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Application of a Reliability Model Generator to a Pressure Tank System

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2013年第1期10卷 9-17页

作者： kathryn Stockwell Sarah Dunnett Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough University

A number of mathematical modelling techniques exist which are used to measure the performance of a given system, by assessing each individual component within the system. This can be used to determine the failure frequency or probability of the system. Software is available to undertake the task of analysing these mathematical models after an individual or group of individuals manually create the models. The process of generating these models is time consuming and reduces the impact of the model on the system design. One way to improve this would be to generate the model automatically. In this work, the procedure to automatically construct a model, based on Petri nets, for systems undergoing a phased-mission is applied to a pressure tank system, undertaking a four phase mission.

关键词： Model generation phased-mission simulation decision table operational mode table

Review of solvent based carbon-dioxide capture technologies

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 125-141页

作者： kathryn A. MUMFORD Yue WU kathryn H. SMITH Geoffrey W. STEVENS Peter Cook Centre for CCS Research Particulate Fluids Processing Centre Cooperative Centre for Greenhouse Gas Technologies Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Melbourne Victoria Australia

Currently, a large proportion of global fossil fuel emissions originate from large point sources such as power generation or industrial processes. This trend is expected to continue until the year 2030 and beyond. Carbon capture and storage （CCS）, a straightforward and effective carbon reduction approach, will play a significant role in reducing emissions from these sources into the future if atmospheric carbon dioxide （CO2） emissions are to be stabilized and global warming limited below a threshold of 2 ℃. This review provides an update on the status of large scale integrated CCS technologies using solvent absorption for CO2 capture and provides an insight into the development of new solvents, including advanced amine solvents, amino acid salts, carbonate systems, aqueous ammonia, immiscible liquids and ionic liquids. These proposed new solvents aim to reduce the overall cost CO2 capture by improving the CO2 absorption rate, CO2 capture capacity, thereby reducing equipment size and decreasing the energy required for solvent regeneration.

关键词： carbon dioxide carbon capture solventabsorption large scale

Assessment of portable FTIR and Raman spectroscopy for the detection of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB)in plastic explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 11-18页

作者： Jacky Cailes Robert Dunsmore kathryn L.Linge ChemCentre PO Box 1250PerthAustralia

The Marplex Convention was established to prevent the manufacture of unmarked plastic explosives and stipulates that a volatile detection agent must be added at the time of ***,to-date,laboratory testing remains the internationally accepted practice for identifying and quantifying the taggants stipulated in the *** this project,portable FTIR and Raman instruments were tested for their ability to detect 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB),the chemical marker incorporated in plastic explosives that are manufactured within *** both FTIR and Raman instruments detected solid DMDNB(98%purity),field analysis of plastic explosives at an Australian Defence establishment showed that both FTIR and Raman spectra were matched the relevant explosive(RDX or PETN),rather than the DMDNB *** all three plastic explosives tested,the concentration of DMDNB was measured by SPME-GC-MS to be between 1.8 and 2%,greater than the minimum 1%concentration stipulated by the Marplex *** testing with a plastic explosive analogue confirmed that the minor absorption peaks that would characterize low concentrations of DMDNB were masked by absorption bands from other compounds within the ***,while both FTIR and Raman spectroscopy are suitable for detection of plastic explosives,neither rely on the presence of DMDNB for *** is likely that similar results would be found for other taggants stipulated by the Marplex Convention,given they are also present in concentrations less than 1%.

关键词： Explosive ICAO taggants 2,3-Dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane(DMDNB) Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) Raman

Male sex determination： insights into molecular mechanisms

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 164-171,180页

作者： kathryn McClelland Josephine Bowles Peter Koopman Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia

Disorders of sex development often arise from anomalies in the molecular or cellular networks that guide the differentiation of the embryonic gonad into either a testis or an ovary, two functionally distinct organs. The activation of the Y-linked gene Sry （sex- determining region Y） and its downstream target Sox9 （Sry box-containing gene 9） triggers testis differentiation by stimulating the differentiation of Sertoli cells, which then direct testis morphogenesis. Once engaged, a genetic pathway promotes the testis development while actively suppressing genes involved in ovarian development. This review focuses on the events of testis determination and the struggle to maintain male fate in the face of antagonistic pressure from the underlying female programme.

关键词： gonadal knockout mice sex determination sex-determining region Y protein sex disorders sex reversal sexual development testis

Therapeutic potential of natural compounds from Chinese medicine in acute and subacute phases of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 416-424页

作者： Bei Zhang kathryn ESaatman Lei Chen College of Public Health Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of PhysiologyUniversity of KentuckyKYUSA

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in adults worldwide,resulting in huge social and financial *** from herbs,especially those used in Chinese medicine,have emerged as new pharmaceuticals for stroke *** we review the evidence from preclinical studies investigating neuroprotective properties of Chinese medicinal compounds through their application in acute and subacute phases of ischemic stroke,and highlight potential mechanisms underlying their therapeutic *** is noteworthy that many herbal compounds have been shown to target multiple mechanisms and in combinations may exert synergistic effects on signaling pathways,thereby attenuating multiple aspects of ischemic *** conclude the paper with a general discussion of the prospects for novel natural compound-based regimens against stroke.

关键词： cell death herbal compound immune response ischemic stroke therapy neuroplasticity neuroprotection oxidative damage traditional Chinese medicine

Prediction of dispersed phase holdup in pulsed disc and doughnut solvent extraction columns under different mass transfer conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第2期24卷 226-231页

作者： Yong Wang kathryn H.Smith kathryn Mumford Teobaldo F.Grabin Zheng Li Geoffrey W.Stevens Particulate Fluids Processing Centre Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

Using experimental data from a number of pulsed disc and doughnut solvent extraction columns, a unified correla- tion for the prediction of dispersed phase holdup that considers the effects of mass transfer is presented. Pulsed disc and doughnut solvent extraction columns （PDDC） have been used for a range of important applications such as ura- nium extraction and nuclear fuel recycling. Although the dispersed phase holdup in a PDDC has been presented by some researchers, there is still the need to develop a robust correlation that can predict the experimental dispersed phase holdup over a range of operating conditions including the effects of mass transfer direction. In this study, dis- persed phase holdup data from different literature sources for a PDDC were used to refit constants for the correlation presented by Kumar and Hartland lind. Eng. Chem. Res.,27 （1988）,131-138] which did not consider the effect of col- umn geometry. In order to incorporate the characteristic length of the PDDC （i.e. the plate spacing）, the unified cor- relation for holdup proposed by Kumar and Hartland based on data from eight different types of columns [Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,34 （1995） 3925-3940] was refitted to the PDDC data. New constants have been presented for each hold- up correlation for a PDDC based on regression analysis using published holdup data from PDDCs that cover a range of onerating conditions and nhwical nronerties and consider the direction of mass transfer.

关键词： Solvent extraction Liquid extraction Pulsed disc and doughnut columns Solvent extraction column design Holdup Dispersed phase holdup Hydrodynamics of extraction columns

Assessing the Carbon Impact of ICT Measures:A Case Study Investigation Using Latis^(1) Model

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International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 2015年第3期4卷 277-294页

作者： kathryn Stewart Transport Research Institute Edinburgh Napier UniversityUK

Fostering co-modality and consequently reducing carbon emissions is a leading objective of the Scottish and UK governments and the wider EU and worldwide *** achievement of such goals can be facilitated by the adoption of ICT measures within the transport *** recent years,many online and mobile applications have emerged which improve the usability and attractiveness of more sustainable transport modes(such as public transport,taxis,and cycling)and can help to utilise private cars more effectively by promoting and enabling car-sharing and *** recently completed FP7 funded EU project COMPASS has investigated the impact of a range of Information and Communication Technology(ICT)tools which have the potential to improve *** paper discusses the results of Scotland specific modelling which demonstrates and quantifies the relative carbon/congestion reductions feasible from ICT measures to improve bus journey times and ICT measures to improve *** may be seen that measures which act to decrease overall car usage have more impact on reduction of carbon emissions than measures to improve public transport travel-times.

关键词： Environment carbon reduction car-sharing ICT

Characterization of colloidal arsenic at two abandoned gold mine sites in Nova Scotia, Canada, using asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 189-196页

作者： kathryn J Tindale Pritesh J Patel Dirk Wallschlager Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program School of the Environment Department of Chemistry and Water Quality Centre Trent University Peterborough ON K9L 0G2 Canada Ore Pros Inc Beamsville ON LOR 1B2 Canada

Asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine whether colloidal arsenic（As） exists in soil pore water and soil extract samples at two arsenic-contaminated abandoned gold mines（Montague and Goldenville, Nova Scotia）. Colloidal arsenic was found in 12 out of the 80 collected samples（= 15%）, and was primarily associated with iron（Fe） in the encountered colloids. The molar Fe/As ratios indicate that the colloids in some samples appeared to be discrete iron–arsenic minerals, whereas in other samples, they were more consistent with As-rich iron（oxy）hydroxides. Up to three discrete size fractions of colloidal As were encountered in the samples, with mean colloid diameters between 6 and 14 nm. The pore water samples only contained one size fraction of As-bearing colloids（around 6 nm diameter）, while larger As-bearing colloids were only encountered in soil extracts.

关键词： Arsenic Colloids Gold mine tailings ICP-MS Nova Scotia Nanoparticles

Carbon dioxide capture by solvent absorption using amino acids: A review

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2229-2237页

作者： Guoping Hu kathryn H.Smith Yue Wu kathryn A.Mumford Sandra E.Kentish Geoffrey W.Stevens Peter Cook Centre for Carbon Capture and Storage Research (PCC) Particulate Fluids Processing Centre (PFPC)Department of Chemical EngineeringThe University of Melbourne

The emission of large amounts of carbon dioxide is of major concern with regard to increasing the risk of climate change. Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) has been proposed as an important pathway for slowing the rate of these emissions. Solvent absorption of CO_2 using amino acid solvents has drawn much attention over the last few years due to advantages including their ionic nature, low evaporation rate, low toxicity, high absorption rate and high biodegradation potential, compared to traditional amine solvents. In this review, recent progress on the absorption kinetics of amino acids is summarised, and the engineering potential of using amino acids as carbon capture solvents is discussed. The reaction orders between amino acids and carbon dioxide are typ- ically between 1 and 2. Glycine exhibits a reaction order of 1, whilst, by comparison, lysine, proline and sarcosine have the largest reaction constants with carbon dioxide which is much larger than that of the benchmark solvent monoethanolamine (MEA). Ionic strength, p H and cations such as sodium and potassium have been shown to be important factors influencing the reactivity of amino acids. Corrosivity and reactivity with impurities such as SOx and NOxare not considered to be significant problems for amino acids solvents. The precipitation of CO_2 loaded amino acid salts is thought to be a good pathway for increasing CO_2loading capacity and cutting desorption energy costs if well-controlled. It is recommended that more detailed research on amino acid degradation and overall process energy costs is conducted. Overall, amino acid solvents are recognised as promising potential solvents for car- bon dioxide capture.

关键词： Amino acids Carbon capture Absorption Solvents