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Linking changes in the soil microbial community to C and N dynamics during crop residue decomposition

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第11期20卷 3039-3059页

作者： Cyrine REZGUI Isabelle TRINSOUTROT-GATTIN Marie BENOIT karine laval Wassila RIAH-ANGLET AGHYLE Research Unit UniLaSalleRouen-TeamMont-Saint Aignan 76134France Agroecology and Environment Research Unit IsaraAgroSchool for LifeLyon 69007France

Crop residues are among the main inputs that allow the organic carbon(C)and nutrients to be maintained in agricultural *** is an important management strategy that can improve soil fertility and enhance agricultural *** work aims to evaluate the extent of the changes that may occur in the soil heterotrophic microbial communities involved in organic matter decomposition and C and nitrogen(N)mineralization after the addition of crop *** microcosm experiments were performed at 28℃ for 90 days with the addition of three crop residues with contrasting biochemical qualities:pea(Pisum sativum L.),rapeseed(Brassica napus L.),and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Enzyme activities,C and N mineralization,and bacterial and fungal biomasses were monitored,along with the bacterial and fungal community composition,by the highthroughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA and ITS *** addition of crop residues caused decreases in β-glucosidase and arylamidase activities and simultaneous enhancement of the C mineralization and net N immobilization,which were linked to changes in the soil microbial *** addition of crop residues decreased the bacterial and fungal biomasses 90 days after treatment and there were shifts in bacterial and fungal diversity at the phyla,order,and genera *** specific orders and genera were dependent on crop residue *** example,Chloroflexales,Inquilinus,Rubricoccus,Clitocybe,and Verticillium were identified in soils with pea residues;whereas Thermoanaerobacterales,Thermacetogenum,and Hypoxylon were enriched in soils with rapeseed residues,and Halanaerobiales,Rubrobacter,and Volutella were only present in soils with wheat *** findings of this study suggest that soil C and N dynamics in the presence of the crop residues were driven by the selection of specific bacterial and fungal decomposers linked to the biochemical qualities of the crop *** crop residue decomposition processes showed specific bacteria

关键词： crop residues C and N mineralization enzyme activities bacterial and fungal diversity

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Influence of Cell Confluency on the Expression of the α4 Integrin Subunit of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2015年第2期5卷 73-82页

作者： Jean-Michel Bourget Mohib Morcos karine Zaniolo Sylvain L. Guérin Stéphanie Proulx Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’Université laval/LOEX axe médecine régénératrice Hopital du Saint-Sacrement Québec Canada Département d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques CHU de Québec Hopital du Saint-Sacrement Québec Canada Département de biologie moléculaire biochimie médicale et pathologie Faculté de médecine Université Laval Québec Canada Département d’Ophtalmologie Faculté de médecine Université Laval Québec Canada

Integrins are a family of transmembrane glycoproteins that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. The integrin α4 subunit is widely expressed by cells from the immune system and its expression by non-hematopoietic cells is scarce. In the present study, gene and protein expression of this integrin subunit was characterized in proliferating and quiescent human RPE cells. Immunofluorescent studies confirm that the α4 subunit is expressed in vitro by RPE cells, a result that has been validated by immunofluorescence and FACS analyses. The accumulation of the α4 integrin at cell-cell junctions in post-confluent RPE cell cultures negatively correlated with the level of expression of the mRNA transcript. Accordingly, transient transfection analyses reveal that the α4 promoter activity is considerably reduced when RPE cells form a confluent monolayer. Moreover, transfection of recombinant constructs bearing 5’-deletions of the α4 promoter segment allows the localization of strong negative regulatory elements on the -76 to -300 region of the α4 gene suggesting that its expression is intimately linked to the proliferative state of primary cultured RPE cells.

关键词： Retinal Pigment Epithelium Integrin Alpha 4 Subunit Cell Culture Confluency Promoter

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*** of WNK1 inhibition on corneal wound healing using a model of human tissue-engineered cornea

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 495-495页

作者： Pascale Desjardins Camille Couture karine Zaniolo Lucie Germain Sylvain Guérin Département d'ophtalmologie CUO-recherche/LOEXCentre de recherche du CHU de QuébecUniversitéLavalQuébecQCCanada Département de chirurgie Centre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’UniversitéLaval/LOEXCentre de recherche du CHU de QuébecUniversitéLavalQuébecQCCanada

Background:Because of its superficial anatomical localization,the cornea is particularly vulnerable to abrasive forces and various traumas,which can lead to significant visual *** injury of the corneal epithelium,there are important changes that occur in the composition of the underlying extracellular matrix(ECM).Those changes are perceived by the integrins that recognize the ECM components as their ligand and activate different intracellular signalling pathways,ultimately leading to reepithelialisation and reorganization of the injured epithelium,both of which are necessary in order to restore the visual properties of the *** goal of this study was to analyse the impact of the pharmacological inhibition of specific signal transduction mediators of integrin-dependant signalling pathways on corneal wound healing using both monolayers of hCECs and tissue-engineered human corneas(hTECs)as in vitro ***:hTECs were produced by the self-assembly approach and wounded with a 8-mm diameter biopsy *** RNA and proteins were isolated from the wounded and unwounded hTECs to conduct gene profiling analyses and protein kinase *** wounded tissues were then incubated with the WNK1 inhibitor WNK463 and wound healing was monitored over a period of 6 *** corneas were incubated with the vehicle alone(DMSO).The impact of WNK1 inhibition on hCECs monolayers was determined using a scratch wound ***:Gene profiling analyses and protein kinases arrays revealed important alterations in the expression and activity of several mediators from the integrin-dependent signalling pathways in response to the ECM changes taking place during corneal wound *** these,WNK1 is considerably activated through phosphorylation during corneal wound *** pharmacological inhibition of WNK1 by WNK463 significantly reduced the dynamic of corneal wound closure in our hTECs and hCECs monolayers compared to their respective negative control

关键词： Cornea tissue engineering wound healing signaling pathways integrins

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*** of cyclic-AMP-response element binding protein and its impact on corneal wound healing in vitro and in vivo

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Annals of Eye Science 2019年第1期 195-195页

作者： Camille Couture Pascale Desjardins karine Zaniolo Richard Bazin Lucie Germain Sylvain Guérin Département d'ophtalmologie UniversitéLavalCUO-recherche/LOEXCentre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuébecQCCanada Département de chirurgie UniversitéLavalCentre de recherche en organogénèse expérimentale de l’UniversitéLaval/LOEXCentre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuébecQCCanada

Background:The cornea composes the outer surface of the eye and its transparency is required to allow light transmission to the ***,because of its position,the cornea is subjected to chemical and mechanical injuries that may lead to *** studies conducted using the human tissue-engineered cornea(hTEC)as a model provided evidence that the cyclic-AMP-response element binding protein(CREB)pathway is repressed during closure of corneal *** on these results,we hypothesized that closure of corneal wounds can be enhanced by preventing activation of CREB with the pharmacological inhibitor *** goals were to proceed to the pharmacological inhibition of CREB(I)in vitro using the hTECs as a model,and then(II)in vivo using the rabbit as a ***:The self-assembly approach was used to create hTECs,that were then wounded with an 8-mm diameter biopsy punch to create an epithelial *** tissues were then incubated with 10μM of C646(n=8).DMSO was used alone as a negative control(n=4).Closure of the wounds was monitored over a period of 5 ***,the cornea of New Zealand white rabbits was debrided with an ethanol 70%solution to create an epithelial defect of 8-mm *** concentrations of C646(1,10,100μM et 1 mM)were applied as eye drops 3 times a day for up to 7 *** wounded corneas(n=4 per concentration)were stained with fluorescein and photographed every ***:In vitro pharmacological inhibition of CREB with C646 considerably accelerated wound closure of all treated hTECs(4 days)compared to the control group(7 days).Moreover,the in vivo C646 treatment also accelerated wound healing of the corneas compared to the control *** most effective concentration of C646 tested was the lowest(1μM),as it considerably enhanced the wound healing ***:This study demonstrates that wound healing both in vitro and in vivo can be enhanced by preventing activation of CREB using a pharmacological inhibition appr

关键词： Cyclic-AMP-response element binding protein(CREB) protein kinase B(AKT) healing corneal wound tissue-engineering

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EGFR Expression Is Unreliable to Decide for Cetuximab Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Results from “ERBITUX-OUEST”

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2016年第2期6卷 56-67页

作者： Jean-Philippe Metges Erick Gamelin Alain Volant Olivier Capitain Jean-François Ramée Jean-Luc Raoul Jean-Yves Douillard Pierre-Luc Etienne Isabelle Cumin Olivier Dupuis Roger Faroux Marie-Aude Coulon Philippe Deguiral karine Bideau Nacr Eddine Achour Alain Gourlaouen Corinne Alleaume Annie Wdowik Laurent Miglianico Yann Touchefeu Vincent Klein Alain Penchet Ludovic Rosenfeld Daniel Martin Claire Stampfli Jean-Jacques Auger Alain Bargain Murielle Broyer-Petit Jérome Chettrit Louis-Rémi De Ybarlucea Serge Eloit Pierre Marie Girardot Nathalie Heresbach Christian Laboisse Eric Lavoine Gilles Lemasson Claire Magois Sophie Michalak Norbert Padilla Joseph Politis Frédéric Staroz Bruno Turlin Arnaud Uguen Viorel Vasiliu Véronique Verriele Fanny Marhuenda Delphine Déniel Lagadec Christian Riché Françoise Grudé Observatoire dédié au Cancer des régions Bretagne et Pays de la Loire France Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) Brest France Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest (ICO) Paul Papin Angers France Centre Catherine de Sienne Nantes France CRLCC Eugène Marquis Rennes France ICO René Gauducheau Nantes France Centre CARIO-HCPA Plérin France Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Sud (CHBS) Lorient France Clinique Victor Hugo Le Mans France Centre Hospitalier Départemental (CHD) La Roche-sur-Yon France CH Le Mans France Clinique Mutualiste de l’Estuaire Saint-Nazaire France CHIC Quimper France Clinique Pasteur Lanroze Brest France CH MORLAIX France CH Saint-Brieuc France CHBA Vannes France CHP Saint-Grégoire France CHU Nantes France Hopital Privé Océane Vannes France Clinique Saint-Michel et Sainte-Anne Quimper France Pole Santé Sarthe et Loire La Flèche France Polyclinique du Maine Laval France Polyclinique Sud Quimper France CH laval France Polyclinique Cesson Sévigné France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Cholet France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Saint-Malo France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Lorient France Institut d’histopathologie Nantes France Laboratoire de Pathologie Médicale Laval France ARMOR Pathologie Plérin France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Rennes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Angers France Laboratoire Analyses Biologie Glasgow Brest France CHU Angers France Centre d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Le Mans France Cabinet d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Vannes France Laboratoire d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques Quimper France CHU Rennes France

Purpose: Although controversial, assessment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is required for the approved indications of Cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). With the objective of improving patient selection, “ERBITUX-OUEST” study aimed at analyzing EGFR status in a large cohort of mCRC patients who received cetuximab without preliminary EGFR screening, and assessing the correlation between EGFR status and response to treatment retrospectively. Patients and methods: 332 patients treated with Irinotecan Cetuximab based regimen after progression on irinotecan or oxaliplatin therapy were included. EGFR status was assessed using three available immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests and in situ hybridization in case of negativity. Clinical outcomes of EGFR-positive and EGFR-non-detected (or considered as negative with at least one test) patients were compared. Results: Of the 332 samples centrally screened, 194 were classified as full-positive (i.e., EGFR-positive for all three tests), 86 as full-negative, and 52 as discordant. One third of the 131 negative samples with FDA approved test should be reclassified as positive with at least one of the two others tests. Regarding results from FDA approved test only, neither objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) nor overall survival (OS) differed significantly between EGFR-negative and EGFR-positive patients (P = 0.788, 0.326 and 0.888, respectively). Similarly, comparison of full-negative to other groups did not show any significant difference in terms of ORR (P = 0.507), PFS (P = 0.222) or OS (P = 0.686). Conclusion: These data strongly argue against mCRC patients selection for Cetuximab treatment based on EGFR expression as measured by currently available IHC technics.

关键词： Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cetuximab EGFR Expression

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