检索结果-南通市图书馆

The Energy Consumption of Heatingin the Northeast Rural Area of China from the Perspective of the Kang and Agricultural Waste

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Meteorological and Environmental Research 2015年第1期6卷 9-13,16页

作者： Han Ben Kondo kayoko Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Design Kyushu University Department of Environment Design Faculty of DesignKyushu University

In China, the heating energy consumption patterns of rural housing are changing due to economic development. This study investigated domestic heating in rural areas of Dalian, a city in northeast China. In rural areas of the country, heating devices such as coal boiler, radiator, and/ or air-conditioner are typically used. The Kang, as the main heating system, has been used together with other heating methods for a long time in detached houses, one-story buildings, and quadrangles. Use of the Kang in collective housing is no longer observed. In addition to coal, agricultural wastes have been used to fuel the Kang; the associated CO2 emissions with agricultural fuels are lower than from other heating equipment. Even when a combination of the Kang and other equipment is used, with agricultural waste as fuel, CO2 emissions remain relatively low.

关键词： Kang Agricultural waste Heating Energy consumption CO2 emission

Method of Searching for Earthquake Disaster Evacuation Routes Using Multi-Objective GA and GIS

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Geographic Information System 2014年第5期6卷 492-525页

作者： Yuichiro Shimura kayoko Yamamoto Graduate School of Information Systems University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

This study treats the determination of routes for evacuation on foot in earthquake disasters as a multi-objective optimization problem, and aims to propose a method for quantitatively searching for evacuation routes using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (multi-objective GA) and GIS. The conclusions can be summarized in the following three points. 1) A GA was used to design and create an evacuation route search algorithm which solves the problem of the optimization of earthquake disaster evacuation routes by treating it as an optimization problem with multiple objectives, such as evacuation distance and evacuation time. 2) In this method, goodness of fit is set by using a Pareto ranking method to determine the ranking of individuals based on their relative superiorities and inferiorities. 3) In this method, searching for evacuation routes based on the information on present conditions allows evacuation routes to be derived based on present building and road locations.?Further, this method is based on publicly available information;therefore, obtaining geographic information similar to that of this study enables this method to be effective regardless of what region it is applied to, or whether the data regards the past or the future. Therefore, this method has high degree of spatial and temporal reproducibility.

关键词： Evacuation Route Evacuation Site Earthquake Disaster Multi-Objective Optimization Problem Multi-Objective GA (Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm) Pareto Ranking Method GIS

Environmental Information Statement for Home Appliances at Online Stores in Japan

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2013年第6期2卷 388-403页

作者： kayoko Yamamoto Syuichi Kubota Graduate School of lnformation Systems The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo 182-8585 Japan Toko Electric Corp. Tokyo 100-0006 Japan

This study aims to identify the current situation and problems of environmental information statement for major four home appliances （refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners and television receivers） sold at online stores in Japan, and then to suggest how to improve the situation, through a questionnaire survey conducted among businesses that operate online stores and online malls with multiple online stores. The findings of this study are summarized into the following two points：（l） It is found out that environmental information statement for the home appliances at online stores has four problems：（i） less information on ＂three Rs （reduce, reuse and recycle）＂ and ＂chemical substances＂ than the one on ＂energy conservation＂; （ii） cost for providing environmental information statement; （iii） issues associated with a label and mark placement; （iv） issues associated with energy conservation statement. （2） Improvements are suggested for each of the four problems listed above, and shown are （i） the effectiveness of, and need to promote, a label and mark placement; （ii） cost burden on buyers; （iii） need of active efforts made by businesses and of dissemination of legal regulations to businesses.

关键词： Environmental information statement home appliances environmentally-friendly product online store.

Method for Evaluating the Influence of Obstruction of Sea Breeze by Clusters of High-Rise Buildings on the Urban Heat Island Effect

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第11期5卷 983-996页

作者： Shota Sashiyama kayoko Yamamoto Graduate School of Information Systems University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

This study aims to propose a method for quantitatively evaluating the influence which the obstruction of sea breezes by clusters of high-rise buildings has on the urban heat island effect using a weather simulation model and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Specifically, a method of evaluating the influence of the obstruction of sea breeze by high-rise buildings on the urban heat island effect was proposed. In the method, two scenarios that imagine urban forms which differ with regard to whether or not they contain high-rise buildings are created and weather simulation is conducted, and the results of the simulations are comparatively analyzed focusing on temperature and wind speed. Evaluation was conducted in two stages, and Shiodome of Minato City in the Tokyo Metropolis was selected as the region for evaluation. In two stages of evaluation, a rise in temperature of approximately 0.3 K and a reduction in wind speed of approximately 1 m/s were observed in a region approximately five to ten kilometers square downwind of high-rise buildings in the period 6 PM to 9 PM, and a higher temperature caused by the obstruction of sea breeze by high-rise buildings was identified. The fact that such a higher temperature was confirmed in the time period from 6 PM onwards, in which the temperature decreases, reveals that obstruction of sea breeze by high-rise buildings dulls the decrease in temperature which occurs from evening onwards, and influences nighttime urban heat island formation.

关键词： Urban Heat Island Effect Sea Breeze Clusters of High-Rise Buildings Weather Simulation Model GIS

Safety Evaluation Method of Evacuation Routes in Areas in Case of Earthquake Disasters Using Ant Optimization Algorithm and Geographic Information Systems

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2017年第9期6卷 462-478页

作者： kayoko Yamamoto Ximing Li Graduate School of lnformatics and Engineering National University of Electro-Communications Tokyo 182-8585 Japan Graduate School of Information Systems National University of Electro-Communications Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

The present study aims to propose the method for the quantitative evaluation of safety concerning evacuation routes in case of earthquake disasters in urban areas using ACO （Ant Colony Optimization） algorithm and GIS （Geographic Information Systems）. Regarding the safety evaluation method, firstly, the similarity in safety was focused on while taking into consideration road blockage probability, and after classifying roads by means of the hierarchical cluster analysis, the congestion rates of evacuation routes using ACO simulations were estimated. Based on these results, the multiple evacuation routes extracted were visualized on digital maps by means of GIS, and its safety was evaluated. Furthermore, the selection of safe evacuation routes between evacuation sites, for cases when the possibility of large-scale evacuation after an earthquake disaster is high, is made possible. As the safety evaluation method is based on public information, by obtaining the same geographic information as the present study, it is effective in other areas regardless of whether the information is of the past and future. Therefore, in addition to spatial reproducibility, the safety evaluation method also has high temporal reproducibility. Because safety evaluations are conducted on evacuation routes based on quantified data, highly safe evacuation routes that are selected have been quantitatively evaluated, and thus serve as an effective indicator when selecting evacuation routes.

关键词： Large-scale evacuation evacuation route safety evaluation earthquake disaster ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) GIS (Geographic Information Systems).

An Environmental Risk Evaluation Method Employing Atmospheric Dispersion Models and GIS

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第12期4卷 1392-1408页

作者： Masakazu Ishii kayoko Yamamoto Graduate School of Information Systems University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan.

This study aims to develop a method for evaluating the environmental risk of harmful chemical substances released from specific sources, using two atmospheric dispersion models and GIS (Geographic Information Systems). In the first stage of evaluation, ADMER was used to conduct a wide-area evaluation which covered the entire area of the evaluation target region. In the second stage, METI-LIS was used to conduct a detailed limited-area evaluation which targeted the vicinity of sources. In this study, incinerators were selected as sources and dioxins were selected as harmful chemical substances. The area selected for evaluation was the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan, and the evaluation method proposed in this study was used to evaluate environmental risk. Through the use of atmospheric dispersion models and GIS, the behavior of dioxins emitted into the atmosphere from incinerators was estimated. By superimposing atmospheric levels and population data, the amounts of dioxins that humans exposed to were found. Additionally, by superimposing deposition amounts and land use data, the amounts of dioxins accumulated in each land environment were found. Conducting these steps enabled the impact of dioxins on humans and the environment to be grasped quantitatively and visually, and the risk that dioxins emitted from incinerators pose to the environment to be evaluated.

关键词： Environmental Risk Atmospheric Dispersion Models GIS Dioxins Incinerator

An Evaluation of Measures Regarding Road Traffic against the Urban Heat Island in the Tokyo Ward Area, Japan

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第9期6卷 957-975页

作者： Kohei Imai kayoko Yamamoto Fuji Xerox Co. Ltd. Yokohama Japan Graduate School of Information Systems University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan

This study aims to evaluate measures against the Urban Heat Island (UHI) regarding artificial exhaust heat of road traffic using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the Tokyo Ward Area where the degree of UHI is particularly strong. We developed a GIS database that reflected road traffic conditions, and calculated the volume of artificial exhaust heat of road traffic to evaluate measures against the UHI. The findings of this study can be summarized in the following three points. 1) Artificial exhaust heat volume for moving targets was remarkably higher than that of stationary targets and, in particular, artificial exhaust heat volume was high on roads with remarkable numbers of vehicles and running speeds such as expressways and ring roads. 2) In UHI- related policy for moving targets, the suppression of waste heat through choice of fuel burned, improvement of traffic flow by securing space for cyclists and pedestrians, development of bypasses, and upgrading signal control managed to reduce artificial exhaust heat volume, even though there were differences in degree of reduction. 3) In UHI-related policy for stationary targets, special road surfaces and the increase in efficiency of energy consumption equipment achieved a reduction ratio of around 30% in artificial exhaust heat volume, more than moving targets as well as making it possible to expect a reduction in artificial exhaust heat volume on a wide scale.

关键词： Urban Heat Island (UHI) Road Traffic Artificial Exhaust Heat UHI-Related Policy GIS

Androgen receptor deficiency in monocytes/ macrophages does not alter adiposity or glucose homeostasis in male mice

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 276-283页

作者： Katya B Rubinow Barbara Houston Shari Wang Leela Goodspeed kayoko Ogimoto Gregory J Morton Christopher McCarty Robert E Braun Stephanie T Page Division of Metabolism Endocrinology and Nutrition Department of Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle WA 98195 USA Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA

Androgen deprivation in men leads to increased adiposity, but the mechanisms underlying androgen regulation of fat mass have not been fully defined. Androgen receptor （AR） is expressed in monocytes/macrophages, which are resident in key metabolic tissues and influence energy metabolism in surrounding cells. Male mice bearing a cell-specific knockout of the AR in monocytes/macrophages （M-ARKO） were generated to determine whether selective loss of androgen signaling in these cells would lead to altered body composition. Wild-type （WT） and M-ARKO mice （12-22 weeks of age, n = 12 per group） were maintained on a regular chow diet for 8 weeks and then switched to a high-fat diet for 8 additional weeks. At baseline and on both the regular chow and high-fat diets, no differences in lean mass or fat mass were observed between groups. Consistent with the absence of differential body weight or adiposity, no differences in food intake （3.0 ± 0.5 g per day for WT mice vs 2.8 ± 0.4 g per day for M-ARKO mice） or total energy expenditure （0.6 ± 0.1 Kcal h-1 for WT mice vs 0.5 ± 0.1 Kcal h-1 for M-ARKO mice） were evident between groups during high-fat feeding. Liver weight was greater in M-ARKO than that in WT mice （1.5 ± 0.1 g vs 1.3 ± 0.0 g, respectively, P = 0.02）. Finally, M-ARKO mice did not exhibit impairments in glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity relative to WT mice at any study time point. In aggregate, these findings suggest that AR signaling specifically in monocytes/macrophages does not contribute to the regulation of systemic energy balance, adiposity, or insulin sensitivity in male mice.

关键词： androgen receptor knockout mice macrophages male hypogonadism metabolic syndrome

Comparative Study on the E-waste Recycling Systems in Japan and China

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2013年第7期2卷 427-439页

作者： kayoko Y amamloto Bi Bo Graduate School of Information Systems The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo 182-8585 Japan NEC Corporation Tokyo 108-8001 Japan

This study aims to identify processes, current situations and issues of recycling systems for four home appliances, namely, air conditioners, television receivers, refrigerators, and washing machines, among e-wastes in China and Japan for understanding and comparison of their characteristics. In accordance with results of a literature search, review of information disclosed online, and questionnaire survey conducted, the findings of this study are summarized in the following two points：（1） The results show that in Japan most of the home appliances mentioned above have been collected through home appliance recycling tickets, resulting in an issue of ＂requiring some effort＂ in treatment and recycling stages, and most plants have contracted out their e-waste recycling; （2） It is found out that advantages of the recycling system in Japan include easiness to monitor concrete data and thorough environmental friendliness ensured while its disadvantages include illegal dumping and export. It becomes apparent that advantages of the recycling system in China include a high reuse rate, low treatment cost, and fewer illegal dumping while its disadvantages include less safe reused products, environmental pollution caused by e-waste treatment, illegal import and difficulty in obtaining data.

关键词： E-waste recycling systems home appliances Japan and China.