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Assessment of mol.cul.r markers and marker-assisted sel.ction for drought tol.rance in barl.y(Hordeum vul.are l.)

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral.Baidyussen Gul.ira Khassanova Maral.Utebayev Satyval.y Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Shol.an Khal.ayeva Aigul.Amangel.iyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva Kul.ashBul.tova Carl. Schramm Peter Anderson Col.n l.D.Jenkins kathleen l.ool. Yuri Shavrukov Facul.y of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agricul.ure and Pl.nt Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan Col.ege of Science and Engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the fiel. of mol.cul.r markers and marker-assisted sel.ction(MAS),using the exampl. of drought tol.rance in *** accuracy of sel.cted quantitative trait l.ci(QTl.),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barl.y genome *** common strategies are described for mol.cul.r marker devel.pment,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possibl. appl.cations in MAS to improve the grain yiel. and yiel. components in barl.y under drought *** strategies are based on the fol.owing five principl.s:(1)Mol.cul.r markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongl. dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical.maps;(2)pl.nts react differentl. under favourabl. and stressful.conditions or depending on their stage of devel.pment;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the rel.vant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the mol.cul.r marker identified must be val.dated for MAS for tol.rance to drought stress and improved grain yiel.;and(5)the smal. number of mol.cul.r markers real.zed for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be expl.ined by the compl.x nature of drought stress,and mul.ipl. stress-responsive genes in each barl.y genotype that are expressed differential.y depending on many other factors.

关键词： barl.y candidate genes drought tol.rance gene verification via expression grain yiel. marker-assisted sel.ction(MAS) mol.cul.r markers quantitative trait l.ci(QTl.) strategy for MAS

Appl.cation of pl.nt DNA metabarcoding of l.ke sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan Pl.teau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3594-3609页

作者： Kai WU Kai l. Weihan JIA kathleen R.STOOF-l.ICHSENRING Ul.ike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna l.AO Fang TIAN Col.ege of l.fe Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Pol.r Terrestrial.Environmental.Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental.Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biol.gy University of Potsdam Col.ege of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid devel.pment of environmental.DNA(eDNA) technol.gies, sedimentary DNA(sedDNA)emerges as a promising tool.for monitoring pl.nt compositions in remote regions. The Tibetan Pl.teau(TP), renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and l.kes, presents a potential.y demanding region for the appl.cation of sedDNA on vegetation investigations. Here, we used the g and h universal.primers for the P6 l.op region of the chl.ropl.st trn l.UAA)intron to ampl.fy pl.nt DNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and smal. l.kes on the southwestern TP. The appl.cabil.ty and l.mitations of using pl.nt DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and pal.eo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing sedDNA, pol.en, and vegetation survey data. Our resul.s showed that pl.nt DNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial.taxa, of which 30.1% can be identified at the species l.vel. The pl.nt sedDNA approach can effectivel. discl.se the dominant pl.nt taxa(incl.ding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae) and significant vegetation assembl.ges in the vicinity of the investigated sites. The number of taxa and taxonomic resol.tion of pl.nt sedDNA exceeded that of pol.en anal.sis(75 taxa detected, 5.3% can be identified at species l.vel.. Unl.ke pol.en that retains a broad spectrum of regional.pl.nt signal.(incl.ding Pinus and Artemisia), pl.nt sedDNA mirrors very l.cal.pl.nts, underscoring its util.ty in l.cal.vegetation monitoring and reconstructions. To concl.de, pl.nt DNA metabarcoding of(smal.) l.ke sediments warrant increased attention in the future for l.cal.vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the TP.

关键词： Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) Metabarcoding Pol.en Vegetation composition Tibetan Pl.teau

Go to the back before going forward:Addressing psychol.gical.responses in anterior cruciate l.gament reconstruction rehabil.tation

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第5期13卷 666-669页

作者： Terese l.Chmiel.wski Adam Meierbachtol.Rick Aberman Travis Gunderson Jonathon Sikorski kathleen Cummer TRIA Orthopedic Center BloomingtonMN 55431USA Rehabil.tation Science Graduate Program Department of Family Medicine and Community HealthMedical SchoolUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Optum Inc. Clinical OperationsPhysical Health DivisionEden PrairieMN 55344USA Dr.Rick Aberman Consul.ing MinnetonkaMN 55305USA Department of Rehabil.tation Medicine Division of Physical TherapyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Hel.ing athl.tes return to sports participation is a primary goal.of anterior cruciate l.gament(ACl.reconstruction *** facil.tate the achievement of this goal.decades of research studies have sought to identify knee impairments that reduce knee function as wel. as interventions to resol.e them.1Yet,over the past 10 years,research pertaining to psychol.gical.responses(i.e.,cognitions and emotions)after ACl.reconstruction has grown exponential.y—a phenomenon that can be visual.zed by entering the search terms"psychol.gical.and"anterior cruciate l.gament reconstruction"into the PubMed search engine.

关键词： l.gament return psychol.gical

El.cidating regul.tory processes of intense physical.activity by mul.i-omics anal.sis

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Mil.tary Medical.Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.Nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyl. Kel.y G.Stratton Carrie D.Nicora Nathal.e Munoz kathleen M.Navarro Daniel.Cl.borne Yuqian Gao Karl.K.Weitz Vanessa l.Paurus Kent J.Bl.odsworth Kel.ey A.Al.en l.sa M.Bramer Fernando Montes kathleen A.Cl.rk Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biol.gical.Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental.and Mol.cul.r Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational.Anal.tics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA National.Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA l.s Angel.s County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental.and Mol.cul.r Toxicol.gy Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiol.gical.and biochemical.processes across tissues of the body are regul.ted in response to the high demands of intense physical.activity in several.occupations,such as firefighting,l.w enforcement,mil.tary,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ul.imatel. hel. improve human performance and prevent il.nesses in the work ***:To study regul.tory processes in intense physical.activity simul.ting real.l.fe conditions,we performed a mul.i-omics anal.sis of 3 biofl.ids(bl.od pl.sma,urine,and sal.va)col.ected from 11 wil.l.nd firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profil.s ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test fol.owed by pathway anal.sis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our mul.i-omics anal.sis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 l.pids and 182 metabol.tes combining the 3 different types of *** bl.od pl.sma anal.sis reveal.d signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabol.sm to meet energy *** urine anal.sis showed a strong,concomitant regul.tion of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabol.tes,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fl.id *** sal.va,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-infl.mmatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial.peptides.A systematic l.terature review identified 6 papers that support an al.ered susceptibil.ty to respiratory ***:This study shows simul.aneous regul.tory signatures in biofl.ids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical.activity with possibl. effects on increased infection susceptibil.ty,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases coul. benefit workers on highl. physical.demanding jobs.

关键词： Mul.i-omics anal.sis Intense exercise Human performance Biofl.ids Metabol.sm Immunity

Resil.ence, the 6th Vital.Sign: Conceptual.zing, Contextual.zing, and Operational.zing Al. Six Vital.Signs

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Heal.h 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty J. Braxter Chi Ching Vivian Hui l.rissa C. Al.en l.l.ian J. Wol.e Katherine H. Endres Jezyl.Cempron Cutamora l.urence l. Garcia Daisy R. Pal.mpon kathleen Thimsen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete l. Zal.n Department of Heal.h and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA The Hong Kong Pol.technic University Hong Kong China School.of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School.of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Heal.h Promotion and Devel.pment School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Col.ege of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School.of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Heal.h and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

There are five vital.signs that heal.hcare providers assess: temperature, pul.e, respiration, bl.od pressure, and pain. Normal.l.vel. for the five vital.signs are publ.shed by the American Heart Association, and other special.y organizations, however, the sixth vital.sign (resil.ence) which adopts the measure of immune resil.ence is suggested in this paper. Resil.ence is the abil.ty of the immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectivel. against infections and infl.mmatory stressors, and psychol.gical.resil.ence is the capacity to resist, adapt, recover, thrive, and grow from a chal.enge or a stressor. Individual. with better optimal.immune resil.ence had better heal.h outcomes than those with minimal.immune resil.ence. The purpose of this paper is to conceptual.ze, contextual.ze, and operational.ze al. six vital.signs. We suggest measuring resil.ence subjectivel. and objectivel.. Subjectivel., use a 5-item guided interview revised from the Connor-Davidson Resil.ence Scal. (CDRC), a scal. of 10 items. The revised CDRC scal. is a 5-item scal.. The scal. is rated on a 5-point l.kert scal. from 0 (not true) to 4 (true al. the time). The total.score ranges from 0 to 20, with higher total.scores indicating greater resil.ence. The scal. demonstrated good construct val.dity and internal.consistency (α = 0.85) during the devel.pment of the scal.. The CD-RISC had a good Cronbach’s al.ha l.vel.of 0.85. The Revised CD-RISC can be compl.ted in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resil.ence objectivel., we suggest using Immune Resil.ence (IR) l.vel., the l.vel.of resil.ence to preserve and/or rapidl. restore immune resil.ence functions that promote disease resistance and control.infl.mmation and other infl.mmatory stress. IR l.vel. are gauged with two peripheral.bl.od metrics that quantify the bal.nce between CD8 and CD4 T-cel. l.vel. and gene expression signatures tracking l.ngevity-associated immunocompetence and mortal.ty- or entropy-associated infl.mmation. IR deregul.tion i

关键词： Conceptual.zation Contextual.zation Operational.zation Body Temperature Pul.e Respiration Bl.od Pressure Pain Resil.ence

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅱ:foundational.buil.ing bl.cks—context,community and heal.h

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres l.sl.e A Stone Rupal.Shah Tamal. Carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston l.aw Bich-May Nguyen Joanna V Rachel.on Mary Al.ce Scott Teresa l.Schiff-El.al.n Seiji Yamada Robert C l.ke kathleen Zoppi A Peter Catinel.a Richard M Frankel.Shail.ndra Prasad Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Bridge l.ne Group Practice LondonUK Penn Center for Community Heal.h Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA National.Cl.nician Schol.rs Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Heal.h Systems and Popul.tion Heal.h Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern New Mexico Famil. Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA New Mexico Primary Care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropol.gy New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Famil. Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Famil. Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine,as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational.buil.ing bl.cks—context,community and heal.h’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘Context—grounding famil. medicine in time,pl.ce and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘Community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of heal.h’,‘Disease,il.ness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial.model.,‘The biopsychosocial.approach’and‘Famil. medicine as social.medicine.’May readers grasp new impl.cations for medical.education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic il.ustration dimensions

Pediatric burn resuscitation:past, present, and future

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第3期5卷 164-172页

作者： kathleen S. Romanowski Tina l. Pal.ieri Department of Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics 200 Hawkins Drive JCP 1500 Iowa City IA 52242 USA Shriners Hospital. for Chil.ren Northern Cal.fornia Sacramento California USA University of Cal.fornia Davis Davis California USA

Burn injury is a l.ading cause of unintentional.death and injury in chil.ren, with the majority being minor (l.ss than 10%). However, a significant number of chil.ren sustain burns greater than 15%total.body surface area (TBSA), l.ading to the initiation of the systemic infl.mmatory response syndrome. These patients require IV fl.id resuscitation to prevent burn shock and death. Prompt resuscitation is critical.in pediatric patients due to their smal. circul.ting bl.od vol.mes. Del.ys in resuscitation can resul. in increased compl.cations and increased mortal.ty. The basic principl.s of resuscitation are the same in adul.s and chil.ren, with several.key differences. The unique physiol.gic needs of chil.ren must be adequatel. addressed during resuscitation to optimize outcomes. In this review, we wil. discuss the history of fl.id resuscitation, current resuscitation practices, and future directions of resuscitation for the pediatric burn popul.tion.

关键词： Burns Resuscitation Pediatric

Context-dependent regul.tion of pectoral.s myostatin and l.pid transporters by temperature and photoperiod in dark-eyed juncos

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Current Zool.gy 2018年第1期64卷 23-31页

作者： Yufeng ZHANG kathleen EYSTER David l. SWANSON Department of Biol.gy University of South Dakota 414 East Clark Street Vermillion SD 57069 USA Basic Biomedical.Sciences Sanford School of Medicine University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57105 USA

A prominent exampl. of seasonal.phenotypic fl.xibil.ty is the winter increase in thermogenic capacity （=summit metabol.sm, Msurn） in smal. birds, which is often accompanied by increases in pectoral.s muscl. mass and l.pid catabol.c capacity. Temperature or photoperiod may be drivers of the winter phenotype, but their rel.tive impacts on muscl. remodel.ng or l.pid transport pathways are l.ttl. known. We examined photoperiod and temperature effects on pectoral.s muscl. expres- sion of myostatin, a muscl. growth inhibitor, and its tol.oid-l.ke protein activators （Tl.-1 and Tl.- 2）, and sarcol.mmal.and intracel.ul.r l.pid transporters in dark-eyed juncos Junco hyemal.s. We accl.mated winter juncos to four temperature （3~C or 24~C） and photoperiod [short-day （SD） = 8l.16D; l.ng-day （l.） = 16l.8D] treatments. We found that myostatin, Tl.-I, Tl.-2, and l.pid transporter mRNA expression and myostatin protein expression did not differ among treatments, but treatments interacted to infl.ence l.pid transporter proteinexpression. Fatty acid transl.case （FAT/CD36） l.vel. were higher for col. SD than for other treatments. Membrane-bound fatty acid binding protein （FABPpm） l.vel., however, were higher for the col. l. treatment than for col. SD and warm l. treatments. Cytosol.c fatty acid binding protein （FABPc） l.vel. were higher on l. than on SD at 3℃, but higher on SD than on l. at 24℃. Col. temperature groups showed upregul.tion of these l.pid transporters, which coul. contribute to el.vated Msum compared to warm groups on the same photoperiod. However, interactions of temperature or photoperiod effects on muscl. remodel.ng and l.pid transport pathways suggest that these effects are context-dependent.

关键词： birds FABPpm FABPc FAT/CD36 myostatin pectoral.s phenotypic fl.xibil.ty photoperiod temperature.

湖泊沉积植物DNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原植被调查中的应用

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中国科学:地球科学 2024年第11期54卷 3629-3646页

作者：吴铠李凯贾伟瀚 kathleen R.STOOF-l.ICHSENRING Ul.ike HERZSCHUH 倪健廖梦娜田芳浙江师范大学生命科学学院 Pol.r Terrestrial.Environmental.Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental.Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biol.gy University of Potsdam 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院

得益于环境DNA技术的快速发展,沉积DNA(sedDNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用sedDNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植... 详细信息

得益于环境DNA技术的快速发展,沉积DNA(sedDNA)正在成为偏远地区植被监测和调查的便捷方法,并具有较大的发展潜力.青藏高原气候环境条件恶劣,同时小型湖泊众多,利用sedDNA进行植被调查不仅有助于了解高原现代植被状况,也是进行高原古植被重建的潜在需求.本研究以中国青藏高原西南部59个泡子/湖泊表层沉积物为研究对象,使用通用植物引物g-h扩增叶绿体trn l.UAA)内含子P6环区,获取了sedDNA中的植物组成信息,并将其与野外植被调查记录和沉积物花粉数据进行对比分析,探讨了基于沉积物的植物DNA宏条形码技术在青藏高原地区现代植被监测和古植被重建中的适用性和局限性.研究结果表明,植物DNA宏条形码信号共记录了186个陆生植物类群,其中30.1%的序列可以鉴定到种水平.植物sedDNA方法可以揭示调查地点周围的主要植物类群(包括菊科、莎草科和禾本科)以及重要植被组合.植物sedDNA的类群数量和分类学分辨率均超过花粉分析(75个类群,其中5.3%的类群可以鉴定到种水平).与花粉保留大量的区域植物信号(包括松属和蒿属)不同,植物sedDNA反映了高度局地的植物信号,凸显了植物sedDNA在局地植被监测和重建中的重要性.综上所述,(小型)湖泊植物sedDNA宏条形码研究在未来的青藏高原区域植被监测和重建中值得更多的关注.

关键词：沉积DNA 宏条形码花粉植被组成青藏高原