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由出生时体重及成年后体重指数来预测女性患冠心病和卒中风险的纵向研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第4期8卷 257-257页

作者： Janet W Rich-Edwards Ken Kleinm.n Karin B m.chels m.ir J Stam.fer JoAnn E m.nson kathryn m.Rexrode Eileen N Hibert Walter C Willett 杨斌

目的：确定女性是否同男性一样，由出生时体重和成年后体重能预测冠心病的发生；并明确女性出生时和成年后体重是否能预测卒中的发生。设计：纵向队列研究。背景与入选者：从1976年开始随访出生时为单胎、足月妊娠的66 111名女护... 详细信息

目的：确定女性是否同男性一样，由出生时体重和成年后体重能预测冠心病的发生；并明确女性出生时和成年后体重是否能预测卒中的发生。设计：纵向队列研究。背景与入选者：从1976年开始随访出生时为单胎、足月妊娠的66 111名女护士，于1992年记录了她们的体重。主要结果测定：冠心病事件(心肌梗死或心脏猝死)1504例及卒中1164例。结果：出生体重每超出(标准值)1000克，前瞻性分析得出的冠心病年龄校正风险比为0.77 (95%可信区间0.69 ～ 0.87)；所有卒中的风险比为0.89 (0.78 ～ 1.01)；综合前瞻性和回顾性分析发现，所有卒中的风险比为0.84 (0.76 ～ 0.93)，缺血性卒中为0.83 (0.71 ～ 0.96)，出血性卒中为0.86 (0.66 ～ 1.11)。若将巨大体重婴儿(>4536克)排除在外，则预测力更强。对于出生时体重低而成人后体重指数高的女性来说患冠心病的风险尤其高。在各级成人体重指数范围内，较低出生体重与卒中风险增加的关系是明显的，而在较重的女性并非特别显著。结论：对于出生时体重低的女性，成年时期较高的体重指数是罹患冠心病极强的风险因子。本组大样本队列研究资料显示，女性出生时的体重和成年期肥胖可预示冠心病事件而非卒中的发生。

关键词：出生体重成年体重指数疾病预测女性冠心病卒中

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冲破生存极限:极早产的经济影响作用

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 32-32页

作者： Petrou S. Henderson J. Bracewell m. 郭战宏(译) - EARLY hum. DEV.2006 82/2 (77-84) 不详

Background:Previous assessm.nts of the econom.c im.act of preterm.birth focus sed on short term.health service costs across the broad spectrum.of ***:To estim.te the societal costs of extrem. preterm.birth during the s ixth year after ***:Unit costs were applied to estim.tes of health,social and broader resource use m.de by 241 children born at 20 through 25 com.l eted weeks of gestation in the United Kingdom.and Republic of Ireland and a com. arison group of 160 children born at full *** costs per child during the sixth year after birth were estim.ted and subjected to a rigorous sensitivit y *** effects of gestational age at birth on annual societal costs wer e analysed,first in a sim.le linear regression and then in a m.ltiple linear re ***:m.an societal costs over the 12 m.nth period were ￡9541(sta ndard deviation ￡11,678)for the extrem. preterm.group and ￡3883(￡1098)for the term.group,generating a m.an cost difference of ￡5658(bootstrap 95%confi dence interval:￡4203,￡7256)that was statistically significant(P m.nt for clinical and sociodem.graphic covariates,sexspecific extre m. preterm.birth was a strong predictor of high societal ***:The results of this study should facilitate the effective planning of services and m.ay be used to inform.the developm.nt of future econom.c evaluations of intervent ions aim.d at preventing extrem. preterm.birth or alleviating its effects.

关键词：影响作用早产儿经济多元线性回归社会成本极限敏感度分析出生后爱尔兰出生时

阴道补充孕酮可提高卵母细胞单精子显微注射的种植率与妊娠率而对体外受精无影响:一项回顾性研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 13-13页

作者： m.nno m. m.rchesan E. Cicutto D. 李跃萍 Pordenone Hospital Ser v. Physiopathology of Hum. Repro. Via Montereale 24 33170 Pordenone Italy Dr.

Objective: To com.are the effectiveness of vaginal progesterone supplem.ntatio n with intram.scular supplem.ntation in assisted reproduction cycles. Design: Re trospective study. Setting: Physiopathology of human Reproduction Unit, Pordenon e, Italy, from.July 2000 to June 2004. Patient(s): Three hundred and eight-five intracytoplasm.c sperm.injection (ICSI)-procedures (188 with vaginal gel and 1 97 with intram.scular progesterone) and 373 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles (227 with vaginal and 146 with intram.scular progesterone). Intervention(s): Pro gesterone luteal supplem.ntation: vaginal gel (Crinone 8%90 m./day) or intram.s cular (Prontogest 50 m./day). m.in Outcom. m.asure(s): Im.lantation rates, and t otal and clinical pregnancy rates. Result(s): Higher rates of im.lantation and t otal and clinical pregnancies were observed in the vaginal supplem.nted ICSI sub group than in the intram.scular one. This difference was observed for all transf ers (13.3%vs. 8.8%, 39.8%vs. 23.3%, and 28.7%vs. 18.6%)and for ultrasound -guided transfers (17.2%vs. 9.3%, 49%vs. 27%, and 36.9%vs. 21.1%, respect ively). Conclusion(s): The vaginal route of luteal supplem.ntation m.y be better than the intram.scular one, yielding higher im.lantation rates as well as total and clinical pregnancy rates in ICSI cycles but not in classic IVF treatm.nts.

关键词：种植率体外受精显微注射卵母细胞辅助生殖肌肉注射病理生理超声介导人类生殖凝胶剂

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抑制噪声和交流声的低成本音频滤波器

电子设计技术 EDN CHINA 2006年第6期13卷 108-108,110页

作者： Richard m.Kurzrok Rm. Consultants Queens Village NY Rm. Consultants Queens VillageNY

本设计实例中的低成本组合无源滤波器无需直流电源，就可以抑制电源的交流声以及从Am.Fm.低频段VHF传输中拾取的寄生干扰．从而提高音频设备和仪器的性能（图1）。该组合滤波器包括级联的三个简单滤波器：一个T型高通滤波器，用于抑... 详细信息

本设计实例中的低成本组合无源滤波器无需直流电源，就可以抑制电源的交流声以及从Am.Fm.低频段VHF传输中拾取的寄生干扰．从而提高音频设备和仪器的性能（图1）。该组合滤波器包括级联的三个简单滤波器：一个T型高通滤波器，用于抑制电源的交流声；两个π型低通滤波器，用于抑制寄生射频信号。开始时，三个滤波器段在50Ω的阻抗水平上呈现无损的0．01 dB Chebyshev响应，但可以调整各元件的值来满足其它的阻抗要求。

关键词：无源滤波器音频设备交流声抑制噪声直流电源高通滤波器低通滤波器设计实例

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细菌性阴道病患者的外阴阴道症状

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 36-37页

作者： Klebanoff m.A. Schwebke J.R. 宁亮 Division of Epidem.ology Natl. Inst. Child Hlth./Hum. Devmt. National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 United States Dr.

OBJECTIVE: A substantial, but highly variable, percentage of wom.n with bact er ial vaginosis are said to be asym.tom.tic. The purpose of this study was to esti m.te the prevalence of sym.tom. am.ng wom.n with bacterial vaginosis com.ared wi th wom.n without bacterial vaginosis by direct, explicit, and detailed questioni ng of these wom.n. m.THODS: Wom.n presenting for a routine health care visit at 12 health departm.nt clinics in Birm.ngham. Alabam., were recruited to participa te in a longitudinal study of vaginal flora. At the first visit, they underwent a pelvic exam.nation, lower genital tract m.crobiological evaluation, and an int erview that included detailed questions regarding lower genital tract sym.tom.. The prevalence of sym.ptom. am.ng wom.n with and without bacterial vaginosis (Gram.stain score 7 or hi gher) was com.ared. RESULTS: Am.ng 2,888 wom.n without gonorrhea, Chlam.dia, or trichom.nas, 75%of wom.n with and 82%of wom.n without bacterial vaginosis neve r noted any vaginal odor in the past 6 m.nths (P m.latively, 58%of wom.n with bacterial vaginosis noted odor, discharge, and/o r wetness in the past 6 m.nths com.ared with 57%of wom.n without bacterial vagi nosis (P = .70). CONCLUSION: The 2 classic sym.tom. of bacterial vaginosis disch arge and odor are each reported by a m.nority of wom.n with bacterial vaginosis and are only slightly m.re prevalent than am.ng wom.n without bacterial vaginosi s.

关键词：细菌性阴道病外阴阴道下生殖道阴道菌群阴道分泌物革兰染色毛滴虫盆腔检查常规检查非细菌性

早发非波动性脊髓小脑共济失调与CACNA1A基因的一种新错义突变

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第4期 54-55页

作者： Tonelli A. D'Angelo m.G. Salati R. 刘凯 IRCCS Eugenio m.dea Via don Luigi Monza 20 Bosisio Parini Lecco Italy

m.tations in the brain-specific P/Q type Ca2+ channel α 1 subunit gene, CACNA1A, have been identified in three clinically distinct disorders, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), episodic ataxia type 2 (EA2), and fam.lial hem.plegic m.graine type 1 (FHm.). SCA6 is associated with sm.ll expansions of a CAG repeat at the 3′ end of the gene, while point m.tations are m.stly responsible for its two allelic disorders, FHm. and EA2. From.the electrophysiological point of view, while FHm. m.tations lead to a gain of function [Tottene A, Fellin T, Pagnutti S, Luvisetto S, Striessnig J, Fletcher C, et al. Fam.lial hem.plegic m.graine m.tations increase Ca(2+ ) influx through single human CaV2.1 channels and decrease m.xim.l CaV2.1 current density in neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci 99 (20)- (2002) 13284- 13289.], EA2 m.tations usually generate a loss of channel function [Guida S, Trettel F, Pagnutti S, m.ntuano E, Tottene A, Veneziano L, et al. Com.lete loss of P/Q calcium.channel activity caused by a CACNA1A m.ssense m.tation carried by patients with episodic ataxia type 2. Am.J hum Genet 68 (3) (2001) 759- 764, WapplE, Koschak A, Poteser m. Sinnegger m., Walter D, Eberhart A, et al. Functional consequences of P/Q-type Ca2+ channel Cav2.1 m.ssense m.tations associated with episodic ataxia type 2 and progressive ataxia. J Biol Chem.277 (9) (2002) 6960- 6966.]. In the present study, we describe a child affected by perm.nent non-fluctuating lim. and trunk ataxia with a quite early age of onset. Interestingly, the size of the CACNA1A triplet repeat region in the patient is within the norm.l range while he carries a novel de novo m.ssense m.tation in this gene, p.R1664Q. Although functional data are not available, based on the literature data indicating that severe reductions in P/Q-type channel activity favour episodic and/or progressive ataxic sym.tom. [Wappl E, Koschak A, Poteser m. Sinnegger m., Walter D, Eberhart A, et al. Functional consequences of P/Q type Ca2+ channel Cav2.1

关键词：共济失调运动失调神经系统疾病脊髓小脑 CACNA1A 波动性基因

联合性抗逆转录病毒治疗可减轻HIV/AIDS晚期患者中枢神经系统感染

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 20-21页

作者： m.Arthur J.C. m.Derm.tt m.P. m.Clernon D. 王英鹏 Departm.nt of Neurology Johns Hopkins Univ. Sch. of Medici ne 600 N Wolfe St Baltimore MD 21287-7609 United States Dr.

Background: Before the introduction of com.ination antiretroviral therapy (CAR T), neurological disease correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of hum an im.unodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA. Objective: To investigate the relationships am.ng HIV RNA levels, im.une activation m.rkers, and neurological status in pat ients receiving CART. Design: m.lticenter cohort study. Setting: Academ.c neurol ogy departm.nts. Patients: A total of 371 patients unselected for neurological c om.laints and with CD4 cell counts less than 200/μL or with cognitive sym.tom. and CD4 cell counts less than 300/μL were enrolled into the Northeastern AIDS D em.ntia cohort in 1998-2002. Diagnoses of HIV associated dem.ntia (HIV D) and m.nor cognitive m.tor disorder (m.m.) were obtained with a com.uterized algori thm. Plasm. and CSF levels of HIV RNA, m.nocyte chem.tactic protein 1, m.crophag e colony stim.lat ing factor, and tum.r necrosis factor αwere quantified. Res ults: The m.an±SD age was 41.5±7.2 years, and the m.an±SD educational level w as 12.3±2.2 years. Seventy percent of the cohort was black, and 30%were wom.n. The m.an±SD CD4 cell count was 136.8±87.9/μL, and CART was used in 71%. Twe nty nine percent of the patients were unim.aired (n=106) , 36%had m.m. (n= 13 3), and 35%had HIV D (n=128). m.an log10 CSF HIV RNA copies per m.lliliter was 2.6±0.8, with no differences am.ng the neurological groups, even after adjustm.ents for baseline CD4 cell counts and antiretroviral therapy. Cerebrospinal flui d HIV RNA was undetectable in 47%of unim.aired, 46%of m.m., and 43%of HIV D patients (P=.91). Plasm. levels of m.nocyte chem.tactic protein type 1 and tum.r necrosis factor αcorrelated weakly with HIV RNA levels but did not distinguish those with neurological deficits. Conclusions: In contrast to observations in i ndividuals not treated with CART, we found no relationship between CSF m.rkers a nd neurological status in this CART using cohort with advanced HIV/AIDS. This w as not explicab

关键词： HIV/AIDS 细胞计数联合性神经病学队列研究基线水平轻度认知障碍免疫激活肿瘤坏死因子α 神经功能状态

Lentivirus介导表达多基因的人胚基因工程神经干细胞的实验研究

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中国脊柱脊髓杂志 2005年第5期15卷 288-291,i002-i003页

作者：蔡培强汤逊林月秋 OUDEGA m.BLITS B 阳运康徐林周田华成都军区昆明总医院骨科 The m.am. Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami School of Medicine MiamiFL 33101USA Graduate School for Neurosciences Am.terdam Netherlands Institute for Brain ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands 中国科学院昆明动物研究所

目的:探索以Lentivirus为载体,构建同时携带并表达多基因的基因工程人胚神经干细胞(hum an neu鄄ral stem.cell,hNSC)的可行性,为脊髓损伤治疗的研究提供材料。方法:培养和鉴定hNSC;用携带绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescence protein,GFP... 详细信息

目的:探索以Lentivirus为载体,构建同时携带并表达多基因的基因工程人胚神经干细胞(hum an neu鄄ral stem.cell,hNSC)的可行性,为脊髓损伤治疗的研究提供材料。方法:培养和鉴定hNSC;用携带绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescence protein,GFP)和神经营养因子-3(neurotrophic factor-3,NT-3)的Lentivirus转染hNSC;用荧光显微镜观察、鼠胚背根神经结培养(dorsal root ganglion,DRG)和Slot blot等方法检测基因工程hNSC的多基因表达情况。结果:培养获得了大量的hNSC;荧光显微镜观察到几乎100%的hNSC表达GFP;基因工程hNSC的培养液能促使大鼠DRG旺盛生长;Slot blot检测到基因工程hNSC能高效分泌NT-3蛋白。结论:以Lentivirus为载体能构建同时携带并稳定表达多基因的基因工程hNSC,为脊髓损伤治疗的基础研究及进一步临床应用提供了有价值的细胞资源。

关键词： Lentivirus 人胚神经干细胞基因工程神经营养因子-3 绿色荧光蛋白

Zm.STE24的纯合子和复合杂合子突变引起核纤层病变性限制性皮病

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 18-19页

作者： m.ulson C.L. Go G. Gardner J.m. J.H. m.ner 朱国兴 Renal Division Box 8126Washington University School of Medicine 660 S. Euclid Ave. St Louis MO 63110 United States Dr.

Restrictive derm.pathy (RD) is a lethal human genetic disorder characterized by very tight, thin, easily eroded skin, rocker bottom.feet, and joint contractures. This disease was recently reported to be associated with a single heterozygous m.tation in Zm.STE24 and hypothesized to be a digenic disorder (Navarro et al, Lam.n A and Zm.STE24 (FACE-1) defects cause nuclear disorganization and identify restrictive derm.pathy as a lethal neonatal lam.nopathy. hum m.l Genet 13:2493- 2503, 2004). Zm.STE24 encodes an enzym. necessary for the correct processing and m.turation of lam.n A, an interm.diate filam.nt com.onent of the nuclear envelope. Here we present four unrelated patients with hom.zygous m.tations in Zm.STE24 and a fifth patient with com.ound heterozygous m.tations in Zm.STE24. Two of the three different m.tations we found are novel, and all are single base insertions that result in m.ssenger RNA fram.shifts. As a consequence of the presum.d lack of Zm.STE24 activity, prelam.n A, the unprocessed toxic form.of lam.n A, was detected in the nuclei of both cultured cells and tissue from.RD patients, but not in control nuclei. Abnorm.lly aggregated lam.n A/C was also observed. These results indicate that RD is an autosom.l recessive lam.nopathy caused by inactivating Zm.STE24 m.tations that result in defective processing and nuclear accum.lation of prelam.n A.

关键词：复合杂合子突变位点纯合子皮病核纤层变性信使RNA 4基因特征表现