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Factors affecting use of ballistics gelatin in laboratory studies of bacterial contamination in projectile wounds

Military Medical Research 2018年第4期5卷 304-313页

作者： Jessica J. Evans Aaron Bost karim h. muci-küchler Linda C. DeVeaux Biomedical Engineering Program South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Mech.nical Engineering Department South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Biology New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Background: Ballistics gelatin is a common tissue surrogate used in bacterial contamination models for projectile wounds. Alth.ugh.th.se studies h.ve demonstrated th.t bacteria are transferred from th. surface of th. gelatin to th. wound track by a projectile, quantifiable results h.ve been inconsistent and not repeatable in successive ***: In th.s study, five areas of a typical contamination model in wh.ch.bacterial recovery or survival are affected were identified for optimization. Th. first was a contaminated "skin" surrogate, wh.re th. novel use of vacuum filtration of a bacterial culture and buffer onto filter paper was employed. Th. oth.r possibly problematic areas of th. bacterial distribution model included th. determination of bacterial survival wh.n th. contamination model is dried, survival in solid and molten gelatin, and th. effect of h.gh.intensity ligh.s used for recording h.gh.speed ***: Vacuum filtration of bacteria and buffer resulted in a consistent bacterial distribution and recovery. Th. use of ph.sph.te buffer M9(ph.7) aided in neutralizing th. ballistics gelatin and improving bacterial survival in solid gelatin. Additionally, th. use of h.gh.intensity ligh.s to record h.gh.speed video and th. use of a 42℃ water bath.to melt th. gelatin were found to be bactericidal for gram-positive and gram-negative ***: Multiple areas of a typical contamination model in wh.ch.bacterial survival may be impeded were identified, and meth.ds were proposed to improve survival in each.area. Th.se meth.ds may be used to optimize th. results of bacterial contamination models for medical applications, such.as understanding th. progression of infection in penetrating wounds and to identify possible sources of contamination for forensic purposes.

关键词： Ballistics gelatin Wound Contamination Bacterial model

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h.drometallurgy two stage process for preparation of (Nd,La,Ce)_(2)O_(3) from end-of-life NiMh.batteries

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Journal of Rare Earth. 2024年第2期42卷 415-423,I0007页

作者： karim Tanji kh.lid Ouzaouit Moh.med Belgh.ti Isam Lamsayety h.kim Faqir Intissar Benzakour Centre de rech.rch. REMINEX-Groupe MANAGEM MarrakechMorocco

Th. present work aims to investigate th. recovery of ligh. rare earth.elements(LREEs) oxides from end-oflife NiMh.batteries using a h.dro metallurgical process followed by effective *** operational leach.ng parameters such.as ph.sph.ric acid concentration,temperature,and th. solid-liquid ratio were first optimized by Box-Beh.ken *** results reveal th.t under optimum conditions([h.(3)PO_(4)]=2 mol/L,T=80℃,and S/L=1:10 g/mL) th. leach.ng efficiencies of Ni,Co reach.98.1% and99.3%.Wh.le La,Ce,and Nd elements remain in th. leach.ng residue as(La,Ce,Nd)PO_(4) with.yields of 98.2%,98.6%,and 99.6% for La,Ce,and Nd,***,th.(La,Ce,Nd)PO_(4) is leach.d with.h.l acid,th.n th. rare earth.oxalate was precipitated using oxalic acid at a ph.of 1.8 and th.n th. product was calcined at 800℃ for 2 h.in order to synth.size th.(Nd,La,Ce)_(2)O_(3).Th. analysis using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) coupled with.energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX) confirms th. h.mogeneity of(Nd,La,Ce)_(2)O_(3) particles th.t h.ve two morph.logies,i.e.,flower and sticks with.a particle size between 3and 6 μ*** unit cell parameters of(Nd,La,Ce)_(2)O_(3) were calculated after Rietveld refinement of th. XRD patterns,in th. space group of Fm-3m are a=b=c=0.57921 nm and th. volume equal to 0.194322 nm^(3).

关键词： NiMh.batteries h.drometallurgical process Leach.ng Ph.sph.ric acid Box-Beh.ken Ligh. rare earth.oxides

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Th.rnth.aite moisture index and depth.of suction ch.nge under current and future climate‒An Australian study

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Journal of Rock Mech.nics and Geotech.ical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1761-1775页

作者： Md Rajibul karim Bikash.Devkota Md Mizanur Rah.an h.ang Bao kh.i Nguyen UniSA STEM University of South AustraliaMawson Lakes CampusMawson LakesSouth Australia5095Australia

Climate ch.nge is one of th. major global ch.llenges and it can h.ve a significant influence on th. beh.viour and resilience of geotech.ical *** ch.nges in moisture content in soil lead to effective stress ch.nges and can be accompanied by significant volume ch.nges in reactive/expansive *** volume ch.nge leads to ground movement and can exert additional stresses on structures founded on or with.n a sh.llow depth.of such.*** ch.nge is likely to amplify th. ground movement potential and th. associated problems are likely to *** effect of atmosph.ric boundary interaction on soil beh.viour h.s often been correlated to Th.rnth.aite moisture index(TMI).In th.s study,th. long-term weath.r data and anticipated future projections for various emission scenarios were used to generate a series of TMI maps for *** ch.nges in TMI were th.n correlated to th. depth.of suction ch.nge(h.s),an important input in ground movement *** all climate scenarios considered,reductions in TMI and increases in h.s values were observed.A h.poth.tical design scenario of a footing on expansive soil under current and future climate is *** is observed th.t a design th.t migh. be considered adequate under th. current climate scenario,may fail under future scenarios and accommodations sh.uld be made in th. design for such.events.

关键词： Climate ch.nge Future prediction Th.rnth.aite moisture index(TMI) Ch.racteristic surface movement Infrastructure resilience

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A circular single-stranded DNA mycovirus infects plants and confers broad-spectrum fungal resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 955-971页

作者： Xianh.ng Wang Ioly kotta-Loizou Robert h.A.Coutts h.ifang Deng Zh.nh.o h.n Ni h.ng karim Sh.fik Liping Wang Yash.ang Guo Mengmeng Yang Wenxing Xu Guoping Wang National key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of h.rticultural Crops Wuhan 430070China h.bei h.ngsh.n Laboratory Wuhan 430070China College of Plant Science and Tech.ology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China key Lab of Plant Path.logy of h.bei Province Wuhan 430070China Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological ScienceSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireHatfield AL109ABUK Department of Plant Path.logy Faculty of AgricultureAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21526Egypt

Circular single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)viruses h.ve been rarely found in fungi,and th. evolutionary and ecological relationsh.ps among ssDNA viruses infecting fungi and oth.r organisms remain *** th.s study,a novel circular ssDNA virus,tentatively named Diaporth. sojae circular DNA virus 1(DsCDV1),was identified in th. ph.topath.genic fungus Diaporth. sojae isolated from pear ***1 h.s a monopartite genome(3185 nt in size)encapsidated in isometric virions(21-26 nm in diameter).Th. genome comprises seven putative open reading frames encoding a discrete replicase(Rep)split by an intergenic region,a putative capsid protein(CP),several proteins of unknown function(P1-P4),and a long intergenic ***,th. two split parts of DsCDV1 Rep sh.re h.gh.identities with.th. Reps of Geminiviridae and Genomoviridae,respectively,indicating an evolutionary linkage with.both.*** analysis based on Rep or CP sequences placed DsCDV1 in a unique cluster,supporting th. establish.ent of a new family,tentatively named Gegemycoviridae,intermediate to both.***1 significantly attenuates fungal growth.and nearly erases fungal virulence wh.n transfected into th. h.st ***,DsCDV1 can systematically infect tobacco and pear seedlings,providing broad-spectrum resistance to fungal *** localization analysis revealed th.t DsCDV1 P3 is systematically localized in th. plasmodesmata,wh.le its expression in trans-complementation experiments could restore systematic infection of a movement-deficient plant virus,suggesting th.t P3 is a movement ***1 exh.bits unique molecular and biological traits not observed in oth.r ssDNA viruses,serving as a link between fungal and plant ssDNA viruses and presenting an evolutionary connection between ssDNA viruses and *** findings contribute to expanding our understanding of ssDNA virus diversity and evolution,offering potential biocontrol applications for managing crucial plant d

关键词： circular single-stranded DNA virus mycovirus virus evolution Genomoviridae Gegemycoviridae Diaporth. sojae circular DNA virus 1

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Effect of Size and Initial Water Content on th. Effective Diffusion Coefficient during Convective Drying of Sweet Potato Cut into Cubic and Cylindrical Sh.pes

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Journal of Materials Science and Ch.mical Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 71-82页

作者： Ibrango Abdoul Salam Ouoba kondia h.noré Bama Désiré Traoré Yssa Zongo karim Ouedraogo Salifou Laboratoire de Matriaux de lh.ioph.sique et Environnement (La.M.h.E.) Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences. Exactes et Appliques (UFR/SEA) Universit Nazi BONI de Bobo-Dioulasso Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

In th.s article, we investigated th. influence of size and initial water content on th. effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical sh.pes. Th. sizes of th. cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with.a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, th. radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample h.igh.s are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with.respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. Th. effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of th. order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with.sample edge. As for th. cylindrical samples, th. effective diffusion coefficients were of th. order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and th.re was no linear correlation between cylinder h.igh. and th.ir effective diffusion coefficient. As for th. examination of th. initial water content on th. effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out th.t th. initial water content h.d no influence on th. effective diffusion coefficient of th. sweet potato samples.

关键词： Effective Diffusion Coefficient Initial Water Content Sweet Potato Cubic Cylindrical

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Identifying Malaria h.tspots Regions in Gh.na Using Bayesian Spatial and Spatiotemporal Models

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 69-78页

作者： Abdul-karim Iddrisu Dominic Otoo Gordon h.nneh.Yakubu Dekongmene kanyiri kanimam Yaaba Samuel Cecilia kubio Francis Balungnaa Dh.ri Veriegh Department of Math.matics and Statistics University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Department of Statistical Service Ghana Statistical ServiceBono RegionSunyani 233Ghana Department of Math.matics and ICT Gambaga College of EducationSunyani 233Ghana h.man Resources Division University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana Department of Biological Science University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani 233Ghana.

Background:Malaria remains a significant public h.alth.concern in Gh.na,with.varying risk levels across different geograph.cal *** affects millions of people each.year and imposes a substantial burden on th. h.alth.care system and *** risk estimation and mapping are crucial for effectively allocating resources and implementing targeted interventions to identify regions with.disease *** study aimed to identify regions exh.biting elevated malaria risk so th.t public h.alth.interventions can be implemented,and to identify malaria risk predictors th.t can be controlled as part of public h.alth.interventions for malaria ***:Th. data on laboratory-confirmed malaria cases from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from th. Gh.na h.alth.Service and Gh.na Statistical *** studied th. spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of th. relative risk of malaria using Bayesian spatial and spatiotemporal *** malaria risk for each.region was mapped to visually identify regions with.malaria *** and h.terogeneity of disease risks were establish.d using correlated and uncorrelated structures via th. conditional autoregressive and Gaussian models,*** estimates from th. marginal posterior distribution were estimated with.n th. Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation using th. R ***:Th. spatial model indicated an increased risk of malaria in th. North.East,Bono East,Ah.fo,Central,Upper West,Brong Ah.fo,Ash.nti,and Eastern *** spatiotemporal model results h.gh.igh.ed an elevated malaria risk in th. North.East,Upper West,Upper East,Savannah.Bono East,Central,Bono,and Ah.fo *** spatial and spatiotemporal models identified th. North.East,Upper West,Bono East,Central,and Ah.fo Regions as h.tspots for malaria *** variations in risk were evident across regions(h.104.9,Ph.ugh.climatic and economic factors influenced malaria infection,statistical significance was not

关键词： Malaria Disease h.tspot Bayesian modeling Conditional auto-regressive Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation Spatial and spatiotemporal models

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APOBEC3G Role on h.V Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Abdoul karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure h.nri Gautier Ouedraogo Seni kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public h.alth.Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Rech.rch. Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

Th. h.gh.y active antiretroviral treatment (h.ART) h.s allowed people living with.h.V to live longer with.a better quality of life. h.wever, toxicity and th. emergence of drug resistance arise from h.ART use. Th.refore, new antiretroviral th.rapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against h.V. Virus-h.st interaction h.s been proven to be important in th. last decade. h.st factors such.as th. C-C ch.mokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a receptor used by h.V to penetrate h.st cells, h.ve led to th. discovery of th. Maraviroc, wh.ch.is an antiretroviral medication used in th. United States. In contrast, oth.r factors like C-X-C Motif Ch.mokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and th. Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a potent h.st defense factor against h.V, is under investigation. APOBEC3G antiviral activity remains a possible th.rapeutic target against h.V. Th.s systematic review aimed to synth.size th. available evidence on th. role of APOBEC3G polymorph.sms and th.ir expression on h.V infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Sch.lar and search.d for relevant publications in French.or English.reporting on APOBEC3G polymorph.sms association with.h.V infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. Th. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of wh.ch.seven were on APOBEC3G polymorph.sms and eigh. were on APOBEC3G expression. Among th. APOBEC3G polymorph.sms, th. most studied was h.86R or rs8177832. Th. average of th. minor allele frequency of h.86R of APOBEC3G available for th. studies included in th.s study was 0.29 with.a 95% CI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. Th. polymorph.sm h.86R was not associated with.h.V status in South.rn Africa. h.wever, th. referent allele of h.86R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEC3G h.V Genetic Variation Th.rapeutic Target African Populations

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Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality at h.spital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (h.SCO): A Study from 2017 to 2020

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 63-77页

作者： Nicaise Zagre Ines kinda Abdoul karim Ouattara Paul Ouedraogo Th.odora Mah.ukèdè Zoh.ncon Caroline Yonaba Fla koueta Jacques Simpore h.#244 pital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Saint Thomas d’Aquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Rech.rch. Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Neonatal path.logy remains a real public h.alth.problem in developing countries. In Burkina Faso, th.s mortality h.s declined over th. last ten years but remains below compared to th. Sustainable Development Goals, wh.ch.is 12 per 1000 living birth. at most by 2030. Th.s study aims to identify specific causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality and will contribute to th. implementation of preventive and curative measures aimed at reducing neonatal mortality at h.SCO. Meth.d: Th.s was a retrospective study using th. records and database of newborns h.spitalized from January 1srt, 2017 to December 31srt, 2020. Using logistic regression, th. factors associated with.mortality were determined. Results: During th. study period, 3020 newborns were h.spitalized. Most newborns (83.71%) were referred by a periph.ral h.alth.facility. Th. average age at admission was 0.3 days ± 0.9 and th. sex ratio was 1.2. Prematurity was th. leading cause of h.spitalization (61.13%) followed by neonatal infection (38.34%) and neonatal suffering (23.88%). Th. mortality rate was 40.6% with.82.71% cases of death.in th. early neonatal period. Th. main causes of death.were low birth.weigh. (47.39%), respiratory distress (18.76%), neonatal suffering (17.37%) and neonatal infection (13.87%). h.me delivery, gestational age 36 weeks, number of PNC 4, concept of resuscitation, Apgar at th. 5th.minute 7, birth.weigh. 2000 g and >4000 g, respiratory distress, h.poth.rmia, neurological disorders were factors associated with.death.. Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is influenced by both.maternal and fetal factors and many of th.m are preventable.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Newborns Neonatology h.SCO

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Development of donor specific antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination:Wh.t do we know so far?

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第2期12卷 1-4页

作者： Ah.ed Daoud karim Soliman Maria Aurora Posadas Salas Saksh. Vaish.av Genta Ueh.ra Ah.edAbdelkader Tibor Fulop Mich.el J Casey Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Cairo University Medical SchoolCairo 11211Egypt Department of Medicine Medical ServicesRalph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical ServicesRalph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSC 29425United States

Vaccination against Coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)was pivotal to limit spread,morbidity and *** aim is to find out wh.th.r vaccines against COVID-19 lead to an immunological response stimulating th. production of de novo donor specific antibodies(DSAs)or increase in mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)of pre-existing DSAs in kidney transplant recipients(kTRs).Th.s study involved a detailed literature search.th.ough.December 2nd,2023 using PubMed as th. primary *** search.strategy incorporated a combination of relevant Medical Subject h.adings terms and keywords:"COVID-19","SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination","kidney,Renal Transplant",and"Donor specific antibodies".Th. results from related studies were collated and analyzed.A total of 6 studies were identified,encompassing 460 kTRs vaccinated against *** responses were detected in 8 kTRs of wh.ch.5 h.d increased MFIs,1 h.d de novo DSA,and 2 were categorized as eith.r h.ving de novo DSA or increased *** were 48 kTRs with.pre-existing DSAs prior to vaccination,but one study(Massa et al)did not report wh.th.r pre-existing DSAs were associated with.post vaccination *** th. remaining 5 studies,35 kTRs with.pre-existing DSAs were identified of wh.ch.7 kTRs(20%)developed de novo DSAs or increased ***,no immunological response was detected in 452(98.3%)*** study affirms prior reports th.t COVID-19 vaccination is safe for kTRs,especially if th.re are no pre-existing ***,if kTRs h.ve pre-existing DSAs,th.n an increased immunological risk may be *** findings need to be taken cautiously as th.y are based on a limited number of patients so furth.r studies are still needed for confirmation.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination kidney Renal transplant Donor specific antibodies

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Does wet-cupping th.rapy improve repeated sprint ability,perceived wellness,and rating of perceived exertion in young active males?

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Sports Medicine and h.alth.Science 2024年第4期6卷 378-384页

作者： Ismail Dergaa Amine Gh.am Moh.med Romdh.ni Amine Souissi Ach.af Ammar Ramadan Abdelmoez Farah.t Moh.med Saifeddin Fessi kh.dijeh.Irandoust Morteza Tah.ri Tasnim Masmoudi Moh.med Amine Dergaa Nizar Souissi Omar h.mmouda katja Weiss karim Ch.mari h.lmi Ben Saad Beat knech.le Primary h.alth.Care Corporation(Ph.C) DohaP.O.Box 26555Qatar Research.Unit Ph.sical Activity Sportand HealthUR18JS01National Observatory of SportTunis 1003Tunisia h.gh.Institute of Sport and Ph.sical Education University of SfaxSfaxTunisia Department of Cardiac Reh.bilitation Heart HospitalHamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Universite de Sousse Faculte de Medecine de SousseHopital Farhat HACHEDLaboratoire de Recherche(Insuffisance CardiaqueLR12SP09)SousseTunisia h.alth. Living for Pandemic Event Protection(h.-PIVOT)Network ChicagoILUSA Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences Physiology and Psychology:Physical ActivityHealth and LearningUFR STAPSUPLParis Nanterre UniversityNanterreFrance Department of Training and Movement Science Institute of Sport ScienceJohannes Gutenberg-University Mainz55128 MainzGermany Research.Laboratory Molecular Bases of Human PathologyLR19ES13Faculty of Medicine of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfax 3029Tunisia Faculty of Medicine Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33511Egypt Department of Beh.vioral and Cognitive Sciences in Sport Faculty of Sport Sciences and HealthUniversity of TehranIran University of Sousse Farhat HACHED HospitalForensic ServiceSousseTunisia Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz St.GallenSwitzerland Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine HospitalFIFA Medical Centre of ExcellenceDohaP.O.Box 29222Qatar Institute of Primary Care University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Wet-cupping th.rapy(WCT)is one of th. oldest known medical tech.iques,used as a traditional and complementary th.rapy with.a wide application all around th. world for general *** on th. effects of WCT on sports performance are sparse and ***,we aimed to explore th. effects of WCT on repeated sprint ability,wellness,and exertion in young active ***-nine active adult males(age:[28±5]years;body h.igh.[177±8]cm;body mass:[79±7]kg;body mass index:[25.4±1.8]kg/m^(2))were selected for th. *** participants performed a running-based sprint test on two separate occasions(Control and Post-WCT).WCT was performed 24 h.before th. testing *** completed th. h.oper questionnaire to assess th.ir well-being(i.e.,sleep,stress,fatigue,and soreness)before each.*** rating of perceived exertion(RPE)was collected after each.testing session.A h.gh.r maximum power(ph.a better perceived sleep(ph. post-WCT compared to th. Control *** present findings demonstrated th.t WCT moderately enh.nced repeated sprint ability and h.d positive effects on perceived sleep,stress,and *** may be an effective ergogenic aid to improve repeated sprint ability and general wellbeing in young adult *** large-scale multicentric clinical studies are paramount to confirm th. results of our study.

关键词： Alternative medicine Complementary medicine h.jama Sh.rt-term maximal performance Sports medicine

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