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Making the case for the evolving role of social media in health professions education and a literature review on the application of some in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye science 2024年第2期9卷 1-11页

作者： Helena Prior Filipe Mila Kostic Mildred Lopez karl Golnik West Lisbon Hospitals Center Hospital Egas MonizLisbonPortugal Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research LisbonPortugal Continuing Education and Development in Health Professions RichboroPAUSA Coordinación de Educación en salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social(IMSS)Mexico CityMexico Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Background and Objective:social media(soMe)has emerged as a tool in health professions education(HPE),particularly amidst the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the academia’s initial skepticism soMe has been gaining traction in supporting learning communities,and offering opportunities for innovation in *** study aims to explore the integration of soMe in *** key components were outlined as necessary for a successful integration,and include designing learning experiences,defining educator roles,selecting appropriate platforms,and establishing educational ***:This article stemmed from the online Teaching skills series module on soMe in education from the Ophthalmology Foundation,and drew upon evidence supporting learning theories relevant to soMe integration and models of ***,we conducted a literature review considering Englishlanguage articles on the application of soMe in ophthalmology from PubMed over the past *** Content and Findings:Early adopters of soMe platforms in HPE have leveraged these tools to enhance learning experiences through interaction,dialogue,content sharing,and active learning *** integrating soMe into educational programs,both online and in-person,educators can overcome time and geographical constraints,fostering more diverse and inclusive learning *** consideration is,however,necessary to address potential limitations within ***:This article lays groundwork for expanding soMe integration in HPE design,emphasizing the supportive scaffold of various learning theories,and the need of furthering robust research on examining its advantages over traditional educational *** literature review underscores an ongoing multifaceted,random application of soMe platforms in ophthalmology *** advocate for an effective incorporation of soMe in HPE education,with the need to comply with good educational practice.

关键词： social media(soMe) health professions education(HPE) active learning social learning technology enhanced learning

Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser-solid interactions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 40-53页

作者： Long Yang Martin Rehwald Thomas Kluge Alejandro LasoGarcia Toma Toncian karl Zeil Ulrich schramm Thomas E.Cowan Lingen Huang Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser *** particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10^(17) A/m^(2) and lifetime of 100 *** results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β,i.e.,the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic *** targets with small radius and low atomic number Z,the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression *** to a scaling law,as the target radius and Z increase,the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent ***,an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion *** results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar(100 TPa)to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses,offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.

关键词： shock convergent return

Ultra-high spatio-temporal resolution imaging with parallel acquisition-readout structured illumination microscopy(PAR-sIM)

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1140-1158页

作者： Xinzhu Xu Wenyi Wang Liang Qiao Yunzhe Fu Xichuan Ge Kun Zhao karl Zhanghao Meiling Guan Xin Chen Meiqi Li Dayong Jin Peng Xi Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Wallace H.Coulter Dept.of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlanta30332GAUSA National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055GuangdongChina Airy Technologies Co. Ltd.Beijing100086China Eastern Institute for Advanced study Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingboZhejiang315200China school of Life science Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices(IBMD) Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia

structured illumination microscopy(sIM)has emerged as a promising super-resolution fluorescence imaging technique,offering diverse configurations and computational strategies to mitigate phototoxicity during real-time imaging of biological *** efforts to enhance system frame rates have concentrated on processing algorithms,like rolling reconstruction or reduced frame reconstruction,or on investments in costly sCMOs cameras with accelerated row readout *** this article,we introduce an approach to elevate sIM frame rates and region of interest(ROI)coverage at the hardware level,without necessitating an upsurge in camera expenses or intricate ***,parallel acquisition-readout sIM(PAR-sIM)achieves the highest imaging speed for fluorescence imaging at currently available detector *** using the full frame-width of the detector through synchronizing the pattern generation and image exposure-readout process,we have achieved a fundamentally stupendous information spatial-temporal flux of 132.9 MPixels·s^(−1),9.6-fold that of the latest techniques,with the lowest sNR of−2.11 dB and 100 nm ***-sIM demonstrates its proficiency in successfully reconstructing diverse cellular organelles in dual excitations,even under conditions of low signal due to ultra-short exposure ***,mitochondrial dynamic tubulation and ongoing membrane fusion processes have been captured in live COs-7 cell,recorded with PAR-sIM at an impressive 408 *** posit that this novel parallel exposure-readout mode not only augments sIM pattern modulation for superior frame rates but also holds the potential to benefit other complex imaging systems with a strategic controlling approach.

关键词： hardware illumination resolution

Why Don’t We Adequately Identify and Manage Adverse Drug Reactions despite Having the Needed Information?

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 148-159页

作者： Mark J. Kupersmith karl Kieburtz Department of Neurology Ophthalmology and Neurosurgery Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA safeTherapeutics LLC New York NY USA Clintrex Research Corporation Sarasota FL USA

Importance/Objective: Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are unavoidable, but recognizing and addressing ADRs early can improve wellness and prevent permanent injury. We suggest that available medical information and digital/electronic methods could be used to manage this major healthcare problem for individual patients in real time. Methods: We searched the available digital applications and three literature databases using the medical subject heading terms, adverse drug reaction reporting systems or management, filtered by clinical trial or systemic reviews, to detect publications with data about ADR identification and management approaches. We reviewed the reports that had abstract or summary data or proposed or implemented methods or systems with potential to identify or manage ADRs in clinical settings. Results: The vast majority of the 481 reports used retrospectively collected data for groups of patients or were limited to surveying one population group or class of medication. The reports showed potential and definite associations of ADRs for specific drugs and problems, mostly, but not exclusively, for patients in hospitals and nursing homes. No reports described complete methods to collect comprehensive data on ADRs for individual patients in a healthcare system. The digital applications have ADR information, but all are too cumbersome or incomplete for use in active clinical settings. several studies suggested that providing information about potential ADRs to clinicians can reduce these problems. Conclusion and Relevance: Although investigators and government agencies agree with the need, there is no comprehensive ADR management program in current use. Informing the patient’s healthcare practitioners of potential ADRs at the point of service has the potential for reduction of these complications, which should improve healthcare and reduce unneeded costs.

关键词： Adverse Drug Reaction Medication side Effect Identification Medication Complication Medication safety

Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： shakeel Ahmed Faizah Altaf safyan Akram Khan sumaira Manzoor Aziz Ahmad Muhammad Mansha shahid Ali Ata-ur-Rehman karl Jacob school of Material science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia school of Materials science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(sGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 s/cm to 0.060 s/*** induction of the optimum level of sGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance

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库夫施泰因在童话世界和无垠山野共振

环球人文地理 2024年第11期 144-152页

作者：十一 ARochau Erika karl Allen Lugmayer Nikolai sorokin Olivier pictureserver Roman Babakin stephan sühling Thomas Gross 摄图网

欧洲最适合隐居的地方在哪里？近日Lonely Planet公布的名单中，阿尔卑斯山脚下的库夫施泰因榜上有名。古典音乐环绕小镇，而走进大自然的方式有无数种：夏季徒步，冬季滑雪……库夫施泰因，奥地利西部的一个美丽小镇。得益于德、奥边...

欧洲最适合隐居的地方在哪里？近日Lonely Planet公布的名单中，阿尔卑斯山脚下的库夫施泰因榜上有名。古典音乐环绕小镇，而走进大自然的方式有无数种：夏季徒步，冬季滑雪……库夫施泰因，奥地利西部的一个美丽小镇。得益于德、奥边界的地理之势，无论从慕尼黑还是萨尔茨堡出发，都只需乘车约1小时就能到达。小镇夹在阿尔卑斯山的一个河谷，碧绿草坪、原始森林和清澈湖水环绕四周，八个村庄点缀其间，从高空俯瞰，犹如散落的珍珠。

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superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime s.Rosa Duque samuel M.s.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen Daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu Yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang Yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang sara Chaothai Tsz Chun Kwan John K.C.Li karl C.K.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing Yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.Y.Lam sau Man Chan Wilfred H.s.Wong Issan Y.s.Tam Masashi Mori sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu Yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina school of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HKU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(sARs-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** spike protein(s)immunoglobulin G(IgG),s-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,s IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,sNM[sum of individual(s),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),sNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),s-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,s-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,s IgG avidity,s IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated sARsCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

Monogenic deficiency in murine intestinal Cdc42 leads to mucosal inflammation that induces crypt dysplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 413-429页

作者： Dongsheng Zhang Wenjuan Tang Haitao Niu William Tse Hai-Bin Ruan Helmut Dolznig Thomas Knosel Friedrich karl-Heinz Madeleine Themanns Jiang Wang Mingquan song Lee Denson Lukas Kenner Richard Moriggl Yi Zheng Xiaonan Han Division of Hematology and Oncology Division of Cancer BiologyDepartment of MedicineMetroHealth Medical Center(MHMC)Case Western Reserve University(CWRU)School of MedicineClevelandOH 44109USA Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics Program Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterCase Western Reserve University(CWRU)ClevelandOH 44106USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center(CCHMC)CincinnatiOH 45229USA Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai 201102China school of Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Laboratory Animal science(ILAs) Chinese Academy of Medical Science(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)Beijing 100006China Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMI 55455USA Institute of Medical Genetics Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria Institute of Pathology Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80539Germany Institute of Biochemistry II University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Laboratory Animal Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria Department of Pathology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221USA Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266005China Department of Pathology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research Vienna 1090Austria Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1040Austria Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria Division of Experimental Hematology CCHMCCincinnatiOH 45229USA

CDC42 controls intestinal epithelial(IEC)stem cell(IEsC)*** aberrant CDC42 initiates intestinal inflammation or neoplasia is *** utilized models of inflam-matory bowel diseases(IBD),colorectal cancer,aging,and IEsC injury to determine the loss of intestinal Cdc42 upon inflammation and *** specimens were collected to determine the levels of CDC42 in IBD or colorectal ***42 floxed mice were crossed with Villin-Cre,Villin-CreERT2 and/or Lgr5-eGFP-IREs-CreERT2,or Bmi1-CreERT2 mice to generate Cdc42 deficient ***,colitis,aging,and intestinal organoid were used to evaluate CDC42 upon mucosal inflammation,IEsC/progenitor regenerative capacity,and IEC *** studies revealed that increased CDC42 in colorectal cancer correlated with lower survival;in contrast,lower levels of CDC42 were found in the inflamed IBD *** Cdc42 depletion significantly reduced Lgr5+IEsCs,increased progenitors'hyperplasia,and induced mucosal inflammation,which led to crypt *** Cdc42 depletion markedly enhanced irra-diation-or chemical-induced *** or inhibition of Cdc42 reduced colonic Lgr5+IEsC *** conclusion,depletion of Cdc42 reduces the IEsC regeneration and IEC repair,leading to prolonged mucosal *** monogenic loss of Cdc42 in-duces mucosal inflammation,which could result in intestinal neoplasia in the context of aging.

关键词： Cell divisioncycle 42(CDC42) Colitis Colorectal cancer(CRC) Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) Intestinal epithelial cell(IEC) Intestinal epithelial stem cell(IEsC) Irradiation

Improving the training abilities of ophthalmic educators: the Ophthalmology Foundation’s initiatives

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Annals of Eye science 2024年第1期9卷 1-3页

作者： karl Golnik Yip Chee Chew Gabriela Palis Meenakshi swaminathan Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOHUSA. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual sciences Khoo Teck Puat HospitalSingaporeSingapore Ophthalmology Department Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Capstone Clinic ChennaiIndia sri Ramachandra Medical College ChennaiIndia

Our goal as medical educators is for our students to learn what they need to know and competently perform ophthalmic *** addition,the students need to have good communication skills and behave professionally and ethically(1,2).Most medical educators are not taught how to teach but rather learn by role-modeling their *** can be good or bad depending on the mentor!In addition,the amount of knowledge and numbers of surgical procedures is ever increasing and yet,in most countries,the amount of time to train and become competent is not ***,our goal of creating competent ophthalmologists is ever more challenging.

关键词： Ophthalmology Foundation teaching skills feedback