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Energy and spectral analysis of confined solar flares from radio and X-ray observations

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第11期21卷 35-46页

作者： Cheng-Ming Tan karl ludwig klein Yi-Hua Yan Satoshi Masuda Bao-Lin Tan Jing Huang Guo-Wu Yuan CAS Key Laboratory of Solar Activity National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Observatoire de Paris LESIA&Station de radioastronomie de Nanc¸ayUniv.PSLCNRSSorbonne Univ.Univ.de ParisUniv.d’Orl´eans5 place Jules JanssenF-92190 MeudonFrance Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8601Japan School of Information Science and Engineering Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

The energy and spectral shape of radio bursts may help us understand the generation mechanism of solar eruptions,including solar flares,coronal mass ejections,eruptive filaments,and various scales of *** different kinds of flares may have different characteristics of energy and spectral *** this work,we selected 10 mostly confined flare events during October 2014 to investigate their overall spectral behaviour and the energy emitted in microwaves by using radio observations from microwaves to interplanetary radio waves,and X-ray observations of GOES,RHESSI,and Fermi/*** found that:all the confined flare events were associated with a microwave continuum burst extending to frequencies of9.4~15.4 GHz,and the peak frequencies of all confined flare events are higher than 4.995 GHz and lower than or equal to 17 *** median value is around 9 *** microwave burst energy(or nuence)and the peak frequency are found to provide useful criteria to estimate the power of solar *** observations imply that the magnetic field in confined flares tends to be stronger than that in 412 flares studied by Nita et al.(2004).All 10 events studied did not produce detectable hard X-rays with energies above~300 keV indicating the lack of efficient acceleration of electrons to high energies in the confined flares.

关键词： Sun:solar flare Sun:radio burst Sun:energy Sun:spectral

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Monogenic deficiency in murine intestinal Cdc42 leads to mucosal inflammation that induces crypt dysplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 413-429页

作者： Dongsheng Zhang Wenjuan Tang Haitao Niu William Tse Hai-Bin Ruan Helmut Dolznig Thomas Knosel Friedrich karl-Heinz Madeleine Themanns Jiang Wang Mingquan Song Lee Denson Lukas Kenner Richard Moriggl Yi Zheng Xiaonan Han Division of Hematology and Oncology Division of Cancer BiologyDepartment of MedicineMetroHealth Medical Center(MHMC)Case Western Reserve University(CWRU)School of MedicineClevelandOH 44109USA Cancer Genomics and Epigenomics Program Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterCase Western Reserve University(CWRU)ClevelandOH 44106USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center(CCHMC)CincinnatiOH 45229USA Children’s Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai 201102China School of Medicine Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Laboratory Animal Science(ILAS) Chinese Academy of Medical Science(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)Beijing 100006China Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMI 55455USA Institute of Medical Genetics Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria Institute of Pathology Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80539Germany Institute of Biochemistry II University Hospital JenaJena 07743Germany Laboratory Animal Pathology University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria Department of Pathology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221USA Department of Gastroenterology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266005China Department of Pathology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1040Austria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research Vienna 1090Austria Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1040Austria Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaVienna 1210Austria Division of Experimental Hematology CCHMCCincinnatiOH 45229USA

CDC42 controls intestinal epithelial(IEC)stem cell(IESC)*** aberrant CDC42 initiates intestinal inflammation or neoplasia is *** utilized models of inflam-matory bowel diseases(IBD),colorectal cancer,aging,and IESC injury to determine the loss of intestinal Cdc42 upon inflammation and *** specimens were collected to determine the levels of CDC42 in IBD or colorectal ***42 floxed mice were crossed with Villin-Cre,Villin-CreERT2 and/or Lgr5-eGFP-IRES-CreERT2,or Bmi1-CreERT2 mice to generate Cdc42 deficient ***,colitis,aging,and intestinal organoid were used to evaluate CDC42 upon mucosal inflammation,IESC/progenitor regenerative capacity,and IEC *** studies revealed that increased CDC42 in colorectal cancer correlated with lower survival;in contrast,lower levels of CDC42 were found in the inflamed IBD *** Cdc42 depletion significantly reduced Lgr5+IEsCs,increased progenitors'hyperplasia,and induced mucosal inflammation,which led to crypt *** Cdc42 depletion markedly enhanced irra-diation-or chemical-induced *** or inhibition of Cdc42 reduced colonic Lgr5+IESC *** conclusion,depletion of Cdc42 reduces the IESC regeneration and IEC repair,leading to prolonged mucosal *** monogenic loss of Cdc42 in-duces mucosal inflammation,which could result in intestinal neoplasia in the context of aging.

关键词： Cell divisioncycle 42(CDC42) Colitis Colorectal cancer(CRC) Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) Intestinal epithelial cell(IEC) Intestinal epithelial stem cell(IESC) Irradiation

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A LN2-based cooling system for a next-generation liquid xenon dark matter detector

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第8期31卷 24-34页

作者： karl ludwig Giboni Pratibha Juyal Elena Aprile Yun Zhang Junji Naganoma INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Laboratory for Particle and Cosmology Shanghai 200240China Columbia Astrophysics Lab and Physics Department Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

In recent years, cooling technology for liquid xenon(LXe) detectors has advanced driven by the development of dark matter(DM) detectors with target mass in the 100–1000 kg range. The next generation of DM detectors based on LXe will be in the 50,000 kg(50 t)range requiring more than 1 k W of cooling power. Most of the prior cooling methods become impractical at this *** cooling a 50 t scale LXe detector, a method is proposed in which liquid nitrogen(LN2) in a small local reservoir cools the xenon gas via a cold finger. The cold finger incorporates a heating unit to provide temperature regulation. The proposed cooling method is simple, reliable, and suitable for the required long-term operation for a rare event search. The device can be easily integrated into present cooling systems, for example the ‘‘Cooling Bus’ ’employed for the Panda X I and II experiments. It is still possible to cool indirectly with no part of the cooling or temperature control system getting in direct contact with the clean xenon in the detector. Also, the cooling device can be mounted at a large distance, i.e., the detector is cooled remotely from a distance of 5–10 m. The method was tested in a laboratory setup at Columbia University to carry out different measurements with a small LXe detector and behaved exactly as predicted.

关键词： Noble liquid detectors(scintillation,ionization,double-phase) Dark matter detectors(WIMPs,axions,etc.) Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics Very low-energy charged particle detectors Time projection chambers Cryogenics Detector cooling and thermo-stabilization

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On proportional scintillation in very large liquid xenon detectors

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第9期31卷 90-97页

作者： Pratibha Juyal karl-ludwig Giboni Xiang-Dong Ji Jiang-Lai Liu School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology(INPAC)800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China

The charge readout of a liquid xenon(LXe)detector via proportional scintillation in the liquid phase was first realized by the Waseda group 40 years ago,but the technical challenges involved were *** the tests were successful,this method was finally discarded and eventually nearly ***,this approach is not considered for large LXe dark matter ***,the dual-phase technology was selected despite many limitations and *** two independent studies,two groups from Columbia University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University reevaluated proportional scintillation in the liquid *** studies established the merits for very large LXe detectors,but the Columbia group also encountered apparent limitations,namely the shadowing of the light by the anode wires,and a dependence of the pulse shape on the drift path of the electrons in the anode *** differences between the two studies,however,are not intrinsic to the technique,but a direct consequence of the chosen *** the geometrical differences into account,the results match without *** also agree with the original results from the Waseda group.

关键词： Liquid detectors Time projection chambers(TPC) Multiplication and electroluminescence in rare gases and liquids

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气候对伊比利亚半岛尼安德特人向现代人人种转变的影响

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Science Bulletin 2023年第11期68卷 1176-1186,M0004页

作者： Konstantin klein Gerd-Christian Weniger Patrick ludwig Christian Stepanek 张旭 Christian Wegener 邵亚平 Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology University of CologneCologne 50923Germany Institute of Prehistory University of CologneCologne 50923Germany Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany Paleoclimate Dynamics Alfred Wegener InstituteHelmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchBremerhaven 27570Germany Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaption Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

伊比利亚半岛对从尼安德特人到现代人的人种转变有着特殊的意义.从东欧向西迁徙的现代人较晚才抵达伊比利亚,因此两个种群之间在这里发生任何可能接触的时间要晚于其他地方.伊比利亚半岛的人种转变发生在海洋同位素第3阶段的早期(约6万... 详细信息

伊比利亚半岛对从尼安德特人到现代人的人种转变有着特殊的意义.从东欧向西迁徙的现代人较晚才抵达伊比利亚,因此两个种群之间在这里发生任何可能接触的时间要晚于其他地方.伊比利亚半岛的人种转变发生在海洋同位素第3阶段的早期(约6万到2.7万年前),其间反复强烈的气候变化影响了种群稳定性.本文研究了气候变化和人类相互作用如何影响种群的过渡.结合气候数据与考古遗址数据重建了GI11-10(格陵兰间冰期)和GS10-9/HE4(格陵兰冰期)时期尼安德特人和现代人的生存潜力或生存概率.结果发现,由于气候变化,在GS10-9/HE4期间,伊比利亚半岛的大部分地区已不适合尼安德特人的生存.尼安德特人的定居区收缩为较为孤立的沿海热点.这可能使得尼安德特人的种群结构变得更不稳定,从而引发人口的最终崩溃.现代人大约在GI10期间抵达了伊比利亚,但仅限于半岛最北部地带的局部地区.GS10-9/HE4的寒冷气候阻止了他们的进一步扩张,甚至导致了他们定居区域的缩小.气候变化与人口迁徙使得尼安德特人和现代人两个种群的人口分散在半岛的不同区域.因此,尼安德特人和现代人在广泛的地区共存的可能性不大,而现代人对尼安德特人的最后消亡的影响也有限.

关键词：尼安德特人伊比利亚半岛数据重建气候变化影响考古遗址人口迁徙生存概率人口分散

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