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Parenting preschoolers with autism: Socioeconomic influences on wellbeing and sense of competence

World Journal of Psychiatry 2019年第2期9卷 30-46页

作者： Nisha E Mathew karen l O Burton Anne Schierbeek Rudi ?rn?ec Amelia Walter Valsamma Eapen School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Academic Unit of Child Psychiatry South West Sydney and Ingham Institute South West Sydney Local Health District Liverpool Hospital ICAMHSMental Health Centre (Level L1)

BACkGROUND Previous research suggests that parents raising a child with autism experience higher levels of psychological distress than parents of typically developing children and parents of children with other developmental disorders. little is known, however, about the intersection between the effects of socioeconomic status(SES) on the wellbeing and sense of parental competency of parents of preschoolers with autism and how it relates to child symptom *** To examine the relationship between their child's symptom severity, SES, as measured by neighbourhood advantage and occupational status, on the psychological wellbeing and perceived parenting competence among parents of preschoolers with *** Parents of 117 preschool-aged children with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder(ASD), 107 mothers and 54 fathers, completed questionnaires about their child's symptoms of ASD and functioning, their own perceptions of their wellbeing and parental competence on entry to an early intervention program in Sydney, Australia. Parents also provided demographic information pertaining to their occupation, level of education attained and address(postcode). All children were also assessed for their severity of symptoms using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. The Australian Socioeconomic Index of occupationalstatus as a measure of familial SES and the Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage as a measure of neighbourhood advantage were used to examine the impact of SES on parental sense of competence and *** Compared to normative populations, both mothers and fathers in our sample reported significantly higher levels of parenting sense of efficacy but lower levels of interest in the parenting role. Mothers also displayed higher levels of satisfaction. Both mothers and fathers displayed higher levels of depression than normative populations with mothers also reporting greater levels of stress and anxiety. Child symptom sev

关键词： Wellbeing Parenting competency Autism Autism spectrum disorder Parent Mother Father Socioeconomic status

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Review of the impact of heat stress on reproductive performance of sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 859-876页

作者： William H.E.J.van Wettere karen l.kind kathryn l.Gatford Alyce M.Swinbourne Stephan T.leu Peter T.Hayman Jennifer M.kelly Alice C.Weaver David O.kleemann Simon k.Walker The University of Adelaide School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesDavies Livestock Research CentreRoseworthy CampusMudla Wirra RdRoseworthySouth Australia 5371Australia The University of Adelaide Robinson Research InstituteAdelaide Medical SchoolNorth TerraceAdelaideSouth Australia 5000Australia The University of Adelaide School of AgricultureFood and WineWaite Research InstituteUrrbraeSouth Australia 5064Australia South Australian Research and Development Institute Primary Industries and Regions SAGovernment of South AustraliaClimate ApplicationsWaite Research PrecinctUrrbraeSouth Australia 5064Australia South Australian Research and Development Institute Primary Industries and Regions SAReproductive BiologyLivestock SciencesTurretfield Research Centre129 Holland RdRosedaleSouth Australia 5350Australia

Heat stress significantly impairs reproduction of sheep,and under current climatic conditions is a significant risk to the efficiency of the meat and wool production,with the impact increasing as global temperatures *** from field studies and studies conducted using environmental chambers demonstrate the effects of hot temperatures(≥32℃)on components of ewe fertility(oestrus,fertilisation,embryo survival and lambing)are most destructive when experienced from 5 d before until 5 d after *** controlled studies also demonstrate that ram fertility,as measured by rates of fertilisation and embryo survival,is reduced when mating occurs during the period 14 to 50 d ***,the contribution of the ram to heat induced reductions in flock fertility is difficult to determine *** primarily on temperature controlled studies,it is clear that sustained exposure to high temperatures(≥32℃)during pregnancy reduces lamb birthweight and will,therefore,decrease lamb survival under field *** is concluded that both ewe and ram reproduction is affected by relatively modest levels of heat stress(≥32℃)and this is a concern given that a significant proportion of the global sheep population experiences heat stress of this magnitude around mating and during *** this,strategies to limit the impacts of the climate on the homeothermy,behaviour,resource use and reproduction of extensively grazed sheep are limited,and there is an urgency to improve knowledge and to develop husbandry practices to limit these impacts.

关键词： Fertility Heat stress Oogenesis Pregnancy Sheep Spermatogenesis

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An integrated framework for discovering digital library collections

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1318-1326页

作者： CAlHOUN karen library Technical Services Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

Information seekers are generally on their own to discover and use a research library’s growing array of digital col- lections, and coordination of these collections’ development and maintenance is often not optimal. The frequent lack of a con- scious design for how collections fit together is of equal concern because it means that research libraries are not making the most of the substantial investments they are making in digital initiatives. This paper proposes a framework for a research library’s digital collections that offers integrated discovery and a set of best practices to underpin collection building, federated access, and sus- tainability. The framework’s purpose is to give information seekers a powerful and easy way to search across existing and future collections and to retrieve integrated sets of results. The paper and its recommendations are based upon research undertaken by the author and a team of librarians and technologists at Cornell University library. The team conducted structured interviews of forty-five library staff members involved in digital collection building at Cornell, studied an inventory of the library’s more than fifty digital collections, and evaluated seven existing Open Archives Initiative (OAI) and federated search production or prototype systems. The author will discuss her team’s research and the rationale for their recommendations to: present a cohesive view of the library’s digital collections for both browsing and searching at the object level; take a programmatic (rather than project-based) approach to digital collection building; require that all new digital collections conform to library-developed and agreed-upon OAI best practices for data providers; and implement organizational structures to sustain the library’s digital collections over the long term.

关键词： Digital collections Federated searching Open Archives Initiative (OAI) Digital library best practices

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Sex-specific differences in white matter microvascular integrity after ischaemic stroke

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第4期4卷 198-205页

作者： Mark R Etherton Ona Wu Pedro Cougo Svetlana lorenzano Hua li lisa Cloonan Mark J R J Bouts Arne lauer ken Arai Eng H lo Steve k Feske karen l Furie Natalia S Rost Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMAUnited States Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUnited States Medical School of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Human Neurosciences Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Institute of Psychology Leiden UniversityLeidenNetherlands Department of Neuroradiology Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainFrankfurtGermany Department of Neurology Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUnited States Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA

background and purpose Functional outcomes after ischaemic stroke are worse in women,despite adjusting for differences in comorbidities and treatment *** matter microvascular integrity represents one risk factor for poor long-term functional outcomes after ischaemic *** aim of the study is to characterise sex-specific differences in microvascular integrity in individuals with acute ischaemic *** A retrospective analysis of subjects with acute ischaemic stroke and brain MRI with diffusion-weighted(DWI)and dynamic-susceptibility contrast-enhanced(DSC)perfusion-weighted imaging obtained within 9 hours of last known well was *** the hemisphere contralateral to the acute infarct,normal-appearing white matter(NAWM)microvascular integrity was measured using the k_(2) coefficient and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)*** analyses for predictors of k_(2) coefficient,DWI volume and good outcome(90-day modified Rankin scale(mRS)scorelusion criteria for *** no difference in age,women had increased NAWM k_(2) coefficient(1027.4 vs 692.7×10^(-6)/s;p=0.006).In women,atrial fibrillation(β=583.6;p=0.04)and increasing NAWM ADC(β=4.4;p=0.02)were associated with increased NAWM k_(2) *** multivariable regression analysis,the k_(2) coefficient was an independent predictor of DWI volume in women(β=0.007;p=0.01)but not *** In women with acute ischaemic stroke,increased NAWM k_(2) coefficient is associated with increased infarct volume and chronic white matter structural *** studies investigating sex-specific differences in white matter microvascular integrity are needed.

关键词： microvascular white coefficient

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A quasi-steady state model for predicting the heating requirements of conventional greenhouses in cold regions

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2018年第1期5卷 33-46页

作者： Md Shamim Ahamed Huiqing Guo karen Tanino Division of Environmental Engineering University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanCanada Department of Plant Sciences University of SaskatchewanCanada

A time-dependent,quasi-steady state thermal model(GREENHEAT)based on the lumped estimation of heat transfer parameters of greenhouses has been developed to predict the hourly heating requirements of conventional *** model was designed to predict the hourly heating requirements based on the input of greenhouse indoor environmental control parameters,physical and thermal properties of crops and construction materials,and hourly weather data including temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,and cloud *** model includes all of the heat transfer parameters in greenhouses including the heat loss for plant evapotranspiration,and the heat gain from environmental control *** show that the predicted solar radiation data from the solar radiation sub-model are a reasonable fit with the data from the National Solar Radiation Database(NSRDB).Thermal analysis indicates environmental control systems could reduce 13–56%of the total heating requirements over the course of a year in the study *** the winter season,the highest amount of greenhouse heat is lost due to conduction and convection,and the heat used for evapotranspiration is dominant in the ***,the model was validated with actual heating data collected from a commercial greenhouse located in Saskatoon,and the results show that the model satisfactorily predicts the greenhouse heating requirements.

关键词： Heating model Solar radiation Supplemental lighting Evapotranspiration

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Intraocular pressure fluctuation and the risk of glaucomatous damage deterioration: a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第1期12卷 123-128页

作者： Zhen-Zhen Guo karen chang Xin Wei Department of Ophthalmology West China Hospital Sichuan University Department of Ophthalmology First Hospital of Xi’an Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry School of Dentistry Taiwan University Schepens Eye Research Institute MEEIHarvard Medical School

AIM: To systematically review whether the increased fluctuation of intraocular pressure(IOP) is a risk factor for open angle glaucoma(OAG) progression. METHODS: Scientific studies relevant to IOP fluctuation and glaucoma progression were retrieved from MEDlINE,EMBASE and CENTRAl databases, and were listed as references in this paper. The hazard ratio(HR) was calculated by using fixed or random-effects models according to the heterogeneity of included studies. RESUlTS: Individual data for 2211 eyes of 2637 OAG patients in fourteen prospective studies were included in this Meta-analysis. All studies were longitudinal clinical studies with follow-up period ranging from 3 to 8.5 y. The combined HR was 1.23(95%CI 1.04-1.46, P=0.02) for the association between IOP fluctuation and glaucoma onset or progression with the evidence of heterogeneity(Plyses with different types of IOP fluctuation were also evaluated. Results indicated that the summary HR was 0.98(95%CI 0.78-1.24) in short-term IOP fluctuation group, which showed no statistical significance with heterogeneity, whereas, the combined HR was 1.43(95%CI1.13-1.82, P=0.003) in long-term IOP fluctuation group without homogeneity. Sensitivity analysis further showed that the pooled HR was 1.10(95%CI 1.03-1.18, P=0.004) for long-term IOP fluctuation and visual function progression with homogeneity among studies(P=0.3). CONClUSION: long-term IOP fluctuation can be a risk factor for glaucoma progression based on the presentedevidence. Thus, controlling the swing of IOP is crucial for glaucoma or glaucoma suspecting patients.

关键词： intraocular pressure fluctuation glaucoma visual field progression

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Unexpected guests in the tumor microenvironment:microbiome in cancer

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Protein & Cell 2021年第5期12卷 426-435页

作者： Abigail Wong-Rolle Haohan karen Wei Chen Zhao Chengcheng Jin Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Malignancies Branch National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health4 Memorial DriveBethesdaMD 20892USA Department of Cancer Biology Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania421 Curie Blvd.PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Although intestinal microbiome have been established as an important biomarker and regulator of cancer development and therapeutic response, less is known about the role of microbiome at other body sites in cancer. Emerging evidence has revealed that the local microbiota make up an important part of the tumor microenvironment across many types of cancer, especially in cancers arising from mucosal sites, including the lung, skin and gastrointestinal tract. The populations of bacteria that reside specifically within tumors have been found to be tumor-type specific, and mechanistic studies have demonstrated that tumor-associated microbiota may directly regulate cancer initiation, progression and responses to chemo- or immuno-therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review of the important literature on the microbiota in the cancerous tissue, and their function and mechanism of action in cancer development and treatment.

关键词： microbiome tumor lung cancer immune system tumor-associated microbiota cancer immunotherapy

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YAP activates pancreatic stellate cells and enhances pancreatic fibrosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第6期21卷 583-589页

作者： lennard Spanehl Denis Revskij karen Bannert luise Ehlers Robert Jaster Department of Medicine Ⅱ Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterErnst-Heydemann-Str.618057 RostockGermany

Background:Pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs)foster the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis(CP)by producing a dense fibrotic ***,the incomplete knowledge of PSCs biology hampers the exploration of antifibrotic ***,we explored the role of the Hippo pathway in the context of PSCs activation and experimental ***:CP model was created in rats with the tail vein injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTC).The expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP)in CP tissue was *** and immortalized rats PSCs were treated with the YAP-inhibitor ***,YAP siRNA was ***,DNA synthesis,cell survival,levels ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)protein,presence of lipid droplets and PSCs gene expression were *** regulators of YAP signaling were studied by reporter gene ***:In DBTC-induced CP,pronounced expression of YAP in areas of tubular structures and periduc-tal fibrosis was *** diminished DNA replication in PSCs in a dose-dependent *** of YAP reduced cell *** cultures of PSCs were characterized by a de-crease of lipid droplets and increased synthesis ofα-SMA *** processes were not affected by *** the non-cytotoxic concentration of 100 nmol/l,verteporfin significantly reduced mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1(Tgf-β1)and Ccn family member 1(Ccn1).YAP signaling was acti-vated by TGF-β1,but repressed by interferon-γ.Conclusions:Activated YAP enhanced PSCs *** antifibrotic potential of Hippo pathway in-hibitors warrants further investigation.

关键词： Hippo pathway Pancreatic stellate cells Fibrosis Pancreatic cancer Chronic pancreatitis

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High levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization on Medicago truncatula reduces plant suitability as a host for pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 99-112页

作者： Elisa Garzo Eric Rizzo Alberto Fereres S.karen Gomez nstituto de Ciencias Agrarias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(ICA-CSIC) MadridSpain School of Biological Sciences University of Northern ColoradoGreeleyColoradoUSA

This study sheds light on a poorly understood area in insect-plant-microbe interactions,focusing on aphid probing and feeding behavior on plants with varying levels of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungus root *** investigates a commonly occurring interaction of three species:pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum,barrel medic Medicago truncatula,and the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis,examining whether aphid-feeding behavior changes when insects feed on plants at different levels of AM fungus colonization(42% and 84% root length colonized).Aphid probing and feeding behavior was monitored throughout 8 h of recording using the electrical penetration graph(EPG)technique,also,foliar nutrient content and plant growth were ***,aphids took longer to reach their 1st sustained phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants than on the 42% AM plants or on *** aphids showed phloem ingestion on the 84% AM plants relative to the 42% AM *** of the 84% AM plants had higher percent carbon(43.7%)relative to controls(40.5%),and the 84% AM plants had reduced percent nitrogen(5.3%)relative to the 42% AM plants(6%).In conclusion,EPG and foliar nutrient data support the hypothesis that modifications in plant anatomy(e.g.,thicker leaves),and poor food quality(reduced nitrogen)in the 84% AM plants contribute to reduced aphid success in locating phloem and ultimately to differences in phloem sap *** work suggests that *** plants benefit from AM symbiosis not only because of increased nutrient uptake but also because of reduced susceptibility to aphids.

关键词： Aphididae arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus electrical penetration graph(EPG) Fabaceae Glomeraceae insect-plant-microbe interactions symbiosis

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Alum split applications strengthened phosphorus fixation and phosphate sorption in high legacy phosphorus calcareous soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 87-97页

作者： Bingqian Fan Owen Fenton karen Daly Jiahui Ding Shuo Chen Qing Chen Beijing key laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Teagasc Environmental Research CentreJohnstown CastleCo.WexfordIreland

High phosphorus(P)saturation arising from historic P inputs to protected vegetable fields(PVFs)drives high P mobilisation to *** of soils with alum has shown potential in terms of fixing labile P and protecting water *** present 15 month pot experiment investigated P stabilisation across single alum application(Alum-1 treatment,20 g alum/kg soil incorporated into soil before the maize was sown),alum split applications(Alum-4 treatment,5 g alum/kg soil incorporated into soil before each crop was sown i.e.4×5 g/kg)and soil only treatment(Control).Results showed that the Alum-1 treatment caused the strongest stabilisation of soil labile P after maize plant removal,whereas the P stabilisation effect was gradually weakened due to the transformation of soil non-labile P to labile P and the reduced active Al^(3+)in soil *** the Alum-4 treatment,soil labile P decreased gradually with each crop planting and was lower than the Alum-1 treatment at the end of the final crop removal,without any impairment on plant *** better P stabilisation at the end of Alum-4 treatment was closely correlated with a progressive supply of Al^(3+)and a gradual decrease of pH,which resulted in higher contents of poorlycrystalline Al,Fe and exchangeable *** aspects were conducive to increasing the soil P stabilisation and phosphate *** terms of management,growers in continuous cropping systems could utilise split alum applications as a strategy to alleviate P losses in high-P enriched calcareous soil.

关键词： High legacy phosphorus Calcareous soil Phosphorus stabilisation Alum split applications Non-crystalline Fe/Al

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