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Evaluation of Size Structure in Freshwater Cyanobacterial Populations: Methods to Quantify Risk Associated with Changes in Biomass and Microcystin Concentrations

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第6期11卷 810-829页

作者： Nancy J. Leland James F. Haney Kristin Conte karen malkus-benjamin Bryan Horsely Lim-Tex North Andover MA USA Department of Zoology University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA Manchester Water Works Manchester NH USA Town of Barnstable Barnstable MA USA Association to Preserve Cape Cod Dennis MA USA

Cyanobacterial populations in surface waters, including drinking water supplies and recreational waters, represent an ever present challenge for resource managers. As communities continuously respond to external and internal processes, dynamic profiles of composition, dominance, growth and toxigenicity emerge. In this study measures of size structure and biomass, quantified using light microscopy and fluorometry, were used to estimate microcystin concentrations through linear regression analysis. Toxigenic profiles using cyanobacterial biomass were developed for lakes dominated by Microcystis spp. and Dolichospermum spp., influenced by both genus-specific pigment concentrations as well as microcystin concentrations. Community composition (Log %MIC) and biomass were used to describe microcystin concentrations in mixed assemblages, where composition was the first input variable. The accessory photopigment phycocyanin was used to describe the linear relationship between the daily growth and net microcystin production rates in the bloom-forming Microcystis spp. samples, suggesting that this size-fractionated sample may provide indications of potential toxigenicity in the whole lake water sample. Future investigations using fluorometric evaluation of cyanobacterial populations could provide additional applications and metrics for use by resource managers to quantify risk association with elevated cyanotoxin concentrations.

关键词： Microcystis Dolichospermum Phycocyanin Microcystins Growth Rates

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Reviewing guppy color vision： integrating the molecular and physiological variation in visual tuning of a classic system for sensory drive

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 535-545页

作者： benjamin SANDKAM Brian DALTON Felix BREDEN karen CARLETON Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC VSA 1S6 Canada

Sensory drive predicts coevolution of mate choice signals with the sensory systems detecting those signals. Guppies are a classic model for sensory drive as mate preferences based on coloration differ across individuals and populations. A large body of work has identified variation in color vision, yet we lack a direct tie between how such variation in color vision influences variation in color preference. Here we bring together studies that have investigated guppy vision over the past 40 years to: (1) highlight our current understanding of where variation occurs in the guppy color vision pathway and (2) suggest future avenues of research into sources of visual system variation that could influence guppy color preference. This will allow researchers to design careful studies that couple measures of color preference with measures of visual system variation from the same individual or population. Such studies will finally provide important answers as to what sets the direction and speed of mate preference evolution via sensory drive.

关键词：颜色视觉开车经典系统分子集成生理配偶选择视觉系统

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The Role of Quality Control in Targeted Next-generation Sequencing Library Preparation

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2016年第4期14卷 200-206页

作者： Rouven Nietsch Jan Haas Alan Lai Daniel Oehler Stefan Mester karen S. Frese Farbod Sedaghat-Hamedani Elham Kayvanpour Andreas Keller benjamin Meder Institute for Cardiomyopathies Department of Internal Medicine IIIUniversity of Heidelberg69120 HeidelbergGermany German Centre for Cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Heidelberg/MannheimGermany Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics Medical FacultySaarland University66123 SaarbruckenGermany

Next-generation sequencing （NGS） is getting routinely used in the diagnosis of hereditary diseases, such as human cardiomyopathies. Hence. it is of utter importance to secure high quality sequencing data, enabling the identification of disease-relevant mutations or the conclusion of negative test results. During the process of sample preparation, each protocol for target enrichment library preparation has its own requirements for quality control （QC）; however, there is little evi- dence on the actual impact of these guidelines on resulting data quality. In this study, we analyzed the impact of QC during the diverse library preparation steps of Agilent SureSelect XT target enrichment and lllumina sequencing. We quantified the parameters for a cohort of around 600 samples, which include starting amount of DNA, amount of sheared DNA, smallest and largest fragment size of the starting DNA; amount of DNA after the pre-PCR, and smallest and largest fragment size of the resulting DNA; as well as the amount of the final library, the corresponding smallest and largest fragment size, and the number of detected variants. Intriguingly, there is a high tolerance for variations in all QC steps, meaning that within the boundaries proposed in the current study, a considerable variance at each step of QC can be well tolerated without compromising NGS quality.

关键词： Next-generation sequencing Quality control Library preparation Target enrichment Sequence variants

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苯基功能化介孔二氧化硅薄膜

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稀有金属材料与工程 2008年第A2期37卷 1-7页

作者： benjamin M.D.O'Driscoll Adrian M. Hawley Stephen J. Roser karen J. Edler 巴斯大学化学系

采用共凝法制备了自发形成的苯基功能化的介孔二氧化硅薄膜。利用中子反射技术及布儒斯特角显微镜(Brewster Angle Microscopy)检测所得薄膜,并利用中子小角散射技术检测溶液中的胶束。结果表明:随着苯基功能化先驱体含量的增多,薄膜发... 详细信息

采用共凝法制备了自发形成的苯基功能化的介孔二氧化硅薄膜。利用中子反射技术及布儒斯特角显微镜(Brewster Angle Microscopy)检测所得薄膜,并利用中子小角散射技术检测溶液中的胶束。结果表明:随着苯基功能化先驱体含量的增多,薄膜发生结构损失,这种变化会附有非团聚双层结构的形成。当苯基含量较高时,该双层结构随表面活性剂烷基链的倾斜而稳定。上述结果均同制备含筒状胶束薄膜的无烷基系统形成进行了对比。

关键词：薄膜二氧化硅共凝法

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Maize Carbohydrate Partitioning Defective33 Encodes an MCTP Protein and Functions in Sucrose Export from Leaves

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Molecular Plant 2019年第9期12卷 1278-1293页

作者： Thu M.Tran Tyler J.McCubbin Saadia Bihmidine benjamin T.Julius R.Frank Baker Martin Schauflinger Clifford Weil Nathan Springer Paul Chomet Ruth Wagner Jeff Woessner karen Grote Jeanette Peevers Thomas L.Slewinski David M.Braun Division of Biological Sciences’Interdisciplinary Plant Group Missouri Maize CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Electron Microscopy Core Facility University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Agronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA NRGene Inc. 8910 University Center Lane\r\n S u ite 400San DiegoCA 92122USA Bayer Crop Science ChesterfieldMO 63017USA National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology Agricultural Genetics InstituteHanoiVietnam

To sustain plant growth,development,and crop yield,sucrose must be transported from leaves to distant parts of the plant,such as seeds and *** identify genes that regulate sucrose accumulation and transport in maize(Zea mays),we isolated carbo/iydrafe part/f/ofi/ngf defecf/Ve33(cpd33),a recessive mutant that accumulated excess starch and soluble sugars in mature *** cpd33 mutants also exhibited chlorosis in the leaf blades,greatly diminished plant growth,and reduced ***33 encodes a protein containing multiple C2 domains and transmembrane *** localization experiments showed the CPD33 protein localized to plasmodesmata(PD),the plasma membrane,and the endoplasmic *** also found that a loss-of-function mutant of the CPD33 homolog in Arabidopsis,QUIRKY,had a similar carbohydrate hyperaccumulation *** labeled sucrose transport assays showed that sucrose export was significantly lower in cpd33 mutant leaves relative to wild-type ***,PD transport in the adaxial-abaxial direction was unaffected in cpd33 mutant ***,transmission electron microscopy revealed fewer PD at the companion cell-sieve element interface in mutant phloem tissue,providing a possible explanation for the reduced sucrose export in mutant ***,our results suggest that CPD33 functions to promote symplastic transport into sieve elements.

关键词： carbohydrate accumulation companion cells phloem, plasmodesmata sieve elements symplastictransport

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Hypertension and intracerebral hemorrhage in Brazzaville

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第9期3卷 523-528页

作者： Thierry Raoul Gombet Paul Macaire Ossou-Nguiet Thibaut Naibe Gankama Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga-Mbolla Gilbert Fabrice Otiobanda karen Obondzo-Aloba benjamin Longo-Mbenza Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Service of Emergency University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville Brazzaville CongoService of Cardiology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Department of Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences of Brazzaville Brazzaville CongoService of Neurology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Faculty of Health Sciences Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Service of Cardiology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Service of Neurology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Service of Reanimation University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Hypertension is not only an important risk factor, but also an important cause of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Its high prevalence in Africa reflects a high incidence of cerebral hemorrhage ranging from 30% to 60% against 10% to 20% in industrialized countries. The aim of our study was to determine the role of hypertension before the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage and its variations during the first three months. This was a longitudinal study conducted at the University Hospital of Brazzaville from 1st January to 31st August 2012 with all patients admitted for intracerebral hemorrhage. Patients with subarachnoid or pure intraventricular hemorrhage were excluded. The study variables were: history of hypertension, knowledge of its history, treatment, blood pressure on admission and during the first 3 months and the relationship between blood pressure and evolution. Statistical analysis was performed using the software SPSSS 16.1. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. During the study 261 patients were hospitalized for stroke, of which 82 (31.42%) were for intracerebral hemorrhage. The mean age was 55 ± 11 years and sex ratio of 2 men:1 woman. Hypertension was found in 80.5% of cases, of which 65.2% had known hypertension, but 82.6% had discontinued treatment. The mean systolic blood pressure was 194 ± 41 mm Hg and diastolic 104 ± 20 mm Hg. The location was deep in 85.71%. The normalization of blood pressure was obtained from the second week. After adjusting for confounders using logistic analysis, only uncontrolled hypertension was associated significantly and independently associated with a higher mortality rate (p = 0.042).

关键词： Hypertension Cerebral Hemorrhage Brazzaville

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Role of β-microseminoprotein from prostate cancer initiationto recurrence: A mini-review

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第1期3卷 20-30页

作者： Nishi Karunasinghe karen Bishop Pamela Murray Yuanye Xu Megan Goudie Lance Ng Shuotun Zhu Dug Yeo Han Lynnette R Ferguson Jonathan Masters Benji benjamin Michael Holmes Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences The University of Auckland Discipline of Nutrition Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences The University of Auckland Urology Department Auckland Hospital Radiology Department Auckland Hospital Urology Department Waikato Hospital

Medline/Pubmed articles relevant to this topic were considered using the search terms ?-microseminoprotein, MSMB, prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids and PSP94. Full articles were retrieved when the abstract was considered relevant. In addition, other data related to this topic including our own are discussed. Summary of fi ndings-?-microseminoprotein(MSMB) is increasingly being considered as a marker for prostatecancer, as reduced levels have been associated with the disease. Here we review various aspects of this protein including its biological and physiological variants, binding proteins and immune modulation; its importance as a marker for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer; prostate cancer related splice variants and its therapeutic utility. Two of the most important properties of MSMB are related to anticancer functions and immune modulation. Predominant expression of two(short and full-length) splice variants of MSMB has been observed from normal prostate and several other tissues. In benign prostate hyperplasia the short isoform is dominant, constituting 98% of this isoform, whereas in prostate cancer 96% constitute the fulllength isoform. The MSMB promoter single nucleotide polymorphism rs10993994 with the C allele functions as an activated cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein binding site. This C variant of rs10993994 could be responsible for the production of splice variants under variable conditions. MSMB has binding motifs to a few known proteins including immunoglobulin G and several Cysteine-rich secretory proteins family proteins. MSMB bound to these proteins is considered as immune modulating. Use of MSMB as a urinary marker for detecting aggressive prostate cancers that could resist radiation and surgical treatments, seems possible, but needs further investigation. The ratio of MSMB splice variants could also be a possible approach in understanding prostate cancers, with higher ratios indicating severe di

关键词： β-microseminoprotein Anticancer properties Immune modulation Splice variants Promoter single nucleotide polymorphism rs10993994 Biochemical recurrence

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