enlarged channel deflecting flow heat transfer

Hierarchically porous monoliths based on low-valence transition metal (Cu, Co, Mn) oxides:gelation and phase separation

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1656-1666页

作者： Xuanming Lu kazuyoshi Kanamori Kazuki Nakanishi Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceKyoto University Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto University Division aof Materials Research Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability Nagoya University

Hierarchically porous monoliths based on copper (Cu), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) oxides with three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected macropores and open nanopores were prepared using metal bromides as precursors via a sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. The difficulty of gelation for low-valence metal cation was overcome by introducing a highly electronegative Br atom near to the metal atom to control the rates of hydrolysis and polycondensation. The 3D interconnected macropores were obtained using appropriate polymers to induce phase separation. The domain sizes of macropores and skeletons can be controlled by reaction parameters such as concentration and/or average molecular weight of polymers, and the amount of hydrochloric acid. The crystalline metal oxide monoliths with their 3D interconnected macroporous structure preserved were obtained after heat treatment in air.

关键词： hierarchically porous monolith low-valence transition metal oxide 3D interconnected macropore sol–gel process phase separation

Uncertainty in solid precipitation and snow depth prediction for Siberia using the Noah and Noah-MP land surface models

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第4期12卷 672-682页

作者： kazuyoshi SUZUKI Milija ZUPANSKI Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Change Research (IACE) Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)Yokohama236-0001Japan Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523-1375USA

In this study, we investigate the uncertainties associated with land surface processes in an ensemble predication context. Specifically, we compare the uncertainties produced by a coupled atmosphere-land modeling system with two different land surface models, the Noah- MP land surface model (LSM) and the Noah LSM, by using the Maximum Likelihood Ensemble Filter (MLEF) data assimilation system as a platform for ensemble prediction. We carried out 24-hour prediction simulations in Siberia with 32 ensemble members beginning at 00:00 UTC on 5 March 2013. We then compared the model prediction uncertainty of snow depth and solid precipitation with observation-based research products and evaluated the standard deviation of the ensemble spread. The prediction skill and ensemble spread exhibited high positive correlation for both LSMs, indicating a realistic uncertainty estimation. The inclusion of a multiple snowlayer model in the Noah-MP LSM was beneficial for reducing the uncertainties of snow depth and snow depth change compared to the Noah LSM, but the uncertainty in daily solid precipitation showed minimal difference between the two LSMs. The impact of LSM choice in reducing temperature uncertainty was limited to surface layers of the atmosphere. In summary, we found that the more sophisticated Noah-MP LSM reduces uncertainties associated with land surface processes compared to the Noah LSM. Thus, using prediction models with improved skill implies improved predictability and greater certainty of prediction.

关键词： ensemble simulation land-atmosphere interaction ensemble spread vertical temperature snow prediction

Numerical Analysis of Thermal Convections in a Three-dimensional Cavity: Influence of Difference in Approximation Models on Numerical Solutions

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第3期13卷 283-288页

作者： kazuyoshi MATSUZAKI Hideki OHBA Mizue MUNEKATA Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Kumamoto 860-8555 JapanMechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Kumamoto 860-8555 JapanMechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan

In order to develop the practical approximation models suitable to flow fields at low Mach number with large temperature difference, the influence of difference in approximation models on numerical solutions was investigated by solving the natural convection in the 3-D enclosures with vertical sidewalls differentially heated and the heated bottom wall using 3 approximation models, that is Boussinesq approximation, low Mach Number approximation and approximation model proposed by Mlaouah. As results of the simulation, the effects of the differences in the three approximation models on the numerical solutions become clear.

关键词： thermal convection approximation model numerical analysis 3-D cavity.

Theoretical study of current-voltage characteristics of carbon nanotube wire functionalized with hydrogen atoms

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第5期55卷 796-801页

作者： FUENO Hiroyuki KOBAYASHI Yoshikazu TANAKA kazuyoshi Department of Molecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan

A functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) of a finite length with a ring-like hydrogenation around its surface is designed toward fabrication of a molecular field-effect transistor (FET) device. The molecular wire thus designed is equipped with a quantum dot inside, which is confirmed by theoretical analysis for electronic transport. In particular, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under influence of the gate voltage are discussed in detail.

关键词： single-walled carbon nanotube molecular field-effect transistor molecular wire electron transport

A Study on Viscoelastic Fluid Flow in a Square-Section 90-Degrees Bend

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Journal of Thermal Science 2003年第4期12卷 337-343页

作者： Mizue Munekata kazuyoshi Matsuzaki Hideki Ohba Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University Kurokami 2-39-1 Kumamoto JapanDept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University Kurokami 2-39-1 Kumamoto JapanDept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University Kurokami 2-39-1 Kumamoto Japan

It is well known that the drag-reducing effect is obtained in a surfactant solution flow in a straight pipe. We investigate about a viscoelastic fluid flow such as a surfactant solution flow in a square-section 90° bend. In the experimental study, drag-reducing effect and velocity field in a surfactant solution flow are investigated by measurements of wall pressure loss and LDV measurements. For the numerical method, LES with FENE-P model is used in the viscoelastic fluid flow in the bend. The flow characteristics of viscoelastic fluid are discussed compared with that of a Newtonian fluid.

关键词： non-Newtonian flow viscoelastic fluid drag reduction bend flow LES LDV.

Effect of Non-Newtonian Viscosity for Surfactant Solutions on Vortex Characteristics in a Swirling Pipe Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2005年第4期14卷 357-361,356页

作者： Mizue MUNEKATA Hidefumi TAKAKI Hideki OHBA kazuyoshi MATSUZAKI Kumamoto University 2-39-1 KurokamiKumamoto 860-8555Japan Tokyo Electron LTD. 650 Mitsuzawa Hosaka-cho NirasakiYamanashi 407-0192Japan

Effects of non-Newtonian viscosity for surfactant solution on the vortex characteristics and drag-reducing rate in a swirling pipe flow are investigated by pressure drop measurements, velocity profile measurements and viscosity measurements. Non-Newtonian viscosity is represented by power-law model （t= kD^π）. Surfactant solution used has shear-thinning viscosity with n 〈 1.0. The swirling flow in this study has decay of swirl and vortex-type change from Rankin＇s combined vortex to forced vortex. It is shown that the effect of shear-thinning viscosity on the decay of swirl intensity is different by vortex category and the critical swirl number with the vortex-type change depends on shear-thinning viscosity.

关键词： swirling flow drag reduction surfactant solution non-Newtonian fluid vortex LDV.

Numerical Study on Particle Motions in Swirling Flows in a Cyclone Separator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第2期15卷 181-185页

作者： kazuyoshi MATSUZAKI Hideaki USHIJIMA Mizue MUNEKATA Hideki OHBA Tokyo Electron LTD. 650 Mitsuzawa Hosaka-cho Nirasaki Yamanashi 407-0192 Japan Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan

The purpose of this study is to establish the high-accurate prediction method of particle separation in a cyclone separator. Numerical simulation of the swirling flows in a cyclone separator is performed by using a large eddy simulation （LES） based on a Smagorinsky model. The validity of the simulation and the complicated flow characteristics are discussed by comparison with experimental results. Moreover, particle motions are treated by a Lagrangian method and are calculated with a one-way method. A performance for particle separation is predicted from the results of the particle tracing. As results of our investigation, the influences of the inserted height of the outlet pipe on the performance for particle separation of cyclone separator are shown.

关键词： cyclone separator swirling flow particle motion large eddy simulation

Thermal Properties of Al-50%Si Alloys

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 180-182页

作者： Akio Nishimoto Katsuya Akamatsu kazuyoshi Nakao Kazuo Ichii Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka JapanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka Japan

In order to prepare a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy with low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), Al-50%Si alloy was produced by powder metallurgy (P/M) and ingot metallurgy (I/M). P/M specimen was prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) and pulsed electric-current sintering (PECS). The microstructures of specimens were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Vickers microhardness and CTE measurements were performed. The grains in the P/M specimen were refined with increasing MA time. Primary Si and eutectic Si in the I/M specimen were remarkably refined by adding minute amounts of Sr. The CTE of P/M and I/M specimens were estimated as ***"6 and 10.7xlO"6, respectively. These values were as same as a CTE of AlaOs ceramics.

关键词： Al-Si合金热膨胀系数焙烧浇铸锶增加