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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 455-466页

作者： William B lacy leland l Glenna Dina Biscotti Rick Welsh kate Clancy University of California State College Pennsylvania State University Syracuse University Johns Hopkins University

Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.

关键词： two cultures of science agricultural biotechnology university-industry relationships

Gastroenterology in developing countries:Issues and advances

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2839-2854页

作者： kate l Mandeville Justus Krabshuis Nimzing Gwamzhi ladep Chris JJ Mulder Eamonn MM Quigley Shahid A Khan Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences University College London Hampstead Campus Royal Free Hospital London NW3 2PF United Kingdom Highland Data Les Charleix 24390 Tourtoirac Dordogne France Department of Medicine University of Jos and Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Plateau State P.M.B. 2076 Nigeria Department of Gastroenterology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam 1081 HV Holland World Gastroenterology Organisation and Department of Medicine National University of Ireland Cork University Hospital Clinical Sciences Building Wilton Cork Ireland Department of Hepatology and Gastro-enterology Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London St Mary's Campus London W2 1NY United Kingdom

Developing countries shoulder a considerable burden of gastroenterological disease. Infectious diseases in particular cause enormous morbidity and mortality. Diseases which afflict both western and developing countries are often seen in more florid forms in poorer countries. Innovative techniques continuously improve and update gastroenterological practice. However, advances in diagnosis and treatment which are commonplace in the West, have yet to reach many developing countries. Clinical guidelines, based on these advances and collated in resource-rich environments,lose their relevance outside these settings. In this two-part review, we first highlight the global burden of gastroenterological disease in three major areas: diarrhoeal diseases, hepatitis B, and Helicobacter pylori . Recent progress in their management is explored, with consideration of future solutions. The second part of the review focuses on the delivery of clinical services in developing countries. Inadequate numbers of healthcare workers hamper efforts to combat gastroenterological disease. Reasons for this shortage are examined, along with possibilities for increased specialist training. Endoscopy services, the mainstay of gastroenterology in the West, are in their infancy in many developing countries. The challenges faced by those setting up a service are illustrated by the example of a Nigerian endoscopy unit. Finally, we highlight the limited scope of many clinical guidelines produced in western countries. Guidelines which take account of resource limitations in the form of "cascades" are advocated in order to make these guidelines truly global. Recognition of the different working conditions facing practitioners worldwide is an important step towards narrowing the gap between gastroenterology in rich and poor countries.

关键词：发展中国家胃肠病传染性疾病预防措施

Sperm retrieval success and testicular histopathology in idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第6期22卷 555-559页

作者： Arighno Das Joshua A Halpern Annie l Darves-Bornoz Mehul Patel James Wren Mary kate Keeter Robert E Brannigan Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA

Prior studies have investigated sperm retrieval rates in men with non obstructive azoospermia(NOA)secondary to specific etiologies,yet most cases of NOA are *** compared sperm retrieval rates and testicular histopathology in idiopathic NOA(iNOA)and nonidiopathic NOA(niNOA).We performed a retrospective review of men with NOA who underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction(microTESE)between 2000 and *** with no history of malignancy or cryptorchidism and negative genetic evaluation were considered *** regression determined the association between idiopathic etiology and primary outcomes of sperm retrieval and active spermatogenesis on *** 224 men,86(38.4%)were idiopathic,75(33.5%)were nonidiopathic,and 63(28.1%)did not undergo genetic *** age and serum testosterone were higher among iNOA or no testing versus *** follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)was lower among iNOA or no testing versus niNOA.A higher proportion of iNOA or no testing versus niNOA had a clinical *** retrieval rates were similar between iNOA,niNOA,and no testing(41.8%vs 48.0%vs 55.6%,respectively;P=0.255).Active spermatogenesis was seen in a higher proportion of iNOA or no testing versus niNOA(31.4%and 27.0%vs 16.0%,P=0.073).On multivariable analysis,iNOA was not associated with sperm retrieval or spermatogenesis(P=0.430 and P=0.078,respectively).Rates of sperm retrieval and spermatogenesis on testis pathology were similar in men with iNOA and *** data will be useful to clinicians in preoperative counseling for men with NOA and negative genetic evaluation.

关键词： microdissection testicular sperm extraction nonobstructive azoospermia sperm retrieval rate

Introgression of sharp eyespot resistance from Dasypyrum villosum chromosome 2Vl into bread wheat

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1512-1520页

作者： Caiyun liu Wei Guo Yang Wang Bisheng Fu Jaroslav Doležel Ying liu Wenling Zhai Mahmoud Said István Molnár kateřina Holušová Ruiqi Zhang Jizhong Wu Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology/Jiangsu Provincial Key laboratory of Agrobiology Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina College of Agronomy/JCIC-MCP/National Key lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Institute of Experimental Botany Centre of the HanáRegion for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchŠlechtitelů31CZ-783671 Olomoucthe Czech Republic Field Crops Research Institute Agricultural Research Centre9 Gamma StreetGiz112619 CairoEgypt Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvásár 2462Hungary Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Zhongshan Biological Breeding laboratory Nanjing 210014JiangsuChina

Wheat sharp eyespot, a stem disease caused by the soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven,has become a threat to wheat production worldwide. Exploiting resistance resources from wild relatives of wheat is a promising strategy for controlling this disease. In this study, a new wheat–Dasypyrum villosum T2DS·2V#4l translocation line in the background of Chinese Spring(CS) showed stable resistance to R. cerealis. Introgression of the T2DS·2V#4l chromosome into wheat cultivar Aikang 58 by backcrossing produced a marked increase in sharp eyespot resistance in NIl-T2DS·2V#4l in comparison with NIlT2DS·2Dl, and no detrimental effects of 2V#4l on agronomic traits were observed in the BC2F2, BC2F2:3,and BC2F2:4generations. Flow-sorted sequencing of 2V#4l yielded 384.3 Mb of assembled sequence, and8836 genes were predicted of which 6154 had orthologs in at least one of the 2Al, 2Bl, and 2Dl arms of CS, whereas 1549 genes were unique to 2V#4l. About 100,000 SNPs were detected in genes of 2V#4l and2Dl in 10 sequenced bread wheat cultivars. A Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase chain reaction and30 conserved ortholog sequence markers were developed to trace the 2V#4l chromatin in wheat backgrounds. T2DS·2V#4l compensating translocation lines represent novel germplasm with sharp eyespot resistance and the markers will allow rapid detection in breeding programs.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Rhizoctonia cerealis Dasypyrum villosum Flow sorting KASP

Research advances on internal processes affecting tropical cyclone intensity change from 2018–2022

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2023年第1期12卷 10-29页

作者： Xiaomin Chen Christopher M.Rozoff Robert F.Rogers Kristen l.Corbosiero Dandan Tao Jian-Feng Gu Falko Judt Eric A.Hendricks Yuqing Wang Michael M.Bell Daniel P.Stern kate D.Musgrave John A.Knaff John Kaplan NOAA/OAR/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological laboratory MiamiUSA University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleUSA National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderUSA University at Albany/State University of New York AlbanyUSA University of Bergen BergenNorway Nanjing University NanjingChina University of Reading ReadingUK University of Hawaii at Manoa HonoluluUSA Colorado State University Fort CollinsUSA University Corporation for Atmospheric Research MontereyUSA NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research Fort CollinsUSA Department of Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Alabama in HuntsvilleHuntsvilleUSA

This contribution summarizes the significant progress in a variety of topic areas related to internal tropical cyclone(TC)intensity change processes over 2018–2022 from the WMO Tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10).These topic areas include surface and boundary layer processes;TC internal structure and microphysical processes;and,radiation interactions with *** studies better frame the uncertainty in the surface drag and enthalpy coefficients at high wind *** parameters greatly impact TC intensity and it is therefore important that more direct measurements of these boundary layer parameters are *** significant scientific strides have been made in TC boundary *** advancements have been achieved through improved coupled models,large-eddy simulations,theoretical advance-ments,and detailed *** is now clear that the research field needs to better represent the eddy viscosity throughout the depth of the boundary ***,detailed study of coherent structures in TC boundary layers will likely be a propitious direction for the research ***,in-depth observational field campaigns and assiduous data analysis have made significant headway into verifying theory and modeling studies of intensification processes related to TC vortex alignment,efficient latent heating distributions,and overall 3D *** efforts have also been made to better understand the intricate roles radiative processes play in TC evolution and intensity ***,some promising progress has been made in the development of time-dependent theories of TC intensification and the predictability of internal TC intensity ***,there have been well-earned gains in the understanding of intensity change processes intrinsic to the TC system,but the journey is not *** paper highlights some of the most relevant and important research areas that are still shedding new light into internal fa

关键词： Tropical cyclone Intensity Internal dynamics Boundary-layer processes Observations Predictability

3D assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration in zebrafish identifies changes in bone density that prime disc disease

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Bone Research 2021年第4期9卷 521-536页

作者： Erika Kague Francesco Turci Elis Newman Yushi Yang kate Robson Brown Mona S.Aglan Ghada A.Otaify Sarnia A.Temtamy Victor l.Ruiz-Perez Stephen Cross C.Patrick Royall P.Eckhard Witten Chrissy l.Hammond School of Physiology Pharmacology and NeuroscienceBiomedical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK School of Physics HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information University of BristolBristolUK Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials University of BristolBristolUK Department of Anthropology and Archaeology University of BristolBristolUK Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BristolBristolUK Clinical Genetics Department Human Genetics and Genome Research DivisionCenter of Excellence for Human GeneticsNational Research CentreCairoEgypt lnstituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas de Madridand Ciber de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER)MadridSpain Wolfson Bioimaging Facility Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK School of Chemistry University of BristolBristolUK Evolutionary Developmental Biology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Back pain is a common condition with a high social impact and represents a global health *** disc disease(IVDD)is one of the major causes of back pain;no therapeutics are currently available to reverse this *** impact of bone mineral density(BMD)on IVDD has been controversial,with some studies suggesting osteoporosis as causative for IVDD and others suggesting it as protective for *** studies to evaluate the influence of genetic components of BMD in IVDD could highlight opportunities for drug development and *** taking a holistic 3D approach,we established an aging zebrafish model for spontaneous *** BMD in aging,detected by automated computational analysis,is caused by bone deformities at the ***,aged zebrafish spines showed changes in bone morphology,microstructure,mineral heterogeneity,and increased fragility that resembled *** of the discs recapitulated IVDD symptoms found in humans:the intervertebral ligament(equivalent to the annulus fibrosus)showed disorganized collagen fibers and herniation,while the disc center(nucleus pulposus equivalent)showed dehydration and cellular *** manipulated BMD in young zebrafish by mutating sp7 and cathepsin K,leading to low and high BMD,***,we detected IVDD in both groups,demonstrating that low BMD does not protect against IVDD,and we found a strong correlation between high BMD and *** learning was applied to high-resolution synchrotron\iCJ image data to analyze osteocyte 3D lacunar distribution and morphology,revealing a role of sp7 in controlling the osteocyte lacunar 3D *** findings suggest potential avenues through which bone quality can be targeted to identify beneficial therapeutics for IVDD.

关键词： intervertebral degeneration protective

基于纤毛鹅观草特异的卫星重复序列开发寡核苷酸探针

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南京农业大学学报 2022年第3期45卷 442-452页

作者：程梦豪 Miroslava Karafiatova 孙昊杰 kate Arina Holušva Jaroslav Dolezel 宋新颖王海燕王秀娥南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室/细胞遗传研究所/现代作物生产省部共建协同创新中心江苏南京210095 捷克科学院实验植物学研究所/哈纳地区生物技术和农业研究中心捷克共和国奥洛穆茨77900

[目的]本文旨在开发纤毛鹅观草特异的寡核苷酸(oligonucleotide,oligo)探针,进一步完善纤毛鹅观草染色体鉴定技术。[方法]利用前期选育的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系DA2S^(c)l和DA6S^(c),通过流式分拣和基因组二代测序获得纤毛鹅观草... 详细信息

[目的]本文旨在开发纤毛鹅观草特异的寡核苷酸(oligonucleotide,oligo)探针,进一步完善纤毛鹅观草染色体鉴定技术。[方法]利用前期选育的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系DA2S^(c)l和DA6S^(c),通过流式分拣和基因组二代测序获得纤毛鹅观草染色体6S^(c)和染色体臂2S^(c)长臂的基因组序列,利用Repeatexplorer2/TAREAN软件从中鉴定出卫星重复序列并设计成oligo探针,通过荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)分析所开发oligo探针的应用价值。[结果]从6S^(c)和2S^(c)l基因组序列中共鉴定出11个卫星重复序列并开发成11个oligo探针,oligo-FISH结果表明,其中6个探针可以在纤毛鹅观草染色体上产生明显杂交信号,而在小麦染色体上未产生明显杂交信号,可用于特异鉴定小麦背景中的纤毛鹅观草染色体或片段。对1套普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系oligo-FISH分析发现,oligo-2S^(c)l^(-1)63和oligo-6S^(c)-111仅在S^(c)基因组染色体上产生明显信号,可作为纤毛鹅观草S^(c)组特异探针;将oligo-2S^(c)l-161和oligo-2S^(c)l-163组合,对1整套二体异附加系进行双色oligo-FISH,构建了纤毛鹅观草染色体的oligo-FISH核型。[结论]本研究提供了纤毛鹅观草重复序列组成的初步信息,开发的探针能特异鉴定纤毛鹅观草染色体,阐明纤毛鹅观草2个基因组的来源和分化,对推动纤毛鹅观草优异基因的转移和利用有重要意义。

关键词：纤毛鹅观草普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系染色体分拣卫星重复序列寡聚核苷酸探针荧光原位杂交

10-Minute Consultation The Watery Eye

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英国医学杂志中文版 2012年第4期15卷 253-254页

作者： Esmaeil M Arbabi Faisal A Arshad kate Holden Zia l Carrim

A 58 year old woman complains tu her general practitioner of watery eyes of several months' *** finds the problem embarrassing,and symptoms are particularly bad on cold windy days.A 58 year old woman complains to her ... 详细信息

关键词：眼科疾病治疗方法临床分析

Effects of moisture content and feed rate on milling characteristics of wild apricot pits (Prunus armeniaca l.)

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第1期7卷 103-110页

作者： A.E.kate U.C.lohani N.C.Shahi J.P.Pandey A.Sarkar Khan Chand Department of Post Harvest Process&Food Engineering College of TechnologyG.B.Pant University of Agriculture and TechnologyPantnagarU.S.Nagar(Uttarakhand)-263145India Department of agricultural and Biological Engineering South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57006USA

Milling with decortication of wild apricot pits was done in wild apricot pit decorticator working on the principle of“impact and compression”.The milling characteristics includes decortication efficiency,percentage of husk,percentage of broken kernels and output capacity was evaluated at the different levels of moisture content,i.e.,8%,10%,12%,14%and 16%(w.b.)and feed rates,i.e.,12 g/stroke,14 g/stroke,16 g/stroke,18 g/stroke and 20 g/*** moisture content as well as feed rate significantly(Pll as brokens and output *** efficiency was initially increased and then decreased and opposite nature was found for the percentage of *** percentage of broken kernels and output capacity decreases with the increase in moisture content,while output capacity increases with the increase in feed rate and brokens decreases with the increase in feed rate of wild apricot pits.

关键词： wild apricot pit milling characteristics decortication efficiency moisture content husk percentage broken percentage output capacity

The performance of nitrate-reducing Fe(Ⅱ)oxidation processes under variable initial Fe/N ratios:The fate of nitrogen and iron species

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 287-298页

作者： Boyi Cheng Yi Wang Yumei Hua kate V.Heal College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China School of GeoSciences University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FFUK

The Fe/N ratio is an important control on nitrate-reducing Fe(Ⅱ)oxidation processes that occur both in the aquatic environment and in wastewater treatment *** response of nitrate reduction,Fe oxidation,and mineral production to different initial Fe/N molar ratios in the presence of Paracoccus denitrificans was investigated in 132 h incubation experiments.A decrease in the nitrate reduction rate at 12 h occurred as the Fe/N ratio *** nitrite concentration at Fe/N ratios of 2–10 peaked at 12–84 h,and then decreased continuously to less than 0.1 mmol/l at the end of incubation.N_(2)O emission was promoted by high Fe/N *** production of N_(2) occurred at a Fe/N ratio of 6,in parallel with the highest mole proportion of N_(2) resulting from the reduction of nitrate(81.2%).XRD analysis and sequential extraction demonstrated that the main Fe minerals obtained from Fe(Ⅱ)oxidation were easily reducible oxides such as ferrihydrite(at Fe/N ratios of 1–2),and easily reducible oxides and reducible oxides(at Fe/N ratios of 3–10).The results suggest that Fe/N ratio potentially plays a critical role in regulating N_(2),N_(2)O emissions and Fe mineral formation in nitrate-reducing Fe(II)oxidation processes.

关键词： Denitrification N_(2)O emission Fe(Ⅱ)oxidation Fe/N ratio Fe minerals