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Resilience, th. 6th.Vital Sign: Conceptualizing, Contextualizing, and Operationalizing All Six Vital Signs

h.alth 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty J. Braxter Ch. Ch.ng Vivian h.i Larissa C. Allen Lillian J. Wolfe katherine h. endres Jezyl Cempron Cutamora Laurence L. Garcia Daisy R. Palompon Kath.een Th.msen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete L. Zalon Department of h.alth.and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Th. h.ng Kong Polytech.ic University Hong Kong China Sch.ol of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Sch.ol of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of h.alth.Promotion and Development School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA College of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines Sch.ol of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of h.alth.and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

Th.re are five vital signs th.t h.alth.are providers assess: temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. Normal levels for th. five vital signs are publish.d by th. American h.art Association, and oth.r specialty organizations, h.wever, th. sixth.vital sign (resilience) wh.ch.adopts th. measure of immune resilience is suggested in th.s paper. Resilience is th. ability of th. immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectively against infections and inflammatory stressors, and psych.logical resilience is th. capacity to resist, adapt, recover, th.ive, and grow from a ch.llenge or a stressor. Individuals with.better optimal immune resilience h.d better h.alth.outcomes th.n th.se with.minimal immune resilience. Th. purpose of th.s paper is to conceptualize, contextualize, and operationalize all six vital signs. We suggest measuring resilience subjectively and objectively. Subjectively, use a 5-item guided interview revised from th. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRC), a scale of 10 items. Th. revised CDRC scale is a 5-item scale. Th. scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not true) to 4 (true all th. time). Th. total score ranges from 0 to 20, with.h.gh.r total scores indicating greater resilience. Th. scale demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency (α = 0.85) during th. development of th. scale. Th. CD-RISC h.d a good Cronbach.s alph. level of 0.85. Th. Revised CD-RISC can be completed in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resilience objectively, we suggest using Immune Resilience (IR) levels, th. level of resilience to preserve and/or rapidly restore immune resilience functions th.t promote disease resistance and control inflammation and oth.r inflammatory stress. IR levels are gauged with.two periph.ral blood metrics th.t quantify th. balance between CD8 and CD4 T-cell levels and gene expression signatures tracking longevity-associated immunocompetence and mortality- or entropy-associated inflammation. IR deregulation i

关键词： Conceptualization Contextualization Operationalization Body Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood Pressure Pain Resilience

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Implications of de Facto Reuse on Future Regulatory Developments for Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Auth.rity in Okatie, South.Carolina, USA

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia h. Kilgore Sh.bh.sh.ni Oza Jeremy h.tfield katherine Y. Bell Department of Tech.ology and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research.and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of th. national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, th.ugh.th. extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, th. contribution of Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) effluent to waters th.t supply drinking water treatment plants h.s been documented by some communities. In th. United States (US), among th. top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream WRRF, 16% of th. influent flow to th. drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, th. full extent of de facto reuse in th. US may be much.h.gh.r because of population growth. Th. scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Auth.rity (BJWSA) in South.Carolina, US, with.contributions to th. Savannah.River originating from numerous WRRF and oth.r upstream disch.rgers. South.Carolina coastal utilities such.as BJSWA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and ch.llenges. Currently, South.Carolina does not h.ve a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions h.ve started among th. regulated community. In addition to understanding th. extent of de facto reuse, th. state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources ch.llenges. Such.guidance sh.uld address h.man h.alth.risk management and tech.ical considerations regarding treatment in addition to oth.r factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. Th.s study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJWSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah.River, and observed th.t de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow month. and is with.n th. range generally observed nationwide. Wh.n coupled with.evidence th.t planned potable reuse can improve h.man h

关键词： Water Reuse De Facto Reuse Planned Potable Reuse Water Recycling Wastewater Derived Contaminants

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Dynamic Spacer Installation of Multifunctionalities into Metal-Organic Frameworks for Spontaneous One-Step Eth.lene Purification from a Ternary C_(2)-h.drocarbons Mixture

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CCS Ch.mistry 2024年第1期6卷 241-254页

作者： Yang-Yang Xiong Ch.ng-Xia Ch.n Tony Ph.m Zh.ng-Wen Wei katherine A.Forrest Mei Pan Ch.ng-Yong Su MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synth.tic Ch.mistry Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 Department of Ch.mistry University of South FloridaTampaFlorida 33620

Simultaneous eth.ne and acetylene removal from a C_(2)-gases mixture(C_(2)h.(6),C_(2)h.(4),and C_(2)h.(2))th.ough.a one-step separation process for eth.lene purification is of great importance yet ch.llenging in petroch.mical industry,owing to th.ir similar molecule sizes and ph.sical ***,a series of multifunctionalized metal–organic frameworks(MOFs),LIFM-XYY-1∼8(LIFM stands for Leh. Institute of Functional Materials,and XYY are th. initials of th. first auth.r),are constructed via a dynamic spacer installation(DSI)approach.to optimize th. pore-nanospaces for efficient C_(2)h.(4) isolation from th. ternary C_(2)-gases *** of variable organic-spacers into th. prototypical MOFs,LIFM-28 or PCN-700,results in dramatically improved pore volume/surface area,contracted pore size,and functionalized pore surface,wh.ch.in turn bring out h.gh.C_(2)-gases uptake capacities,enh.nced C_(2)h.(6) and C_(2)h.(2) adsorption selectivities over C_(2)h.(4),and fast adsorption kinetics,providing an effective strategy to ach.eve delicate trade-off among th.se indexes for adequate separation ***,optimized LIFM-XYY-7 presents four-times C_(2)h.(6) and C_(2)h.(2) adsorption capacities th.n *** breakth.ough.experiments reveal th.t poly-grade C_(2)h.(4)(>99.9%)can be obtained from binary or ternary C_(2)-h.drocarbon mixtures th.ough.a single separation *** with.th.molecular simulations,th.s work demonstrates a promising protocol of porenanospace engineering via multi-functional optimization by th. DSI approach.to screen out MOFs for a formidable task.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks dynamic spacer installation C_(2)h.(6)/C_(2)h.(2)/C_(2)h.(4)gases separation pore nanospace engineering multi-functional optimization

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Role of mitoch.ndria, oxidative stress and th. response to antioxidants in myalgic enceph.lomyelitis/ch.onic fatigue syndrome: A possible approach.to SARS-CoV-2 ’long-h.ulers’?

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Ch.onic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2021年第1期7卷 14-26页

作者： Emily Wood katherine h.h.ll Warren Tate Department of Bioch.mistry Health Sciences DivisionUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of General Practice and Rural h.alth Otago Medical School-Dunedin CampusUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

A significant number of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic patients h.ve developed ch.onic symptoms lasting weeks or month. wh.ch.are very similar to th.se described for myalgic enceph.lomyelitis/ch.onic fatigue syndrome. Th.s study reviews th. current literature and understanding of th. role th.t mitoch.ndria, oxidative stress and antioxidants may play in th. understanding of th. path.ph.siology and treatment of ch.onic fatigue. It describes wh.t is known about th. dysfunctional path.ays wh.ch.can develop in mitoch.ndria and th.ir relationsh.p to ch.onic fatigue. It also reviews wh.t is known about oxidative stress and h.w th.s can be related to th. path.ph.siology of fatigue, as well as examining th. potential for specific th.rapy directed at mitoch.ndria for th. treatment of ch.onic fatigue in th. form of antioxidants. Th.s study identifies areas wh.ch.require urgent, furth.r research.in order to fully elucidate th. clinical and th.rapeutic potential of th.se approach.s.

关键词： Ch.onic fatigue syndrome Mitoch.ndria Oxidative stress Antioxidants SARS-CoV-2

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Axonal regeneration and sprouting as a potential th.rapeutic target for nervous system disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1901-1910页

作者： katherine L.Marsh.ll Moh.med h.Farah Department of Neurology at Joh.s h.pkins Sch.ol of Medicine BaltimoreMDUSA

Nervous system disorders are prevalent h.alth.issues th.t will only continue to increase in frequency as th. population ***-back axonopath. is a h.llmark of many neurologic diseases and leads to axonal disconnection from th.ir targets,wh.ch.in turn leads to functional *** th. course of many of neurologic diseases,axons can regenerate or sprout in an attempt to reconnect with.th. target and restore synapse *** amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis(ALS),distal motor axons retract from neuromuscular junctions early in th. disease-course before significant motor neuron *** is evidence of compensatory motor axon sprouting and reinnervation of neuromuscular junctions in ALS th.t is usually quickly overtaken by th. disease *** drugs th.t enh.nce compensatory sprouting and encourage reinnervation may slow symptom progression and retain muscle function for a longer period of time in ALS and in oth.r diseases th.t exh.bit dying-back *** remain many outstanding questions as to th. impact of distinct disease-causing mutations on axonal outgrowth.and regeneration,especially in regards to motor neurons derived from patient induced pluripotent stem *** microfluidic ch.mbers are powerful tools for studying th. distal axons of h.man induced pluripotent stem cells-derived motor neurons,and h.ve recently been used to demonstrate striking regeneration defects in h.man motor neurons h.rboring ALS disease-causing *** th. h.man neuromuscular circuit with.h.man induced pluripotent stem cells-derived motor neurons will be critical for developing drugs th.t enh.nce axonal regeneration,sprouting,and reinnervation of neuromuscular *** th.s review we will discuss compensatory axonal sprouting as a potential th.rapeutic target for ALS,and th. use of compartmentalized microfluidic devices to find drugs th.t enh.nce regeneration and axonal sprouting of motor axons.

关键词： amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis axonal regeneration dying-back axonopath. in vitro neuromuscular junction iPSC-derived motor neurons microfluidic device motor axon sprouting

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Ocular stem cells:a narrative review of current clinical trials

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International Journal of Oph.h.lmology(English.edition) 2022年第9期15卷 1529-1537页

作者： Konstadinos Sotiropulos Dimitrios Kourkoutas Diamantis Almaliotis katherine Ploumidou Vasileios Karampatakis Department of Oph.h.lmology 417 Army Shared Fund HospitalAthens 11521Greece Department of Oph.h.lmology 401 Army General Hospital of AthensAthens 11525Greece Laboratory of Experimental Oph.h.lmology School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Department of Otolaryngology Children’s Hospital“Aglaia Kyriakou”Athens 11527Greece

·Stem cells are undifferentiated cells sh.wcasing a remarkable capacity of self-replenish.ng and differentiating into mature *** ability to proliferate connotes th.t a designated stem cell source is capable of generating an unrestricted number of mature *** ever-increasing compreh.nsion of position,activity,and function of ocular stem cells h.s led to rapid progress and incessant improvement of possible procedures and th.rapies.A narrative review was conducted to summarize th. current evidence on clinical trials and respective literature,regarding current evolution in th. field of ocular regenerative *** tried to ascertain th. safety of experimental and clinical procedures,th.ir effectiveness,and th. eth.cal repercussion of th.ir use.

关键词： stem cells cell-based th.rapies limbal stem cells h.ESC-derived retinal pigment epith.lium h.man induced pluripotent stem cells olfactory mucosa mesench.mal stem cells

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Alcoh.l,inflammation,and gut-liver-brain interactions in tissue damage and disease development

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1304-1313页

作者： h.Joe Wang Samir Zakh.ri M katherine Jung Division of Metabolism and h.alth.Effects National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health

Ch.onic inflammation is often associated with.alcoh.lrelated medical conditions. Th. key inducer of such.inflammation, and also th. best understood, is gut microflora-derived lipopolysacch.ride (LPS). Alcoh.l can significantly increase th. translocation of LPS from th. gut. In h.alth. individuals, th. adverse effects of LPS are kept in ch.ck by th. actions and interactions of multiple organs. Th. liver plays a central role in detoxifying LPS and producing a balanced cytokine milieu. Th. central nervous system contributes to anti-inflammatory regulation th.ough.neuroimmunoendocrine actions. Ch.onic alcoh.l use impairs not only gut and liver functions, but also multi-organ interactions, leading to persistent systemic inflammation and ultimately, to organ damage. Th. study of th.se interactions may provide potential new targets for th.rapeutic intervention.

关键词： Ch.onic alcoh.l use Ch.onic inflammation Li- popolysacch.rides Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines Kupffer cells Monocytes Tumor necrosis factor α Interleukin-10 Neuroendocrine h.poth.lamo-pituitary-adrenal axis Glucocorticoid

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Th.rmodynamic analysis, synth.sis, ch.racterization, and evaluation of 1-eth.l-3-meth.limidazolium ch.oride: Study of its effect on pretreated rice h.sk

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中国化学工程学报:英文版 2023年第8期60卷 143-154页

作者： Eileen katherine Coronado-Aldana Cindy Lizeth.Ferreira-Salazar Nubia Yineth.Piñeros-Castro Rubén Vázquez-Medina Felipe A.Perdomo Universidad de BogotáJorge Tadeo Lozano Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IngenieríaCra.422-61CundinamarcaBogotáColombia Instituto Politecnico Nacional CICATA QueretaroCerro Blanco 141Colinas del Cimatario76090 QueretaroMexico Sch.ol of Engineering University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93FBUnited Kingdom

Th.s work is focused on th. determination of th. optimal reaction conditions to synth.size th. ionic liquid 1-eth.l-3-meth.limidazolium ch.oride([EMIM][Cl]) and assess its suitability for th. pretreatment of rice h.sk. Th. modified UNIFAC(UNIversal quasi-ch.mical Functional-group Activity Coefficients)approach.for ionic liquids is used to develop a th.rmodynamic model th.t describes th. reactive system meth.limidazole(MIM), ch.oroeth.ne(C_(2)h.(5)Cl) and [EMIM][Cl]. Th. model allows to study th. ph.se equilibria coexistence(vapor–liquid equilibria and solid–liquid equilibria) and yields th. th.oretically optimal conditions to synth.size th. ionic liquid. Th. model predictions are validated with.th. available experimental and reported data. By implementing th. developed model, a simple way to synth.size ionic liquid [EMIM][Cl] was found allowing to study its influence on th. structure and morph.logy of pretreated rice h.sk. Th. lignocellulosic materials involved in th.s study are ch.racterized by th.ir composition, enzymatic digestibility, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallinity. Compared to untreated material, [EMIM][Cl]-pretreated rice h.sk produces cellulose th.t can be efficiently enzymatic h.drolyzed with.h.gh.sugar yields. Th.s work offers a suitable meth.dology to include th. synth.sis and th.rmodynamics of th. solvent media with.n th. design of low-cost ionic liquids for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment.

关键词： Ionic liquids Fluid-ph.se equilibria Th.rmodynamics Waste treatment UNIFAC approach

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Two-dimensional d-πconjugated metal-organic framework based on h.xah.droxytrinaph.h.lene

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 369-375页

作者： Zh.ng Meng katherine A.Mirica Department of Ch.mistry Burke Laboratory41 College Streety Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH 03755USA

Th. development of new two-dimensional(2D)d-πconjugated metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)h.lds great promise for th. construction of a new generation of porous and semiconductive *** paper describes th. synth.sis,structural ch.racterization,and electronic properties of a new d-πconjugated 2D MOF based on th. use of a new ligand 2,3,8,9,14,*** reticular self-assembly of th.s largeπ-conjugated organic building block with.Cu(II)ions in a mixed solvent system of 1,3-dimeth.l-2-imidazolidinone(DMI)and h. O with.th. addition of ammonia water or eth.lenediamine leads to a h.gh.y crystalline MOF Cu3(h.TN)2,wh.ch.possesses pore aperture of 2.5 ***3(h.TN)2 MOF sh.ws moderate electrical conductivity of 9.01×10^(-8)S·cm^(-1)at 385 K and temperature-dependent band gap ranging from 0.75 to 1.65 *** ch.mical oxidation by l2,th. conductivity of Cu3(h.TN)2 can be increased by 360 *** access to h.TN based MOF adds an important member to previously reported MOF systems with.h.xagonal lattice,paving th. way towards systematic studies of structure-property relationsh.ps of semiconductive MOFs.

关键词： two-dimensional metal-organic framework(MOF) trinaph.h.lene conductive MOF

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Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第1期12卷 34-47页

作者： Simone Nfissing Sneh. Sant Marios Koutsakos Kanta Subbarao Th. h.O. Nguyen katherine Kedzierska Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville 3010 Victoria Australia World h.alth.Organisation (Wh.) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research.on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne 3000 Victoria Australia

Influenza is a major global h.alth.problem, causing infections of th. respiratory tract, often leading to acute pneumonia, life-th.eatening complications and even death.. Over th. last seven decades, vaccination strategies h.ve been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza, especially groups at h.gh.risk of severe disease. Wh.le current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses, th.y fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal, pandemic and avian viruses. Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza- specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized. During natural infection, viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses （T cells and antibody-producing B cells） ach.eve viral clearance and h.st recovery. Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with.related influenza viruses. Recent studies also sh.d ligh. on th. role of innate T- cells （MAIT cells, y~ T cells, and NKT cells） in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mech.nisms, th.s making th.m attractive targets for vaccination strategies. We summarize th. current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and γδ T cells as well as adaptive CD8＋ and CD4＋ T cells, and discuss h.w th.se responses can be h.rnessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.

关键词： influenza innate T cells CD4+ and CD8+ T cells vaccination

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