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Assessing the performance of YOLOv5 algorithm for detecting volunteer cotton plants in corn fields at three different growth stages

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2022年第1期6卷 292-303页

作者： Pappu Kumar Yadav J.Alex Thomasson Stephen W.Searcy Robert G.Hardin Ulisses Braga-Neto Sorin C.Popescu Daniel E.Martin Roberto Rodriguez karem meza Juan Enciso Jorge Solórzano Diaz Tianyi Wang Department of Biological&Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUnited States of America Department of Agricultural&Biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUnited States of America Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUnited States of America Department of Ecology&Conservation Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUnited States of America Aerial Application Technology Research U.S.D.A.Agriculture Research ServiceCollege StationTXUnited States of America U.S.D.A.-APHIS PPQ S&T Mission LabEdinburgTXUnited States of America Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Utah State UniversityLoganUTUnited States of America Texas A&M AgriLife Research&Extension Center WeslacoTXUnited States of America College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

The feral or volunteer cotton(VC)plants when reach the pinhead squaring phase(5–6 leaf stage)can act as hosts for the boll weevil(Anthonomus grandis L.)*** Texas Boll Weevil Eradication Program(TBWEP)employs people to locate and eliminate VC plants growing by the side of roads or fields with rotation crops but the ones growing in the middle of fields remain *** this paper,we demonstrate the application of computer vision(CV)algorithm based on You Only Look Once version 5(YOLOv5)for detecting VC plants growing in the middle of corn fields at three different growth stages(V3,V6 and VT)using unmanned aircraft systems(UAS)remote sensing *** the four variants of YOLOv5(s,m,l,and x)were used and their performances were compared based on classification accuracy,mean average precision(mAP)and *** was found that YOLOv5s could detect VC plants with maximum classification accuracy of 98%and mAP of 96.3%at V6 stage of corn while YOLOv5s and YOLOv5m resulted in the lowest classification accuracy of 85%and YOLOv5m and YOLOv5l had the least mAP of 86.5%at VT stage on images of size 416×416 *** developed CV algorithm has the potential to effectively detect and locate VC plants growing in the middle of corn fields as well as expedite the management aspects of TBWEP.

关键词： Boll weevil Volunteer cotton plant Computer vision YOLOv5 Unmanned aircraft systems(UAS) Remote sensing

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Is the speed of adjusting to environmental change condition dependent?An experiment with house mice(Mus musculus)

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 350-360页

作者： karem Lopez-Hervas Neelam Porwal Mathilde Delacoux Alexandros Vezyrakis Anja Guenther RG Behavioural Ecology of Individual Differences Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology24306 PlönGermany Department of Evolutionary Biology Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityWieniawskiego 161-712 PoznańPoland Department for Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour78464 ConstanceGermany Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour University of Konstanz78464 ConstanceGermany Animal Ecology Institute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of Potsdam14469 PotsdamGermany

Environmental conditions change constantly either by anthropogenic perturbation or naturally across space and ***,a change in behavior is the frst response to changing *** fexibility can potentially improve an organism’s chances to survive and ***,we lack an understanding on the time-scale such behavioral adjustments need,how they actually affect reproduction and survival and whether behavioral adjustments are suffcient in keeping up with changing *** used house mice(Mus musculus)to test whether personality and life-history traits can adjust to an experimentally induced food-switch fexibly in adulthood or by intergenerational plasticity,that is,adjustments only becoming visible in the offspring *** lived in 6 experimental populations of semi-natural environments either on high or standard quality food for 4 *** showed previously that high-quality food induced better conditions and a less risk-prone ***,we tested whether the speed and/or magnitude of adjustment shows condition-dependency and whether adjustments incur ftness ***-history but not personality traits reacted fexibly to a food-switch,primarily by a direct reduction of reproduction and sloweddown *** whose parents received a food-switch developed a more active stress-coping personality and gained weight at a slower rate compared with their respective ***,the modulation of most traits was condition-dependent,with animals previously fed with high-quality food showing stronger *** study highlights that life-history and personality traits adjust at different speed toward environmental change,thus,highlighting the importance of the environment and the mode of response for evolutionary models.

关键词： animal personality context dependence environmental change Match-mismatch non-genetic inheritance phenotypic flexibility phenotypic plasticity

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Impact of the photosensitizers hematoporphyrin coated gold nanoparticles on biomphalaria alexandrina snails

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2011年第2期1卷 54-60页

作者： karem El-Hommossany El-Sherbibni S.A 不详

The present study was done using two concentrations of the photosensitizer Hematoporphyrin coated Gold Nanoparticles (HpdGNP3) (5x10–6 , 5x10–5 mole/dicemeter–3), to evaluate their efficacy on survival rate, egg-laying capacity of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and on histological deteriorations in their hermaphrodite gland. B. alexandrina snails were incubated for 12 hours at each tested concentration in the dark, thereafter they were exposed to direct sunlight (336.2 W/m2) for either 2 or 4 hours followed by 24 hours of recovery. Control snails were treated with these concentrations without exposure to light irradiance. Another experiment was carried out simultaneously and the snails were left for 4 weeks of recovery to evaluate their egg-laying capacity (Mx). The results indicate that 5x10–5 Mdm–3 (HpdGNPs) with 4 hours of exposure sunlight suppressed the survival rate of B. alexandrina snails by 50%. Meanwhile, control snails incubated with 5x10–5 Mdm–3 HpdGNPs were not affected and still alive (100%). For snail’s fecundity (Mx), treated snails laid low number of eggs throughout the recov-ery period (4 weeks), in comparison with that of control ones. The highest value of Mx for snails treated with 5x10–5 Mdm–3 Hpd coated GNPs was recorded at the 3rd week of recovery period, being 6.7 eggs/snail, compared to 37.6 eggs/control snail. This has a negative reflect on the reproductive rate (Ro) of treated snails as it was reduced under these conditions by 76.6% and 86.1%, *** tests re-vealed injuries in spermatocytes, oocytes, several degenerations of *** hermaphrodite gland then evacuations in many gonad’s cells which severely suppressed their capacity for egg-laying. It is concluded from the present work that exposing B. alexandrina snails to sublethal concentrations of the photosensiter Hpd coated GNPs (12 hours incubation, 4 hours exposure to 336.2 W/m2) significantly reduced their reproductive capacity that may have a negative ref

关键词： Biomphalaria Alexandrina snails Hematoporphyrin Coated Gold Nanoparticles Snail’s Egg-Laying Capacity Histology

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Recombinant streptokinase vs phenylephrine-based suppositories in acute hemorrhoids, randomized, controlled trial(THERESA-3)

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第6期20卷 1594-1601页

作者： Francisco Hernández-Bernal Georgina Castellanos-Sierra Carmen M Valenzuela-Silva karem M Catasús-lvarez Roselin Valle-Cabrera Ana Aguilera-Barreto Pedro A López-Saura Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology "Juan B. Zayas" Hospital National Center for the Coordination of Clinical Trials

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of recombinant streptokinase (rSK) and phenylephrine-based suppositories in acute hemorrhoidal disease.

关键词： Streptokinase Suppository Phenylephrine Thrombolysis Hemorrhoids Randomized clinical trial

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Flow Dynamics in Restricted Geometries: A Mathematical Concept Based on Bloch NMR Flow Equation and Boubaker Polynomial Expansion Scheme

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2013年第5期1卷 71-78页

作者： Omotayo Bamidele Awojoyogbe Oluwaseun Michael Dada karem Boubaker Omoniyi Adewale Adesola Department of Physics Federal University of Technology Minna Nigeria UPDS/ESSTT/63 Rue Sidi Jabeur 5100 Mahdia Tunisia

Computational techniques are invaluable to the continued success and development of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and to its widespread applications. New processing methods are essential for addressing issues at each stage of MRI techniques. In this study, we present new sets of non-exponential generating functions representing the NMR transverse magnetizations and signals which are mathematically designed based on the theory and dynamics of the Bloch NMR flow equations. These signals are functions of many spinning nuclei of materials and can be used to obtain information observed in all flow systems. The Bloch NMR flow equations are solved using the Boubaker polynomial expansion scheme (BPES) and analytically connect most of the experimentally valuable NMR parameters in a simplified way for general analyses of magnetic resonance imaging with adiabatic condition.

关键词： Bloch NMR Flow Equations Boubaker Polynomial Expansion Scheme (BPES) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Adiabatic Condition

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Human papillomavirus in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Colombia and Chile

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第38期12卷 6188-6192页

作者： Andres Castillo Francisco Aguayo Chihaya Koriyama Miyerlandi Torres Edwin Carrascal Alejandro Corvalan Juan P Roblero Cecilia Naquira Mariana Palma Claudia Backhouse Jorge Argandona Tetsuhiko Itoh karem Shuyama Yoshito Eizuru Suminori Akiba Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima Japan Division of Persistent and Oncogenic Viruses Center for Chronic Viral Diseases Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima Japan Department of Pathology University of Valle Faculty of Health Sciences Sede San Fernando Cali Colombia Department of Pathology P. Catholic University Santiago Chile Gastroenterology and Pathologic Unit Hospital San Camilo San Felipe Chile Institute for Digestive Diseases Chileno-Japones at San Borja- Arriaran Hospital Santiago Chile Geriatric Health Services Facility Kagoshima Japan

AIM： To examine the presence of human papillomavirus （HPV） in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） specimens collected from Colombia and Chile located in the northern and southern ends of the continent, respectively.METHODS： We examined 47 and 26 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded ESCC specimens from Colombia and Chile, respectively. HPV was detected using GP5＋/GP6＋ primer pair for PCR, and confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Sequencing analysis of L1 region fragment was used to identify HPV genotype. In addition, P16^INK4A protein immunostaining of all the specimens was conducted.RESULTS： HPV was detected in 21 ESCC specimens （29%）. Sequencing analysis of L1 region fragment identified HPV-16 genome in 6 Colombian cases （13%） and in 5 Chilean cases （19%）. HPV-18 was detected in i0 cases （21%） in Colombia but not in any Chilean case. Since Chilean ESCC cases had a higher prevalence of HPV-16 （without statistical significance）, but a significantly lower prevalence of HPV-18 than in Colombian cases （P = 0.011） even though the two countries have similar ESCC incidence rates, the frequency of HPV-related ESCC may not be strongly affected by risk factors affecting the incidence of ESCC. HPV-16 genome was more frequently detected in p16 positive carcinomas, although the difference was not statistically significant. HPV-18 detection rate did not show any association with p16 expression. Well-differentiated tumors tended to have either HPV-16 or HPV-18 but the association was not statistically significant. HPV genotypes other than HPV-16 or 18 were not detected in either country.CONCLUSION： HPV-16 and HPV-18 genotypes can be found in ESCC specimens collected from two South American countries. Further studies on the relationship between HPV-16 presence and p16 expression in ESCC would aid understanding of the mechanism underlying the presence of HPV in ESCC.

关键词： Human papillomavirus Esophageal squamous cell cancer Colombia Chile

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Is Primary Repair of Tracheobronchial Rupture Curative?

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2013年第2期3卷 47-50页

作者： Abdel-Maged Salem Alaa Brik Ali Refat karem Elfagharany Abdalla Badr Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Zagazig University Hospital Zagazig Egypt

Background: Tracheobronchial disruption as a result of blunt thoracic trauma is a rare entity and only clinically serious lesions come to our notice, which can be life-threatening and need prompt recognition and treatment. Objectives: To review the authors’ experience with tracheobronchial injuries to emphasize the need for prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid lethal complications including severe hypoxic organ failure, sepsis, mediastinitis and bronchopleural fistula. Patients and methods: A retrospective study of total 32 patients with tracheobronchial injury from 2001 to 2011. This study limited to patients with thoracic tracheal or bronchial injury, excluding those with cervical injuries. The study includes collected information about mechanism of injury, presentation, time until diagnosis and treatment, anatomical site of injury, type of treatment, diagnostic methods, duration of follow up and outcome. Results: Twenty-four patients were male (75%) and eight were females (25%). Patient’s ages ranged from 7 - 53 years. Majority of cases was referred because of blunt trauma in 15 cases (46.8%), 6 (18.75) motor vehicle accident, 5 (15.6%) fall from a height and 4 (12.5%) with trauma by heavy object, while 8 cases (25%) were referred due to penetrating injury and 2 cases (6.25%) due to iatrogenic injury. In initially diagnosed group, the predominant clinical signs that give a suspicion of tracheobronchial disruption were increased subcutaneous surgical emphysema, shortness of breath, hemoptysis. After the admission to emergency unit, all of them were examined radiologically by chest X-ray film. Longitudinal tear of right upper lobe bronchus was found in 8 cases (32%), complete cut of right upper lobe bronchus in 4 cases (16%), tear of right intermediate bronchus in 4 cases (16%), 3 cases with clear cut left upper lobe (12%), longitudinal tear of distal lateral tracheal wall extend to right upper lobe in 2 cases (8%), 2 cases (8%) showed complex disruption of dist

关键词： Tracheobronchial Disruption Trauma

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Time Dependent Pressure Gradient Effect on Unsteady MHD Couette Flow and Heat Transfer of a Casson Fluid

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Engineering（科研） 2011年第1期3卷 38-49页

作者： M. E. Sayed-Ahmed Hazem A. Attia karem M. Ewis 不详

The unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible non-Newto- nian Casson fluid bounded by two parallel non-conducting porous plates has been studied with heat transfer considering the Hall effect. The fluid is acted upon by a uniform and exponential decaying pressure gradient. An external uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plates and the fluid motion is subjected to a uniform suction and injection. The lower plate is stationary and the upper plate is suddenly set into mo- tion and simultaneously suddenly isothermally heated to a temperature other than the lower plate temperature. Numerical solutions are obtained for the governing momentum and energy equations taking the Joule and viscous dissipations into consideration. The effect of unsteady pressure gradient, the Hall term, the parameter describing the non-Newtonian behavior on both the velocities and temperature distributions have been stud- ied.

关键词： MHD Flow Heat Transfer Non-Newtonian Fluids Unsteady Pressure Numerical Solution

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A Comparative Study of Analytical Solutions to the Coupled Van-der-Pol’s Non-linear Circuits Using the He’s Method(HPEM)and(BPES)

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Circuits and Systems 2011年第3期2卷 196-200页

作者： Huseyin Kocak Ahmet Yildirim Dahong Zhang karem Boubaker Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din Department of Mathematics Ege UniversityBornova–IzmirTurkey Department of Physics South China UniversityGuangzhouChina Ecole Superieure des Sciences et Techniques de Tunis University of TunisTunisTunisia Department of Basic Sciences HITEC UniversityTaxila CanttPakistan

In this paper, the He’s parameter-expanding method (HPEM) and the 4q-Boubaker Polynomials Expansion Scheme (BPES) are used in order to obtain analytical solutions to the non-linear modified Van der Pol’s oscillating circuit equation. The resolution protocols are applied to the ordinary Van der Pol equation, which annexed to conjoint delayed feedback and delay-related damping terms. The results are plotted, and compared with exact solutions proposed elsewhere, in order to evaluate accuracy.

关键词： Van-der-Pol’s Oscillating Circuit Delayed Feedback Damping BPES HPEM Exact Solutions Electrical Triode-Valve Circuit

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中国乡村旅游政策分析及其对玻利维亚的借鉴

中国乡村旅游政策分析及其对玻利维亚的借鉴

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作者：卡伦（VIDAL VALDEZ karem JHOVANA）安徽大学

学位级别：硕士

目前,旅游已经成为人们休闲娱乐的重要方式,除了去一些旅游景点外,近年来在中国,乡村旅游等特色旅游产业也有了快速的发展。尤其是中国一直以来,都将“三农问题”作为一个重要问题来对待,促进乡村发展与增加农民收入是中国政府的重要政... 详细信息

目前,旅游已经成为人们休闲娱乐的重要方式,除了去一些旅游景点外,近年来在中国,乡村旅游等特色旅游产业也有了快速的发展。尤其是中国一直以来,都将“三农问题”作为一个重要问题来对待,促进乡村发展与增加农民收入是中国政府的重要政策目标。在中国脱贫攻坚战略和乡村振兴战略下,乡村旅游产业有了较大的发展,各级政府在政策上也给予了大力支持。而在玻利维亚,乡村旅游的发展几乎是空白的,国家对旅游业发展的不重视、政局不稳定等因素都阻碍了旅游业的发展,乡村旅游更是得不到太多的政策支持。本文在对乡村旅游、乡村旅游政策等相关概念进行界定的基础上结合公共政策理论、可持续发展理论等相关理论,运用文献阅读法、内容分析法对中国乡村旅游核心政策和玻利维亚的国家层面的乡村旅游政策的政策主题、政策演化、政策内容结构进行分析,并在此基础上运用对比分析法研究中国和玻利维亚的乡村旅游政策特征的异同,结合玻利维亚的国情和乡村旅游的发展现状,总结分析中国乡村旅游政策对玻利维亚的借鉴作用,结构如下:第一部分为绪论,主要阐述了本文研究的研究背景、研究目标、研究意义、研究思路和研究方法等。第二部分为文献综述,通过对国内外有关乡村旅游政策的文献进行搜集和梳理,以求对乡村旅游的概念进行界定,并概述现有研究的状态,从而引出本文的研究内容。第三部分为理论分析,主要对乡村旅游、乡村旅游政策的概念进行界定,并阐述了公共政策理论、可持续发展理论以及对文献阅读法、内容分析法、对比分析法等方法进行了介绍。第四部分为中国的乡村旅游政策分析,以中国为主,分别从政策主题、政策演化、政策内容结构等三个维度进行了分析,并结合玻利维亚的乡村旅游政策内容的分析,在此基础上对两者的相同和不同之处进行了对比分析。第五部分在前文分析的基础上,结合玻利维亚的国情借鉴中国的乡村旅游政策,为玻利维亚乡村旅游政策的完善提出相应的建议。通过以上分析,不难看出,中国的乡村旅游政策对玻利维亚乡村旅游政策具有极强的借鉴意义。因此,本文在对中国乡村旅游政策进行深入分析的基础上,对中国乡村旅游政策进行借鉴,结合玻利维亚的具体国情,指出了玻利维亚目前乡村旅游政策方面存在的问题:(1)玻利维亚乡村旅游政策目标不够明确,缺乏系统的规划,各个主体对于乡村旅游的参与度不高,缺乏响应的旅游管理机制;(2)乡村旅游发展缺少统一的管理组织,乡村旅游法律制度不完善,难以做到对乡村旅游资源的统一管理,(3)资金缺口较大,对旅游管理专业人才的培养较为缺乏,对基础设施的政策支持力度不够。有针对性的对玻利维亚乡村旅游政策中存在的问题提出了相对应的建议:(1)做好乡村旅游统筹规划,引导多方参与合作开发,完善乡村旅游管理机制(2)加强乡村旅游组织构建,完善乡村旅游管理法律,加强乡村旅游的资源管理。(3)加大财政资金支持,加强人才培养与开发,加强基础设施建设。

关键词：中国玻利维亚乡村旅游政策借鉴

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