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Acetylsalicylic Acid Administered in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Effect on the Antioxidant Enzyme System

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2022年第4期12卷 252-262页

作者： Sara Pascoe-González karina celia morgado-castillo Maria Guadalupe Ramos-Zavala Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz Fernando Grover-Paez María Claudia Espinel-Bermúdez Sandra Ofelia Hernández-González Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica (INTEC) Departamento de Fisiología Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Guadalajara México

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications are associated with oxidative stress and the depletion of antioxidant defenses. The influence of acetylsalicylic acid on reversing the decrease in antioxidants, insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, and inflammatory cascade can help prevent diabetes complications. Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the antioxidant enzymatic system in patients with diabetes. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 21 patients of both sexes with Type 2 diabetes for less than five years at the time of diagnosis, without pharmacological treatment, and randomly selected. Acetylsalicylic acid (300 mg) was administered orally for three months to the study group (n = 11) compared to the placebo control group (n = 10). Before and after the intervention, anthropometric and metabolic measurements were taken, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, lipid profile panel, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and antioxidant capacity/activity were determined;values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Intra- and intergroup differences were tested by Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann-Whitney U test, respectively;p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The acetylsalicylic acid group showed a decrease in weight (85.6 ± 19.3 vs. 84.1 ± 19.0 kg p = 0.01), cholesterol (205.9 ± 16.6 vs. 186.0 ± 23.2 mg/dL p = 0.02), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (7.8% ± 0.9% vs. 7.0% ± 0.7% p = 0.02). The placebo group exhibited reduction in weight (76.1 ± 14.9 vs. 74.9 ± 15.0 kg p = 0.04), glycated hemoglobin A1c (6.9% ± 0.6% vs. 6.2% ± 0.4% p = 0.004), and total antioxidant capacity (4.1 ± 0.5 vs. 4.8 ± 0.3 mmol/L p = 0.002). Conclusion: The administration of acetylsalicylic acid did not modify the antioxidant enzyme system.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Acetylsalicylic Acid Oxidative Stress Glucose Glycated Hemoglobin A1c

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Neonatal Fc receptor-targeted lignin-encapsulated porous silicon nanoparticles for enhanced cellular interactions and insulin permeation across the intestinal epithelium

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第3期7卷 299-315页

作者： Joao P.Martins Patrícia Figueiredo Shiqi Wang Erika Espo Elena Celi Beatriz Martins Marianna Kemell karina Moslova Ermei Makil Jarno Salonen Mauri A.Kostiainen Christian celia Vincenzo Cerullo Tapani Viitala Bruno Sarmento Jouni Hirvonen Helder A.Santos Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Pharmacy University of Chieti-Pescara“G d’Annunzio”I-66100ChietiItaly Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical BiosciencesFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Chemistry University of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland Department of Physics and Astronomy University of TurkuFI-20014TurkuFinland Biohybrid Materials Department of Bioproducts and BiosystemsAalto UniversityFI-00076AaltoFinland i3S-Instituto de Investigaçao e Inovaçao em Saúde University of Porto4200-135PortoPortugal INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica University of Porto4200-135PortoPortugal CESPU-Instituto de Investigaçao e Formaçao Avançada em Ciencias e Tecnologias da Saúde 4585-116GandraPortugal Helsinki Institute of Life Science(HiLIFE) University of HelsinkiFI-00014HelsinkiFinland

Oral insulin delivery could change the life of millions of diabetic patients as an effective,safe,easy-to-use,and affordable alternative to insulin injections,known by an inherently thwarted patient ***,we designed a multistage nanoparticle(NP)system capable of circumventing the biological barriers that lead to poor drug absorption and bioavailability after oral *** nanosystem consists of an insulin-loaded porous silicon NP encapsulated into a pH-responsive lignin matrix,and surface-functionalized with the Fc fragment of immunoglobulin G,which acts as a targeting ligand for the neonatal Fc receptor(FcRn).The developed NPs presented small size(211±1 nm)and narrow size *** NPs remained intact in stomach and intestinal pH conditions,releasing the drug exclusively at pH 7.4,which mimics blood *** formulation showed to be highly cytocompatible,and surface plasmon resonance studies demonstrated that FcRn-targeted NPs present higher capacity to interact and being internalized by the Caco-2 cells,which express FcRn,as demonstrated by Western ***,in vitro permeability studies showed that Fc-functionalized NPs induced an increase in the amount of insulin that permeated across a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture model,showing apparent permeability coefficients(Papp)of 2.37×10􀀀6 cm/s,over the 1.66×10􀀀6 cm/s observed for their non-functionalized ***,these results demonstrate the potential of these NPs for oral delivery of anti-diabetic drugs.

关键词： Nanoparticles Porous silicon Lignin FcRn Insulin Oral drug delivery

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