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Dose surgical sub-specialization influence survival in patients with colorectal cancer?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 961-964页

作者： Cameron Platell Daniel Lim Nazreen Tajudeen karen wong Department of Surgery University of Western AustraliaFremantle HospitalAustralia

AIM:To perform a review of patients with colorectal cancer to a community hospital and to compare the risk-adjusted survival between patients managed in general surgical units versus a colorectal unit. METHODS:The study evaluated all patients with colorectal cancer referred to either general surgical units or a colorectal unit from 1/1996 to 6/*** results were compared to a historical control group treated within general surgical units at the same hospital from 1/1989 to 12/1994.A Kaplan- Meier survival analysis compared the overall survivals (all- cause mortality) between the groups.A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the influence of a number of independent variables on *** variables included age,ASA score,disease stage,emergency surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy,disease location,and surgical unit. RESULTS:There were 974 patients involved in this study. There were no significant differences in the demographic details for thethree *** in the colorectal group were more likely to have rectal cancer and Stage Ⅰ cancers, and less likely to have Stage Ⅱ *** treated in the colorectal group had a significantly higher overall 5-year survival when compared with the general surgical group and the historical control group (56 % versus 45 % and 40 % respectively,P<0.01).Survival regression analysis identified age,ASA score,disease stage,adjuvant chemotherapy,and treatment in a colorectal unit (Hazards ratio:0.67;95 % CI:0.53 to 0.84,P =0.0005),as significant independent predictors of survival. CONCLUSION:The results suggest that there may be a survival advantage for patients with colon and rectal cancers being treated within a specialist colorectal surgical unit.

关键词： Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Colorectal Neoplasms Colorectal Surgery Comparative Study Female Hospitals, Community Hospitals, Teaching Humans Male Middle Aged Surgery Survival Rate Treatment Outcome Western Australia

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Crohn's disease genotypes of patients in remission vs relapses after infliximab discontinuation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第36期18卷 5058-5064页

作者： Cathy Lu Alistair Waugh Robert J Bailey Raeleen Cherry Levinus A Dieleman Leah Gramlich Kata Matic Mario Millan karen I Kroeker Daniel Sadowski Christopher W Teshima Dennis Todoruk Clarence wong karen wong Richard N Fedorak Division of Gastroenterology Zeidler Ledcor CenterUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Royal Alexandra HospitalEdmontonAB T5H 3V9Canada Division of Gastroenterology Grey Nuns HospitalEdmontonAB T6L 5X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Misericordia HospitalEdmontonAB T5R 4H5Canada

AIM： To investigate genetic differences between Crohn＇s disease （CD） patients with a sustained remission vs relapsers after discontinuing infliximab while in cortico- steroid-free remission. METHODS： Forty-eight CD patients received infliximab and were in full corticosteroid-free clinical remission but then discontinued infliximab for reasons other than a loss of response, were identified by review of an electronic database and charts. Infliximab-associated remis- sion was defined as corticosteroid-free plus normaliza- tion of clinical disease activity [CD activity index （CDAI）〈 150] during follow-up visits based on physician global assessments. A CD relapse （loss of infliximab-induced remission） was clinically defined as a physician visit for symptoms of disease activity （CDAI 〉 220） and a thera- peutic intervention with CD medication（s）, or a hospital- ization with complications related to active CD. Genetic analyses were performed on samples from 14 patients （n = 6 who had a sustained long term remission after stopping infliximab, n -- 8 who rapidly relapsed after stopping infliximab）. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 （NOD2）/caspase activation recruitment do- main 15 （CARD15） polymorphisms （R702W, G908R and L1007fs） and the inflammatory bowel disease 5 （IBDS） polymorphisms （IGR2060a1 and IGR3081a1） were ana- lyzed in each group. RESULTS： Five single nucleotide polymorphisms of IBD5 and NOD2/CARD15 genes were successfully analyzed for all 14 subjects. There was no signifcant increase in frequency of the NOD2/CARD15 polymor- phisms （R702W, G908R and L1007fs） and the IBD5 polymorphisms （IGR2060al and IGR3081a1） in either group of patients; those whose disease relapsed rap- idly or those who remained in sustained long term remission following the discontinuation of infliximab. Nearly a third of patients in full clinical remission who stopped infliximab for reasons other than loss of re- sponse remained in sustained clinical remission, while two-thirds rel

关键词： Infliximab Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha Crohn's disease Inflammatory bowel disease Genotype

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Magnesium-based Polycaprolactone Porous Bone Scaffold for Large Bone Defect Management

Magnesium-based Polycaprolactone Porous Bone Scaffold for La...

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第二届海峡两岸功能材料科技与产业峰会（2015）

作者： wong karen Chu Paul Luk Keith Cheung Kenneth Leung Frankie Yeung Kelvin Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology The University of Hong Kong Department of Physics and Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Center of Biomedical Engineering Peking University Shenzhen Institute

INTRODUCTION:Bone autografts and allografts are the gold standard for large bone defect ***,the availability and donor site morbidity during autologous bone graft harvesting procedures and the risk of disease transmission with the use of allografts are ***,synthetic bone scaffolds have been ***,due to the poor mechanical and non-osteoinductive properties of the currently available

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Unexpected guests in the tumor microenvironment:microbiome in cancer

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Protein & Cell 2021年第5期12卷 426-435页

作者： Abigail wong-Rolle Haohan karen Wei Chen Zhao Chengcheng Jin Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health4 Memorial DriveBethesdaMD 20892USA Department of Cancer Biology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania421 Curie Blvd.PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Although intestinal microbiome have been established as an important biomarker and regulator of cancer development and therapeutic response, less is known about the role of microbiome at other body sites in cancer. Emerging evidence has revealed that the local microbiota make up an important part of the tumor microenvironment across many types of cancer, especially in cancers arising from mucosal sites, including the lung, skin and gastrointestinal tract. The populations of bacteria that reside specifically within tumors have been found to be tumor-type specific, and mechanistic studies have demonstrated that tumor-associated microbiota may directly regulate cancer initiation, progression and responses to chemo- or immuno-therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the important literature on the microbiota in the cancerous tissue, and their function and mechanism of action in cancer development and treatment.

关键词： microbiome tumor lung cancer immune system tumor-associated microbiota cancer immunotherapy

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Nationwide retrospective study of hepatitis B virological response and liver stiffness improvement in 465 patients on nucleos(t)ide analogue

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第31期28卷 4390-4398页

作者： Alnoor Ramji karen Doucette Curtis Cooper Gerald Yosel Minuk Mang Ma Alexander wong David wong Edward Tam Brian Conway David Truong Philip wong Lisa Barrett Hin Hin Ko Sarah Haylock-Jacobs Nishi Patel Gilaad G Kaplan Scott Fung Carla S Coffin Department of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver v6t 1z3Canada Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmonton t6g 2r7Canada Department of Medicine The Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawa ON K1H 8L6Canada Department of Medicine University of ManitobaWinnipeg r3e 3j7Canada Department of Medicine University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon s7n 5e5Canada Department of Medicine University Health NetworkToronto m5g 2c4Canada Pacific Gastroenterology Associates Vancouver v6z 2k5Canada Vancouver Infectious Disease Centre Vancouver v6z 2c7Canada Department of Medicine McGill UniversityMontreal h3a 0g4Canada Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie UniversityHalifax b3h 4r2Canada Cumming School of Medicine University of CalgaryCalgary t2n 1n4Canada

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus(HBV)nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)therapy reduces liver disease but requires prolonged therapy to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)*** is limited North American real-world data using non-invasive tools for fibrosis assessment and few have compared 1st generation NA or lamivudine(LAM)to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF).AIM To assess impact of NA on virological response and fibrosis regression using liver stiffness measurement(LSM)(i.e.,FibroScan®).METHODS Retrospective,observational cohort study from the Canadian HBV *** collected included demographics,NA,HBV DNA,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),and *** were HBV monoinfected patients,treatment naïve,and received 1 NA with minimum 1 year *** In 465(median 49 years,37%female,35%hepatitis B e antigen+at baseline,84%Asian,6%White,and 9%Black).Percentage of 64(n=299)received TDF and 166 were LAM-treated with similar median duration of 3.9 and 3.7 years,*** mean baseline LSM was 11.2 kPa(TDF)vs 8.3 kPa(LAM)(P=0.003).At 5-year follow-up,the mean LSM was 7.0 kPa in TDF vs 6.7 kPa in LAM(P=0.83).There was a significant difference in fibrosis regression between groups(i.e.,mean-4.2 kPa change in TDF and-1.6 kPa in LAM,P<0.05).The last available data on treatment showed that all had normal ALT,but more TDF patients were virologically suppressed(<10 IU/mL)(n=170/190,89%)vs LAM-treated(n=35/58,60%)(P<0.05).None cleared *** In this real-world North American study,approximately 5 years of NA achieves liver fibrosis regression rarely leads to HBsAg loss.

关键词： Nucleos(t)ide analog therapy Functional cure Hepatitis B virus surface antigen loss Fibrosis regression Liver stiffness measurement Transient elastography

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NOD-like receptors mediated activation of eosinophils interacting with bronchial epithelial cells： a link between innate immunity and allergic asthma

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第4期10卷 317-329页

作者： Churl Kwok wong Shuiqing Hu karen Ming-Lam Leungt Jie Dong Lan He Yi Jun Chu Ida Miu-Ting Chu Huai-Na Qiu Kelly Yan-Ping Liu ChristopherWai-Kei Lam Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong China Macao Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health Macao University of Science and Technology Taipa Macao China

Key intracytosolic pattern recognition receptors of innate immunity against bacterial infections are nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain （NOD）-Iike receptors （NLRs）. We elucidated the NOD1 and NOD2-mediated activation of human eosinophils, the principal effector cells for allergic inflammation, upon interacting with human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells in allergic asthma. Eosinophils constitutively expressed NOD1,2 but exhibited nonsignificant responses to release chemokines upon the stimulation by NOD1 ligand 7-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid （iE-DAP） and NOD2 ligand muramyl dipeptide （MDP）. However, iE-DAP and MDP could significantly upregulate cell surface expression of CD18 and intercellular adhesion molecule （ICAM）-I on eosinophils and ICAM-1 on BEAS-2B cells, as well as induce chemokines CCL2 and CXCL8 release in the coculture system （all P〈0.05）. Both eosinophils and BEAS-2B cells were the main source for CXCL8 and CCL2 release in the coculture system upon iE-DAP or MDP stimulation. Direct interaction between eosinophils and BEAS-2B cells is responsible for CCL2 release, and soluble mediators are implicated in CXCL8 release. ERK and NF-KB play regulatory roles for the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines in coculture. Treatment with NOD1,2 ligand could induce the subepithelial fibrosis and significantly enhance the serum concentration of total IgE, chemokine CCL5 for eosinophils and T helper type 2 （Th2） cells and asthma Th2 cytokine IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ovalbumin-sensitized allergic asthmatic mice （all P〈0.05）. This study provides further evidence of bacterial infection-mediated activation of NOD1,2 in triggering allergic asthma via the activation of eosinophils interacting with bronchial epithelial cells at inflammatory airway.

关键词： allergy bronchial epithelial cells chemokines eosinophils signal transduction

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Epidemiological characteristics of Asian children with inflammatory bowel disease at diagnosis: Insights from an Asian-Pacific multicentre registry network

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1830-1844页

作者： James Guoxian Huang Yoko Kin Yoke wong Kee Seang Chew Pornthep Tanpowpong karen Sophia Calixto Mercado Almida Reodica Shaman Rajindrajith Kai-Chi Chang Yen-Hsuan Ni Suporn Treepongkaruna Way-Seah Lee Marion Margaret Aw Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute National University Health SystemSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Pediatrics Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Epidemiology Singapore Clinical Research InstituteSingapore 138669Singapore Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversity MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Pediatrics Makati Medical CentreManila 1229Philippines Department of Pediatrics The Medical CityManila 0900Philippines Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboColombo 00800Sri Lanka Department of Pediatrics National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei 100229Taiwan

BACKGROUND There remains a dearth of Asian epidemiological literature for paediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD).AIM To describe the presenting features of PIBD from 7 Asia-Pacific pediatric gastroenterology centers via a central standardised electronic data *** Clinical,endoscopic and radiologic data at diagnosis from the registry were extracted between 1^(st) January 1995 to 31^(st) December *** phenotypic characteristics were classified as per the Paris classification *** There was a distinct rise in new PIBD cases:Nearly half(48.6%)of the cohort was diagnosed in the most recent 5 years(2015-2019).The ratio of Crohn’s disease(CD):Ulcerative colitis(UC):IBDUnclassified was 55.9%:38.3%:5.8%.The mean age was 9.07 years with a high proportion of very early onset IBD(VEO-IBD)(29.3%)and EO-IBD(52.7%).An over-representation of the Indian/South Asian ethnic group was observed which accounted for 37.0% of the overall Singapore/Malaysia subcohort(6.8%-9.0%Indians in census).Indian/South Asian CD patients were also most likely to present with symptomatic perianal disease(P=0.003).CD patients presented with significantly more constitutional symptoms(fever,anorexia,malaise/fatigue and muscle-wasting)than UC and higher inflammatory indices(higher C-reactive protein and lower albumin levels).CONCLUSION We observed a high incidence of VEO-IBD and an over-representation of the Indian *** Asian CD patients were more likely to have symptomatic perianal disease.

关键词： Asia Inflammatory bowel disease Paediatrics Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Registry

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Mapping HⅠ in the NGC 4636 Galaxy Group with FAST

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第9期22卷 202-222页

作者： Pei Zuo Dong Yang Jing Wang Lister Staveley-Smith Xuchen Lin Bi-Qing For Tobias Westmeier Jie Wang Kristine Spekkens Virginia Kilborn O.Ivy wong Di Li karen Lee-Waddell Barbara Catinella Luis C.Ho Barbel Koribalski Bumhyun Lee Ming Zhu Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research(ICRAR) University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions(ASTRO 3D) Australia National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Physics and Space Science Royal Military College of CanadaP.O.Box 17000Station ForcesKingstonOntarioK7K 7B4Canada Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of TechnologyJohn StreetHawthorn3122Australia CSIRO Space and Astronomy Australia Telescope National FacilityP.O.Box 1130BentleyWA6102Australia Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China CSIRO Space and Astronomy Australia Telecope National FacilityP.O.Box 76NSW 1710Australia School of Science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daejeon 34055Republic of Korea

This paper presents data from a 21 cm H I emission drift scan observation of a field partially covering the NGC 4636 galaxy group with the Five-hundred meter Aperture Radio Telescope(FAST). We construct a pipeline to reduce the data, and use So Fi A for source finding. When not contaminated by Radio Frequency Interference(RFI), the FAST observations are capable of detecting all of the galaxies previously detected by the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA(ALFALFA) survey in the same region. Comparing to ALFALFA for the detections in common, the FAST data show consistent integrated spectra when the H I disks are spatially unresolved, and capture more flux when the H I disks are resolved. The FAST data further reveal 10 new detections in the region mutually covered with ALFALFA, and 18 new detections beyond the footprint of ALFALFA. All of the new detections have the matching optical counterparts. For the member galaxies of the NGC 4636 group, the detection limit of FAST is deeper by 0.4 dex in H I mass than that of the ALFALFA data. After correcting for the incompleteness caused by RFI contamination, we show that the H I detection rate of galaxies rises steeply with radius out to the virial radius of the group, and flattens beyond that. We also examine four spatially resolved galaxy systems with potential tidal interaction features in detail. Considering that the data have been taken during the“shared-risk” period before a major source of local RFI was eliminated, the results highlight the power of FAST in detecting extragalactic H I.

关键词： Galaxy:evolution atomic data galaxies:groups:general

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Spectroscopic Sensing Characteristics of Novel Osmium Carbonyl Complexes to DNA and Other Polyanions

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2021年第7期12卷 277-293页

作者： Gregory Ostner Cody Piotrowski Xinyao Ren Yu Lei Mehrun Uddin Stacey wong karen Chen Lan Pham Elise Megehee Enju Wang Department of Chemistry St. John’s University Jamaica USA

In this research, the absorbance and luminescence response of two osmium(II) phenathrane (phen) carbonyl complexes to various DNA, heparin and i-carrageenan polyanions were studied. The [Os(phen)2CO(L)]2+ complexes with L either a 4-phenyl pyridine (4-phpy) or phenyl imidazole (phimd) group exhibit moderate luminescent intensity in the visible region, their intensities are highly altered by the addition of DNA and other polyanion samples. These luminescent responses to polyanions were also compared with the [Ru(phen)3]2+ complex. In ethanol solution, the presence of polyanions significantly enhanced the luminescent emission intensity of [Os(phen)2CO(L)]2+ complexes with a blue shift. While the polyanions all showed emission enhancement on the highly lumi-nescent [Ru(phen)3]2+ complex in ethanol solution with a red spectra shift. The [Os(phen)2CO(L)] 2+ with (phimd) ligand has the lowest emission in ethanol solution, its intensity can be enhanced up to 11 times in the presence of DNA polyanions. This enhancement for all the complexes in ethanol is mainly due to their electrostatic interaction with the anion sites and with some degree of ligand intercalation into the polyanion hydrophobic structure which reduced the solvent quenching of the complexes. The blue shift of the (4-phpy) and particularly (phimd) Os(II)CO complexes indicate an insertion of the (4-phpy) or (phimd) group into the polymer chains. The two new Os(II)CO complexes has great potential to be used as luminescence sensors for DNA and polyanion detection in the low micro molar range with high sensitivity.

关键词： Os(II)CO Complex Absorbance Luminescence Spectroscopy DNA and Polyanion Sensing

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Pandemic of the aging society—sporadic cerebral small vessel disease

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第2期134卷 143-150页

作者： Alexander Yuk Lun Lau Bonaventure Yiu Ming Ip Ho Ko Bonnie Yin Ka Lam Lin Shi karen Ka Yan Ma Lisa Wing Chi Au Yannie Oi Yan Soo Thomas Wai Hong Leung Adrian wong Vincent Chung Tong Mok Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre Faculty of MedicineLui Che Woo Institute of Innovative MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Faculty of Medicine School of Biomedical SciencesLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Margaret Cheung K.L.Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdongChina.

Age-related sporadic cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD)has gained increasing attention over the past decades because of its increasing prevalence associated with an aging *** widespread application of and advances in brain magnetic resonance imaging in recent decades have significantly increased researchers’understanding in the in vivo evolution of CSVD,its impact upon the brain,its risk factors,and the mechanisms that explain the various clinical manifestation associated with sporadic *** this review,we aimed to provide an update on the pathophysiology,risk factors,biomarkers,and the determinants and spectrum of the clinical manifestation of sporadic CSVD.

关键词： Cerebral small vessel disease Clinical spectrum Pathophysiology

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