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Transcript Profiles of Auxin Efflux Carrier and IAA-Amido Synthetase Genes Suggest the Role of Auxin on Apple (<i>Malus</i>×<i>domestica</i>) Fruit Maturation Patterns

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 620-632页

作者： Sungbong Shin Jinwook Lee Dave Rudell kate evans Yanmin Zhu Tree Fruit Research Laboratory United States Department of Agriculture Wenatchee WA USA Department of Horticulture Science Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center Washington State University Wenatchee WA USA

Auxin has been suggested to play an essential role in regulating apple fruit maturation and ripening, though the molecular function of auxin and its interaction with ethylene during apple fruit development are largely unknown. To understand the function of auxin during apple fruit maturation and ripening, auxin efflux carrier and IAA-amido synthetase encoding genes were identified from the apple genome based on the results of previous microarray analysis. The expression patterns of these genes were analyzed using qRT-PCR during 10 - 12 weeks of fruit maturation for two apple cultivars: “Golden Delicious” (GD) and “Cripps Pink” (CP), which have the distinct patterns of maturation progression. Our results showed that the expressions of auxin efflux carrier and IAA-amido synthetase genes have a correlation with the timing of ethylene biosynthesis pathway activation in both cultivars. The earlier and stronger expression of MdGH3.102 and MdAECFP1 in the fruit of GD, a mid-season cultivar, correlates with the earlier activation of a pre-climacteric ethylene biosynthesis gene of MdACS3, compared with that in CP, a late-ripening apple cultivar. Results of exogenous IAA treatment indicated that the expression patterns of the genes were regulated in a fruit maturity dependent manner. Our results suggested that the dynamics of the auxin level in apple fruit cortex could be one of the key factors influencing the timing of ethylene biosynthesis pathway activation and consequently contributed to the control of the apple maturation progression.

关键词： Auxin Transport Auxin-Amino Acid Conjugation Ethylene Biosynthesis Fruit Maturation Quantitative Gene Expression

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Cost and accuracy of advanced breeding trial designs in apple

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 267-276页

作者： Julia M Harshman kate M evans Craig M Hardner Department of Horticulture Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension CenterWenatchee98801WAUSA Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072QueenslandAustralia

Trialing advanced candidates in tree fruit crops is expensive due to the long-term nature of the planting and labor-intensive evaluations required to make selection *** closely the trait evaluations approximate the true trait value needs balancing with the cost of the *** of field trials of advanced apple candidates in which reduced number of locations,the number of years and the number of harvests per year were modeled to investigate the effect on the cost and accuracy in an operational breeding *** aim was to find designs that would allow evaluation of the most additional candidates while sacrificing the least *** percentage difference,response to selection,and correlated response were used to examine changes in accuracy of trait *** the quality traits evaluated,accuracy and response to selection were not substantially reduced for most trial *** management influences the decision to change trial design,and some designs had greater risk associated with *** cost and accuracy with risk yields valuable insight into advanced breeding trial *** methods outlined in this analysis would be well suited to other horticultural crop breeding programs.

关键词： breeding crops planting

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Modeling of genetic gain for single traits from marker-assisted seedling selection in clonally propagated crops

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 257-266页

作者： Sushan Ru Craig Hardner Patrick A Carter kate evans Dorrie Main Cameron Peace Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPO Box 646414Pullman99164-6414WAUSA Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072BrisbaneAustralia School of Biological Sciences Washington State UniversityPullman99164-4236WAUSA Department of Horticulture Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension CenterWenatchee98801WAUSA

Seedling selection identifies superior seedlings as candidate cultivars based on predicted genetic potential for traits of ***,genetic potential is determined by phenotypic *** the availability of DNA tests for some agronomically important traits,breeders have the opportunity to include DNA information in their seedling selection operations—known as marker-assisted seedling selection.A major challenge in deploying marker-assisted seedling selection in clonally propagated crops is a lack of knowledge in genetic gain achievable from alternative *** models based on additive effects considering seed-propagated crops are not directly relevant for seedling selection of clonally propagated crops,as clonal propagation captures all genetic effects,not just *** study modeled genetic gain from traditional and various marker-based seedling selection strategies on a single trait basis through analytical derivation and stochastic simulation,based on a generalized seedling selection scheme of clonally propagated *** trait-test scenarios with a range of broad-sense heritability and proportion of genotypic variance explained by DNA markers were simulated for two populations with different segregation *** derived and simulated results indicated that marker-based strategies tended to achieve higher genetic gain than phenotypic seedling selection for a trait where the proportion of genotypic variance explained by marker information was greater than the broad-sense *** from this study provides guidance in optimizing genetic gain from seedling selection for single traits where DNA tests providing marker information are available.

关键词： seedling crops cultivar

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Fire blight QTL analysis in a multi-family apple population identifies a reduced-susceptibility allele in ‘Honeycrisp’

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 355-367页

作者： Sarah A.Kostick Soon Li Teh John L.Norelli Stijn Vanderzande Cameron Peace kate M.evans Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center Department of HorticultureWashington State UniversityWenatcheeWA 98801USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceAppalachian Fruit Research LaboratoryKearneysvilleWV 25430USA Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Breeding apple cultivars with resistance offers a potential solution to fire blight,a damaging bacterial disease caused by Erwinia *** resistance alleles at quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were previously characterized in diverse Malus germplasm with poor fruit quality,which reduces breeding *** study utilized a pedigree-based QTL analysis approach to elucidate the genetic basis of resistance/susceptibility to fire blight from multiple genetic sources in germplasm relevant to *** breeding ***-seven important breeding parents(IBPs)were represented by 314 offspring from 32 full-sib families,with‘Honeycrisp’being the most highly represented *** resistance/susceptibility data from a two-year replicated field inoculation study and previously curated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data,QTLs were consistently mapped on chromosomes(Chrs.)6,7,and *** QTLs together explained~28% of phenotypic *** Chr.6 and Chr.15 QTLs colocalized with previously reported QTLs,while the Chr.7 QTL is possibly novel.‘Honeycrisp’inherited a rare reduced-susceptibility allele at the Chr.6 QTL from its grandparent‘Frostbite’.The highly resistant IBP‘Enterprise’had at least one putative reduced-susceptibility allele at all three *** general,lower susceptibility was observed for individuals with higher numbers of reduced-susceptibility alleles across *** study highlighted QTL mapping and allele characterization of resistance/susceptibility to fire blight in complex pedigree-connected apple breeding *** gained will enable more informed parental selection and development of trait-predictive DNA tests for pyramiding favorable alleles and selection of superior apple cultivars with resistance to fire blight.

关键词： blight breeding cultivar

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生态学微生物群拯救鹦鹉?

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环球科学 2023年第1期 14-16页

作者：凯特·埃文斯贺旅妮(翻译) 不详

新西兰有着世界上最重的鹦鹉一一鸮鹦鹉。据报道,这种鹦鹉寿命长达90年,极度濒危,不会飞,在夜间活动,长有带香甜气味的苔绿色羽毛,还有一张奇怪又毛茸茸的脸。不过,鹦鹉还有一个鲜为人知的奇特之处:其肠道微生物群几乎完全由大肠杆菌组... 详细信息

新西兰有着世界上最重的鹦鹉一一鸮鹦鹉。据报道,这种鹦鹉寿命长达90年,极度濒危,不会飞,在夜间活动,长有带香甜气味的苔绿色羽毛,还有一张奇怪又毛茸茸的脸。不过,鹦鹉还有一个鲜为人知的奇特之处:其肠道微生物群几乎完全由大肠杆菌组成。与人类一样,动物的消化道、皮肤和其他部位携带着数以万亿计的细菌、病毒、古菌和真菌。这些微生物在体内构成了一个生态系统,帮助宿主吸收食物中的营养物质、对抗病原体和增强免疫力。现在,随着基因测序技术的进步和成本降低,科学家正在研究濒危动物独特的微生物群,寻找可能有助于避免这些物种灭绝的方案。

关键词：物种灭绝微生物群夜间活动濒危动物生态系统生态学增强免疫力营养物质

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From the Poles to the Tropics:Novel chemistry in the atmosphere probed using field measurements of OH and HO2 radicals

From the Poles to the Tropics:Novel chemistry in the atmosph...

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中国化学会第27届学术年会

作者： Dwayne Heard Roisin Commane Peter Edwards Mathew evans kate Furneaux Andrew Goddard Trevor Ingham Daniel Stone Stewart Vaughan Lisa Whalley School of Chemistry University of Leeds

＜正＞Atmospheric oxidation processes are largely controlled by the OH radical. Field measurements of OH, and the closely related radical HO2, are essential to understanding the rapid photochemical processes involved

关键词： Hydroxyl radical field measurements atmospheric chemistry

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A database of experimentally measured lithium solid electrolyte conductivities evaluated with machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2265-2278页

作者： Cameron J.Hargreaves Michael W.Gaultois Luke M.Daniels Emma J.Watts Vitaliy A.Kurlin Michael Moran Yun Dang Rhun Morris Alexandra Morscher kate Thompson Matthew A.Wright Beluvalli-Eshwarappa Prasad Frédéric Blanc Chris M.Collins Catriona A.Crawford Benjamin B.Duff Jae evans Jacinthe Gamon Guopeng Han Bernhard T.Leube Hongjun Niu Arnaud J.Perez Aris Robinson Oliver Rogan Paul M.Sharp Elvis Shoko Manel Sonni William J.Thomas Andrij Vasylenko Lu Wang Matthew J.Rosseinsky Matthew S.Dyer Department of Chemistry University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZDUK Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NYUK Department of Computer Science University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUK Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZFUK

The application of machine learning models to predict material properties is determined by the availability of high-quality *** present an expert-curated dataset of lithium ion conductors and associated lithium ion conductivities measured by *** *** dataset has 820 entries collected from 214 sources;entries contain a chemical composition,an expert-assigned structural label,and ionic conductivity at a specific temperature(from 5 to 873°C).There are 403 unique chemical compositions with an associated ionic conductivity near room temperature(15–35°C).The materials contained in this dataset are placed in the context of compounds reported in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database with unsupervised machine learning and the Element Movers *** dataset is used to train a CrabNet-based classifier to estimate whether a chemical composition has high or low ionic *** classifier is a practical tool to aid experimentalists in prioritizing candidates for further investigation as lithium ion conductors.

关键词： spectroscopy lithium classifier

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