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Integrating Conjugate Gradients Into Evolutionary Algorithms for Large-Scale Continuous Multi-Objective Optimization

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第10期9卷 1801-1817页

作者： Ye Tian Haowen chen Haiping Ma Xingyi Zhang kay chen tan Yaochu Jin the Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China the Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230601China IEEE the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Artificial IntelligenceAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China the Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina the Faculty of Technology Bielefeld UniversityBielefeld 33619Germany

Large-scale multi-objective optimization problems(LSMOPs)pose challenges to existing optimizers since a set of well-converged and diverse solutions should be found in huge search *** evolutionary algorithms are good at solving small-scale multi-objective optimization problems,they are criticized for low efficiency in converging to the optimums of *** contrast,mathematical programming methods offer fast convergence speed on large-scale single-objective optimization problems,but they have difficulties in finding diverse solutions for ***,how to integrate evolutionary algorithms with mathematical programming methods to solve LSMOPs remains *** this paper,a hybrid algorithm is tailored for LSMOPs by coupling differential evolution and a conjugate gradient *** the one hand,conjugate gradients and differential evolution are used to update different decision variables of a set of solutions,where the former drives the solutions to quickly converge towards the Pareto front and the latter promotes the diversity of the solutions to cover the whole Pareto *** the other hand,objective decomposition strategy of evolutionary multi-objective optimization is used to differentiate the conjugate gradients of solutions,and the line search strategy of mathematical programming is used to ensure the higher quality of each offspring than its *** comparison with state-of-the-art evolutionary algorithms,mathematical programming methods,and hybrid algorithms,the proposed algorithm exhibits better convergence and diversity performance on a variety of benchmark and real-world LSMOPs.

关键词： Conjugate gradient differential evolution evolutionary computation large-scale multi-objective optimization mathematical programming

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Clinical and socioeconomic determinants of survival in biliary tract adenocarcinomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1374-1383页

作者： Laura Sahyoun kay chen Cynthia Tsay George chen Petr Protiva Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065United States Gastroenterology Section Jennifer Moreno VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA 92161United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology John Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Digestive Diseases Yale New Haven HospitalNew HavenCT 06520United States Department of Gastroenterology VA Connecticut Health Care SystemWest HavenCT 06516United States

BACKGROUND Despite advances in detection and treatments,biliary tract cancers continue to have poor survival ***,there is limited data investigating the significance of socioeconomic status,race/ethnicity,and environmental factors in biliary tract cancer *** from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database for biliary and gallbladder adenocarcinomas were extracted from 1975 to ***-conomic data included smoking,poverty level,education,adjusted household income,and percentage of foreign-born persons and urban *** was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models for death in the 5-year period following *** Our study included 15883 gallbladder,11466 intrahepatic biliary,12869 extrahepatic biliary and 7268 ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma *** analyzing county-specific demographics,patients from counties with higher incomes were associated with higher survival rates[hazard ratio(HR)=0.97,P<0.05].Similarly,counties with a higher percentage of patients with a college level education and counties with a higher urban population had higher 5-year survival rates(HR=0.96,P=0.002 and HR=0.97,P=0.004,respectively).CONCLUSION Worse survival outcomes were observed in lower income counties while higher income and education level were associated with higher 5-year overall survival among gallbladder and biliary malignancies.

关键词： Biliary tract cancers Survival Outcomes research Socioeconomic factors Healthcare disparities

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A Multi-Channel CMOS Analog Front-End Interface IC with 157.8 d B Current Detection Dynamic Range

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第2期33卷 393-402页

作者： Kunyu WANG Wenjing XU chengbin ZHANG Yanjun YANG Man-kay LAW Li ZHOU Jie chen Ming chen Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Zunyi Normal University Institute of Microelectronics and Dept.of ECE FST University of Macau

A high dynamic range and low-noise CMOS(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor)front-end interface integrated circuit(IC) with multi-channel detection is presented in this paper. Two different current detection channels, composed of a trans-impedance amplifier(TIA) and an integrator-differentiator TIA, are used to boost the current detection range. A capacitance-coupled instrument amplifier(CCIA) is also included to realize high precision voltage detection. A fourth-order sigma-delta modulator using a second-order loop filter and a second-order noise shaping integral quantizer is adopted to realize effective number of bits above 16 bits. The presented interface IC is implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS process with supply voltage of 3.3 V, and a proto-type electrochemical sensor platform with miniaturized sensor array is developed to verify the functionality of the interface IC. Measurement results indicate that the designed interface IC achieves 157.8 d B current detection dynamic range, and the measured input-referred current noise and voltage noise floor are 1.04 p A and 58.4 n V within 10 k Hz integration bandwidths,respectively.

关键词： Integrated circuits Sigma-delta modulation Semiconductor device measurement Voltage measurement Current measurement Noise Bandwidth

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Metformin-associated lactic acidosis:A mini review of pathophysiology,diagnosis and management in critically ill patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1178-1186页

作者： kay Choong See Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore

Metformin is a common diabetes drug that may reduce lactate clearance by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation,leading to metforminassociated lactic acidosis(MALA).As diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic condition found in critically ill patients,pre-existing metformin use can often be found in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit or the high dependency *** aim of this narrative mini review is therefore to update clinicians about MALA,and to provide a practical approach to its diagnosis and *** in critically ill patients may be suspected in a patient who has received metformin and who has a high anion gap metabolic acidosis,and confirmed when lactate exceeds 5 mmol/*** factors include those that reduce renal elimination of metformin(renal impairment from any cause,histamine-2 receptor antagonists,ribociclib)and excessive alcohol consumption(as ethanol oxidation consumes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides that are also required for lactate metabolism).Treatment of MALA involves immediate cessation of metformin,supportive management,treating other concurrent causes of lactic acidosis like sepsis,and treating any coexisting diabetic *** MALA requires extracorporeal removal of metformin with either intermittent hemodialysis or continuous kidney replacement *** optimal time to restart metformin has not been *** is nonetheless reasonable to first ensure that lactic acidosis has resolved,and then recheck the kidney function post-recovery from critical illness,ensuring that the estimated glomerular filtration rate is 30 mL/min/1.73 m^(2) or better before restarting metformin.

关键词： Acid-base equilibrium Biguanides Oxidative phosphorylation Pyruvic acid Renal replacement therapy

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Diagnosis and management of severe pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in critically ill patients:A mini review for clinicians

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期13卷 106-115页

作者： Dominic Ti Ming tan kay Choong See Department of Medicine National University HospitalSingapore 119228Singapore

Among critically ill patients,severe pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis has high morbidity and ***,it is a diagnostic challenge given its nonspecific clinical symptoms and signs in early stages of the *** addition,management of severe pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis is complicated given the high risk of drug-drug interactions,drug-disease interactions,and adverse drug *** help clinicians acquire an up-to-date approach to severe tuberculosis,this paper will provide a narrative review of contemporary diagnosis and management of severe pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis in critically ill patients.

关键词： Tuberculosis Severe tuberculosis Mycobaterium tuberculosis Critical care Intensive care Diagnosis of tuberculosis Management of tuberculosis

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CAutoCSD-Evolutionary Search and Optimisation Enabled Computer Automated Control System Design

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2004年第1期1卷 76-88页

作者： Kiam Heong Ang Gregory C.Y. kay chen tan Hiroshi Kashiwagi Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8LT UKDepartment of Electronics and Electrical Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8LT UKDepartment of Electronics and Electrical Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8LT UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science Kumamoto University Japan

This paper attempts to set a unified scene for various linear time-invariant (LTI) control system design schemes, by transforming the existing concept of “computer-aided control system design” (CACSD) to novel “computer-automated control system design” (CAutoCSD). The first step towards this goal is to accommodate, under practical constraints, various design objectives that are desirable in both time and frequency domains. Such performance-prioritised unification is aimed at relieving practising engineers from having to select a particular control scheme and from sacrificing certain performance goals resulting from pre-commitment to such schemes. With recent progress in evolutionary computing based extra-numeric, multi-criterion search and optimisation techniques, such unification of LTI control schemes becomes feasible, analytical and practical, and the resultant designs can be creative. The techniques developed are applied to, and illustrated by, three design problems. The unified approach automatically provides an integrator for zero-steady state error in velocity control of a DC motor, and meets multiple objectives in the design of an LTI controller for a non-minimum phase plant and offers a high-performance LTI controller network for a non-linear chemical process.

关键词： Linear time invariant (LTI) proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) control system design (CSD) computer aided control system design (CACSD) performance index genetic algorithms (GA) evolutionary computation (EC) process control r

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Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) Version 15

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 599-604页

作者： John W.Orchard Ebonie Rio kay M.Crossley Jessica J.Orchard Margo Mountjoy School of Public Health University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3083Australia Department of Family Medicine McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

Background:Sports medicine(injury and illnesses)requires distinct coding systems because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports medicine *** Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System(OSIICS)is one of two sports medicine coding systems recommended by the International Olympic *** updates of coding systems are ***:For Version 15,updates for mental health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly ***:Recommended codes were added from a recent International Olympic Committee consensus statement on mental health conditions in *** landmark sports cardiology papers were used to update a more comprehensive list of sports cardiology *** union protocols on head injury assessment were used to create additional concussion ***:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into multiple new languages in a timely fashion to facilitate international *** large number of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statements on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

关键词： Sports cardiology Dermatology Eye injuries Concussion Infectious diseases Sports injury classification

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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui chen Rita Way Yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.Leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian Wang Renee Wan Yi Chan Albert Martin Li David Shu Cheong Hui Paul kay Sheung Chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

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EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith Al-Hasani Safiya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell Jun Okabe Ishant Khurana Thomas Karagiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana Thomas Loudovaris Thomas kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for ***,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1D owing to their inherent differentiation *** transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from juvenile and adult T1D donors to the FDAapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-like cell *** transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and a promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-like cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

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Principled Design of Translation, Scale, and Rotation Invariant Variation Operators for Metaheuristics

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年第1期32卷 111-129页

作者： TIAN Ye ZHANG Xingyi HE cheng tan kay chen JIN Yaochu Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Faculty of Technology Bielefeld University

A large number of metaheuristics have been proposed and shown high performance in solving complex optimization problems. While most variation operators in existing metaheuristics are empirically designed,new operators are automatically designed in this work,which are expected to be search space independent and thus exhibit robust performance on different *** work first investigates the influence of translation invariance, scale invariance, and rotation invariance on the search behavior and performance of some representative operators. This work then deduces the generic form of translation, scale, and rotation invariant operators, and proposes a principled approach for the automated design of operators, which searches for high-performance operators based on the deduced generic form. The experimental results demonstrate that the operators generated by the proposed approach outperform state-of-the-art ones on a variety of problems with complex landscapes and up to 1000decision variables.

关键词： Deep learning Metaheuristics Reinforcement learning Benchmark testing Search problems Robustness Behavioral sciences

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