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Neonatal lamb mortality:major risk factors and the potential ameliorative role of melatonin

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 451-461页

作者： Tom Flinn David O.Kleemann Alyce m.Swinbourne Jennifer m.Kelly Alice C.Weaver Simon K.Walker Kathryn L.Gatford karen L.Kind William H.E.J.van Wettere Davies Livestock Research Centre School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesThe University of AdelaideRoseworthySAAustralia Turretfield Research Centre South Australian Research and Development InstituteRosedaleSAAustralia Robinson Research Institute Adelaide Medical SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia

High incidences of pre-weaning mortality continue to limit global sheep production,constituting a major economic and welfare *** significant advances in genetics,nutrition,and management,the proportion of lamb deaths has remained stable at 15–20%over the past four *** is mounting evidence that melatonin can improve outcomes in compromised ovine pregnancies via enhanced uterine bloodflow and neonatal *** review provides an overview of the major risk factors and underlying mechanisms involved in perinatal lamb mortality and discusses the potential of melatonin treatment as a remedial *** pregnant ewes with melatonin enhances uterine bloodflow and fetal oxygenation,and potentially birthweight and neonatal thermogenic *** freely crosses the ovine placenta and blood-brain barrier and provides neuroprotection to the fetal lamb during periods of chronic and acute hypoxia throughout gestation,with improved behavioural outcomes in hypoxic *** current literature provides strong evidence that maternal melatonin treatment improves outcomes for lambs which experience compromised in utero development or prolonged parturition,though to date this has not been investigated in livestock production *** such there is a clear basis for continued research into the effects of maternal melatonin supplementation during gestation on pre-weaning survival under extensive production conditions.

关键词： Lamb survival melatonin Neonatal mortality Reproduction Sheep

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Disturbance increases high tide travel distance of a roosting shorebird but only marginally affects daily energy expenditure

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Avian Research 2019年第3期10卷 294-304页

作者： Hans Linssen martijn van de Pol Andrew m.Allen mitzi Jans Bruno J.Ens karen L.Krijgsveld magali Frauendorf Henk-Jan van der Kolk Department of Animal Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology6708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research6708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Centre for Avian Population Studies Droevendaalsesteeg 106708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology Radboud University6500GL NijmegenThe Netherlands Sovon-Texel Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology1790AB Den BurgThe Netherlands Nature Bureau Royal Netherlands Air Force4820BB BredaThe Netherlands

Background:Anthropogenic disturbance can negatively affect an animal's energy budget by evoking movement *** research focuses mainly on immediate displacement as a disturbance effect,since this can be easily observed in the field. However, effects on movement over longer timescales are poorly examined and it is largely unknown if and to what extent they reflect immediate ***-term responses could for example be larger than immediate responses if birds, after disturbance, return to the original location and thereby travel twice the immediate disturbed distance. methods:We combined GPS tracking data with observational data to quantify the effects of anthropogenic (air force and walkers) and non-anthropogenic disturbances on distances travelled by roosting Eurasian Oystercatchers (Haematopus ostralegus) during the non-breeding season. We compared immediate displacement after a disturbance with distance travelled during the entire high tide period (longer-term response), while accounting for environmental ***,we calculated energy expenditure due to disturbance based on observed disturbance ***:Disturbance resulted in an immediate displacement response of ~200 m (median).Air force disturbances tended to yield larger immediate responses than walker and,especially,than non-anthropogenic ***-term responses and immediate responses were approximately similar,suggesting that,over longer timescales,spatial disturbance effects in the study area remain confined to immediate ***,disturbances were infrequent (0.17 disturbances per bird per hour) and most disturbances were of natural origin (62%).Consequently, anthropogenic disturbance of roosting oystercatchers in the study area on average costs 0.08% of the daily energy expenditure. Conclusions:Our results suggest that immediate spatial responses to disturbance can be a useful proxy for spatial responses over longer *** the non-exha

关键词： Biologging Disturbance Haematopus ostralegus High tide roost movement ecology Shorebird

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Epidemiology of work-related hand and wrist injuries in a referral center: A descriptive study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 650-659页

作者： Angélica m Rodríguez Ginna P Tocanchón Jessica T Villalba Luis m Pombo Aníbal A Teherán Gabriel Camero-Ramos karen P Ayala Gerhard m Acero Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Red Cross Cruz Roja Colombiana-Seccional Cundinamarca BogotáBogotá111221Colombia Vigilancia Epidemiológica Instituto Nacional de SaludBogotá111321Colombia

BACKGROUND Occupational hand and wrist injuries(OHWIs)account for 25%of work-related accidents in low-and middle-income *** Colombia,more than 500000 occupational accidents occurred in 2021,and although the rate declined to less than 5%in 2020 and 2021,at least one in four accidents involved a hand or wrist *** To describe the OHWIs in workers seen at the emergency room at a second-level hospital in *** An observational study was performed using data from workers who experienced OHWIs and attended a second-level hospital,between June,2020 and may,*** overall frequency of OHWIs,as well as their distribution by sociodemo-graphic,clinical,and occupational variables,are ***,association patterns between sex,anatomical area(fingers,hand,wrist),and type of job were analyzed by correspondence analysis(CA).RESULTS There were 2.101 workers treated for occupational accidents,423(20.3%)were cases of OHWIs,which mainly affected men(93.9%)with a median age of 31 years and who worked mainly in mining(75.9%).OHWIs were more common in the right upper extremity(55.3%)and comprised different types of injuries,such as contusion(42.1%),laceration(27.9%),fracture(18.7%),and crush injury(15.6%).They primarily affected the phalanges(95.2%),especially those of the first finger(25.7%).The CAs showed associations between the injured anatomical area and the worker’s job that differed in men and women(explained variance>90%).CONCLUSION One out of five workers who suffered occupational accidents in Cundinamarca,Columbia had an OHWI,affecting mainly males employed in *** occupational profile is likely to lead to prolonged rehabilitation,and permanent functional *** results might be useful for adjusting preventive measures in cluster risk groups.

关键词： Accidents Occupational Epidemiology Hand injuries Wrist injuries Occupational health

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Gastric emptying, postprandial blood pressure, glycaemia and splanchnic flow in Parkinson's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第20期22卷 4860-4867页

作者： Laurence G Trahair Thomas E Kimber Katerina Flabouris michael Horowitz karen L Jones Discipline of medicine The University of Adelaide NHmRC Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health The University of Adelaide Neurology Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital

AIm: To determine gastric emptying, blood pressure, mesenteric artery blood flow, and blood glucose responses to oral glucose in Parkinson’s ***: Twenty-one subjects (13 m, 8 F; age 64.2 ± 1.6 years) with mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease (Hoehn and Yahr score 1.4 ± 0.1, duration of known disease 6.3 ± 0.9 years) consumed a 75 g glucose drink, labelled with 20 mBq 99mTc-calcium phytate. Gastric emptying was quantified with scintigraphy, blood pressure and heart rate with an automated device, superior mesenteric artery blood flow by Doppler ultrasonography and blood glucose by glucometer for 180 min. Autonomic nerve function was evaluated with cardiovascular reflex tests and upper gastrointestinal symptoms by ***: The mean gastric half-emptying time was 106 ± 9.1 min, gastric emptying was abnormally delayed in 3 subjects (14%). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell (P mesenteric blood flow and blood glucose (P mic neuropathy and 8 (38%) had postprandial hypotension. There were no significant relationships between changes in blood pressure, heart rate or mesenteric artery blood flow with gastric emptying. Gastric emptying was related to the score for autonomic nerve function (R = 0.55, P min (R = -0.52, P min was related directly (R = 0.49, P mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease, gastric emptying is related to autonomic dysfunction and a determinant of the glycaemic response to oral glucose.

关键词： Gastric emptying Hypotension Parkinson’ s disease Blood pressure Glucose

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Applying Dynamic modeling methods to IH 35 Through Austin:Exploring Options for Addressing Future Congestion

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International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 2015年第3期4卷 257-276页

作者： Jeffrey Shelton karen Lorenzini Gabriel(Alex)Valdez Tom Williams Texas A&m Transportation Institute 4050 Rio Bravo DriveSuite 212El PasoTX 79902 Texas Department of Transportation 125 East 11th StreetAustinTX 78701 Texas A&m Transportation Institute 505 E.Huntland DriveAustinTX 78752

The City of Austin is among the fastest-growing cities in the U.S.,with the surrounding counties keeping a similar *** times from downtown Austin to Round Rock,where many commuters live,currently range from 45 to 60 minutes during the average afternoon rush ***-makers have expressed a need to examine long-term solutions for IH 35 to explore concepts discussed under previous *** study applied dynamic traffic assignment coupled with static and dynamic tolling analysis,user class restrictions and multi-class simulation and assignment to examine various long-term scenarios with potential to address growing congestion on this critical *** findings were illuminating:if residential and employment growth continue on their current pace through 2035,the region wide dynamic traffic assignment results applied at the mesoscopic level in this study demonstrate that Central Texas faces a grim future of extreme traffic congestion on IH *** an added capacity scenario was identified which can address future IH 35 congestion in some instances,it is of questionable viability for *** scenario with the largest capacity addition did not provide the best results due to limited accessibility and only when the limits were extended dramatically,did researchers find more positive congestion ***,this scenario would be the highest investment and would probably be deemed infeasible simply due to cost.A more positive finding was that a hybrid strategy of added capacity,dynamic tolling,and travel demand management solutions demonstrates even greater *** all options were considered,it was realized that added capacity would not be enough;it would need to be coupled with managed lanes,changes in travel behavior,more efficient land use,demand management and increased transit use.

关键词： Austin assignment travel

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Age as a predictor of clinical outcomes and determinant of therapeutic measures for emergency medical services treated cardiogenic shock

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第1期20卷 1-10页

作者： Xiaoman Xiao Jason E Bloom Emily Andrew Luke P Dawson Ziad Nehme michael Stephenson David Anderson Himawan Fernando Samer Noaman Shelley Cox William Chan David m Kaye karen Smith Dion Stub Department of Cardiology Alfred Health55 Commercial RoadMelbourneAustralia Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial RoadMelbourneAustralia Department of Cardiology Western HealthFurlong RoadSt AlbansAustralia Ambulance Victoria 31 Joseph StreetBlackburnAustralia School of Public Health and Preventive medicine Monash University553 St Kilda RoadMelbourneAustralia Department of Paramedicine Monash UniversityMcMahons RoadFrankstonAustralia

BACKGROUND The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock(CS)is poorly described in the pre-hospital *** assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services(EmS).mETHODS This population-based cohort study included consecutive adult patients with CS transported to hospital by *** linked patients were stratified into tertiles by age(18-63,64-77,and>77 years).Predictors of 30-day mortality were assessed through regression *** primary outcome was 30-day all-cause *** A total of 3523 patients with CS were successfully linked to state health *** average age was 68±16 years and 1398(40%)were *** patients were more likely to have comorbidities including pre-existing coronary artery disease,hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and cerebrovascular *** incidence of CS was significantly greater with increasing age(incidence rate per 100,000 person years 6.47[95%CI:6.1-6.8]in age 18-63 years,34.34[32.4-36.4]in age 64-77 years,74.87[70.6-79.3]in age>77 years,Pmortality with increasing age *** adjustment,compared to the lowest age tertile,patients aged>77 years had increased risk of 30-day mortality(adjusted hazard ratio=2.26[95%CI:1.96-2.60]).Older patients were less likely to receive inpatient coronary *** Older patients with EmS-treated CS have significantly higher rates of short-term *** reduced rates of invasive interventions in older patients underscore the need for further development of systems of care to improve outcomes for this patient group.

关键词： assessed services shock

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Individual differences of maladaptive brain changes in migraine and their relationship with differential effectiveness of treatments

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Brain Science Advances 2019年第4期5卷 239-255页

作者： karen m.von Deneen Ling Zhao Jixin Liu Center for Brain Imaging School of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi'an 710126ShaanxiChina Engineering Research Center of molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of EducationXi'an 710126ShaanxiChina Acupuncture and Tuina School Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075SichuanChina

migraine is a difficult disorder to identify with regard to its pathophysiological mechanisms,and its treatment has been primarily difficult owing to interindividual *** rates of nonresponsiveness to medications are common,making migraine treatment *** this review,we systematically analyzed recent studies concerning neuroimaging findings regarding the neurophysiology of *** linked the current imaging research with anecdotal evidence from interindividual factors such as duration and pain intensity of migraine,age,gender,hormonal interplay,and *** factors suggested the use of nonpharmacological therapies such as transcranial magnetic stimulation,transcranial direct current stimulation,and placebo therapy for the treatment of ***,we discussed how interindividual differences are related to such nondrug treatments.

关键词： migraine nonpharmacological treatment individual differences neuroimaging

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Serum outperforms plasma in small extracellular vesicle microRNA biomarker studies of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2570-2583页

作者： karen Chiam George C mayne Tingting Wang David I Watson Tanya S Irvine Tim Bright Lorelle T Smith Imogen A Ball Joanne m Bowen Dorothy m Keefe Sarah K Thompson Damian J Hussey Discipline of Surgery College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5042Australia Flinders Health and medical Research Institute Cancer Program College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia Discipline of Surgery The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Adelaide medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Health Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)are potential biomarkers for many ***,they can originate from non-disease specific sources,such as blood cells,and compromise the investigations for miRNA *** small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)have been suggested to provide a purer source of circulating miRNAs for biomarkers discovery,the most suitable blood sample for sEV miRNA biomarker studies has not been *** To compare the mi RNA profiles between matched serum and plasma s EV preparations to determine their suitability for biomarker *** matched serum and plasma samples were obtained from 10 healthy controls and10 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma.s EV isolates were prepared from serum and plasma using Exo Quick Tm and quantified using Nano *** was extracted from s EV preparations with the mi RNeasy Serum/Plasma kit and profiled using the Taqman Openarray q *** overall mi RNA content and theexpression of specific mi RNAs of reported vesicular and non-vesicular origins were compared between serum and plasma s EV *** diagnostic performance of a previously identified multi-mi RNA biomarker panel for esophageal adenocarcinoma was also *** The overall mi RNA content was higher in plasma s EV preparations(480 mi RNAs)and contained 97.5%of the mi RNAs found in the serum s EV preparations(412 mi RNAs).The expression of commonly expressed mi RNAs was highly correlated(Spearman’s R=0.87,Pma and serum s EV preparations,but was consistently higher in the plasma s EV *** blood-cell mi RNAs(hsa-mi R-223-3 p,hsa-mi R-451 a,mi R-19 b-3 p,hsa-mi R-17-5 p,hsa-mi R-30 b-5 p,hsa-mi R-106 a-5 p,hsa-mi R-150-5 p and hsa-mi R-92 a-3 p)were expressed at 2.7 to 9.6 fold higher levels in the plasma s EV preparations compared to serum s EV preparations(Pma s EV preparations,the percentage of protein-associated mi RNAs expressed at relatively higher levels(Ct

关键词： Biomarkers Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Circulating microRNA microRNAs Plasma Serum Blood cells Real-time polymerase chain reaction Adenocarcinoma of esophagus

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Computed tomography of Crohn's disease:The role of three dimensional technique

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World Journal of Radiology 2013年第5期5卷 193-201页

作者： Siva P Raman karen m Horton Elliot K Fishman Department of Radiology Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineJohns Hoplins Outpatient CenterBaltimoreMD 21287United States

Crohn's disease,a transmural inflammatory bowel disease,remains a difficult entity to diagnose *** the last decade,multidetector computed tomography(CT) has become the method of choice for noninvasive evaluation of the small bowel,and has proved to be of significant value in the diagnosis of Crohn's *** in CT enterography protocol design,three dimensional(3-D) post-processing software,and CT scanner technology have allowed increasing accuracy in diagnosis,and the acquisition of studies at a much lower radiation *** cases in this review will illustrate that the use of 3-D technique,proper enterography protocol design,and a detailed understanding of the different manifestations of Crohn's disease are all critical in properly diagnosing the full range of possible complications in Crohn's *** particular,CT enterography has proven to be effective in identifying involvement of the small and large bowel(including active inflammation,stigmata of chronic inflammation,and Crohn's-related bowel neoplasia) by Crohn's disease,as well as the extra-enteric manifestations of the disease,including fistulae,sinus tracts,abscesses,and urologic/hepatobiliary/osseous ***,the proper use of 3-D technique(including volume rendering and maximum intensity projection) as a routine component of enterography interpretation can play a vital role in improving diagnostic accuracy.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Computed tomography angiography multidetector computed tomography Three dimensional technique Volume rendering maximum intensity projection Fistula Dose reduction

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Systemic IL-27 administration prevents abscess formation and osteolysis via local neutrophil recruitment and activation

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Bone Research 2022年第4期10卷 826-837页

作者： Yugo morita motoo Saito Javier Rangel-moreno Anthony m.Franchini John R.Owen John C.martinez John L.Daiss karen L.de mesy Bentley Stephen L.Kates Edward m.Schwarz Gowrishankar muthukrishnan Center for musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Division of Allergy Immunology and RheumatologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Department of Environmental medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and DentistryRochesterNYUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA Department of Orthopedics University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Interleukin-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine whose functions during bacterial infections remain controversial,and its role in patients with *** osteomyelitis is *** address this knowledge gap,we completed a clinical study and observed elevated serum IL-27 levels(20-fold higher,Pmpared with healthy ***,IL-27 serum levels were 60-fold higher in patients immediately following septic death than in uninfected patients(Pmyelitis in WT and IL-27Rα^(−/−)mice with and without exogenous IL27 induction by intramuscular injection of rAAV-IL-27p28 or rAAV-GFP,*** found that IL-27 was induced at the surgical site within 1 day of *** infection of bone and was expressed by m0,m1 and m2 macrophages and osteoblasts but not by ***,exogenous IL-27p28(~2 ng·mL^(−1) in serum)delivery ameliorated soft tissue abscesses and periimplant bone loss during infection,accompanied by enhanced local IL-27 expression,significant accumulation of RORγt^(+)neutrophils at the infection site,a decrease in RANK^(+) cells,and compromised osteoclast *** effects were not observed in IL-27Rα^(−/−)mice compared with WT mice,suggesting that IL-27 is dispensable for immunity but mediates redundant immune and bone cell functions during *** vitro studies and bulk RNA-seq of infected tibiae showed that IL-27 increased nos1,nos2,il17α,il17f,and rorc expression but did not directly stimulate ***,these results identify a novel phenomenon of IL-27 expression by osteoblasts immediately following *** infection of bone and suggest a protective role of systemic IL-27 in osteomyelitis.

关键词： abscess protective immunity

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