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Fuzzy difference Equations in diagnoses of Glaucoma from Retinal Images Using deep Learning

Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 801-816页

作者： d.dorathy Prema Kavitha L.Francis Raj Sandeep Kautish Abdulaziz S.almazyad karam.m.sal.am.al. wagdy m.ham.d department of mathematics Voorhees CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Chandigarh Group of Colleges JhanjeriMohaliPunjabIndia department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Faculty of Science and Technology School of IT and SystemsUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia Operations Research department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan

The intuitive fuzzy set has found important application in decision-making and machine *** enrich and utilize the intuitive fuzzy set,this study designed and developed a deep neural network-based glaucoma eye detection using fuzzy difference equations in the domain where the retinal images *** image detections are categorized as normal eye recognition,suspected glaucomatous eye recognition,and glaucomatous eye *** degrees associated with weighted values are calculated to determine the level of concentration between the fuzzy partition and the retinal *** proposed model was used to diagnose glaucoma using retinal images and involved utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)and deep learning to identify the fuzzy weighted regularization between *** methodology was used to clarify the input images and make them adequate for the process of glaucoma *** objective of this study was to propose a novel approach to the early diagnosis of glaucoma using the Fuzzy Expert System(FES)and Fuzzy differential equation(FdE).The intensities of the different regions in the images and their respective peak levels were *** the peak regions were identified,the recurrence relationships among those peaks were then *** partitioning was done due to varying degrees of similar and dissimilar concentrations in the *** and dissimilar concentration levels and spatial frequency generated a threshold image from the combined fuzzy matrix and *** distinguished between a normal and abnormal eye condition,thus detecting patients with glaucomatous eyes.

关键词： Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) glaucomatous eyes fuzzy difference equation intuitive fuzzy sets image segmentation retinal images

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Classification and technical target of water electrolysis for hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 554-576,I0012页

作者： Kahyun ham Sooan Bae Jaeyoung Lee Ertl Center for Electrochemistry and Catalysis Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)123 Cheomdangwagi-RoBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea department of Heterogeneous Reactions Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstr.34-36Mülheim an der RuhrGermany School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering GIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea International Future Research Center of Chemical Energy Storage and Conversion Processes GIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea eSuS Co. Ltd.#408S6 BuildingSchool of Environment and Energy EngineeringGIST123 CheomdangwagiroBuk-guGwangju 61005South Korea

Continuous efforts are underway to reduce carbon emissions worldwide in response to global climate *** electrolysis technology,in conjunction with renewable energy,is considered the most feasible hydrogen production technology based on the viable possibility of large-scale hydrogen production and the zero-carbon-emission nature of the ***,for hydrogen produced via water electrolysis systems to be utilized in various fields in practice,the unit cost of hydrogen production must be reduced to$1/kg H_(2).To achieve this unit cost,technical targets for water electrolysis have been suggested regarding components in the *** this paper,the types of water electrolysis systems and the limitations of water electrolysis system components are *** suggest guideline with recent trend for achieving this technical target and insights for the potential utilization of water electrolysis technology.

关键词： Water electrolysis Hydrogen production Technical target Electrochemistry

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A focus on parietal cells as a renewing cell population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第5期16卷 538-546页

作者： Sherif m karam department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences United Arab Emirates University Al-Ain PO Box 17666 United Arab Emirates

The fact that the acidsecreting parietal cells undergo continuous renewal has been ignored by many gastroenterologists and cell biologists. In the past, it was thought that these cells were static. However, by using 3Hthymidine radioautography in combination with electron microscopy, it was possible to demonstrate that parietal cells belong to a continuously renewing epithelial cell lineage. In the gastric glands, stem cells anchored in the isthmus region are responsible for the production of parietal cells. The stem cells give rise to three main progenitors: prepit, preneck and preparietal cells. Parietal cells develop either directly from the noncycling preparietal cells or less commonly via differentiation of the cycling prepit and preneck cell progenitors. The formation of a parietal cell is a sequential process which involves diminishment of glycocalyx, production of cytoplasmic tubulovesicles, an increase in number and length of microvilli, an increase in number and size of mitochondria, and fi nally, expansion and invagination of the apical membrane with the formation of an intracellular canalicular system. Little is known about the genetic counterparts of these morphological events. However, the time dimension of parietal cell production and the consequences of its alteration on the biological features of the gastric gland are well documented. The production of a new parietal cell takes about 2 d. However, mature parietal cells have a long lifespan during which they migrate bidirectionally while their functional activity for acid secretion gradually diminishes. Following an average lifespan of about 54 d, in mice, old parietal cells undergo degeneration and elimination. Various approaches for genetic alteration of the development of parietal cells have provided evidence in support of their role as governors of the stem/progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation programs. Revealing the dynamic features and the various roles of parietal cells would help

关键词： Cell differentiation Cell dynamics Cell renewal Oxyntic gland Oxyntic mucosa Parietal cell Preparietal cell

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Ghrelin attenuates gastrointestinal epithelial damage induced by doxorubicin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第33期17卷 3836-3841页

作者： m.ham.d A Fahim Hazem Kataya Rkia El-Kharrag dena am amer Basel al-Ramadi Sherif m karam department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUAE UniversityAl AinPO Box 17666United Arab Emirates department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUAE UniversityAl AinPO Box 17666United Arab Emirates department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUAE UniversityAl AinPO Box 17666United Arab Emirates department of microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUAE UniversityAl AinPO Box 17666United Arab Emirates

AIm:To examine the influence of ghrelin on the regenerative potential of gastrointestinal(GI)***:damage to GI epithelium was induced in mice by two intravenous injections of doxorubicin(10 and 6 mg/kg).Some of the doxorubicin-treated mice received a continuous subcutaneous infusion of ghrelin(1.25μg/h)for 10 d via implanted mini-osmotic *** label dividing stem cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle,all mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)one hour before *** stomach along with the duodenum were then removed and processed for histological examination and immunohistochemistry using anti-BrdU ***:The results showed dramatic damage to the GI epithelium 3 d after administration of chemotherapy which began to recover by day *** ghrelintreated mice,attenuation of GI mucosal damage was evident in the tissues examined *** analysis showed an increase in the number of BrdUlabeled cells and an alteration in their distribution along the epithelial lining in response to damage by *** mice treated with both doxorubicin and ghrelin,the number of BrdUlabeled cells was reduced when compared with mice treated with doxorubicin ***:The present study suggests that ghrelin enhances the regenerative potential of the GI epithelium in doxorubicintreated mice,at least in part,by modulating cell proliferation.

关键词： Gastrointestinal cell proliferation Gastrointestinal mucosal damage Ghrelin

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dysregulation of gastric H,K-ATPase by cigarette smoke extract

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第32期15卷 4016-4022页

作者： muna hammadi m.ham.d Adi Rony John Ghalia AK Khoder Sherif m karam department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine & Health SciencesUAE UniversityAl-AinPO Box 17666United Arab Emirates

AIm:To test whether the expression and activity of H,K-ATPase in parietal cells would be affected by cigarette smoke ***: Extracts of cigarette smoke were administered into mice by gastric gavage (5 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 d or in drinking water for 7 or 14 d. For the latter, each day a mouse consumed 5 mL water containing extracts of two cigarettes, on average. Control littermate mice received only vehicle. To compare the amount of H,K-ATPase in control and smoke-treated mice, the stomach was processed for Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis using monoclonal antibodies specific for α- or β-subunits of H,K-ATPase. The p-nitrophenylphospatase activity assay was used as a measurement for K-dependent H,K-ATPase ***: Probed transblots showed an increase in the amount of H,K-ATPase in smoke-treated mice which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and was found to be due to increased amounts of protein per parietal cell rather than an increased parietal cell number. The increase in the amount of H,K-ATPase was associated with an enhancement of its enzymatic activity. K-dependent activity in control and smoke-treated mice was significantly different (respectively, 0.12 μmol/mg vs 0.27 μmol/mg per minute, Pdministration of cigarette smoke extract is associated with an increase in the amount and activity of H,K-ATPase and hence, smokers are susceptible to development of peptic ulcer.

关键词： Proton pump H,K-ATPase Parietal cell Gastric gland Oxyntic mucosa Cigarette smoke extract Smoking

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On the mHd squeeze flow between two parallel disks with suction or injection via ham and HPm

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Frontiers of mechanical Engineering 2014年第3期9卷 270-280页

作者： d. d. GANJI m. ABBASI J. RAHImI m. GHOLamI I. RAHImIPETROUdI department of mechanical Engineering Babol University of Technology Babol Iran department of mechanical Engineering Sari Branch Islamic AzadUniversity Sari Iran department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Babol Universityof Technology Babol Iran department of mechanical Engineering College of Mechanic TehranScience and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Darnavand Iran

An analysis has been performed to study the problem of magneto-hydrodynamic （mHd） squeeze flow of an electrically conducting fluid between two infinite, parallel disks. The analytical methods called Homotopy Analysis method （ham） and Homotopy Perturbation method （HPm） have been used to solve nonlinear differential equations. It has been attempted to show the capabilities and wide-range applications of the proposed methods in comparison with a type of numerical analysis as Boundary Value Problem （BVP） in solving this problem. also, the velocity fields have been computed and shown graphically for various values of physical parameters. The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of squeeze Reynolds number, Hartmann number and the suction/injection parameter on the velocity field. Furthermore, the results reveal that ham and HPm are very effective and convenient.

关键词： Homotopy Analysis method Homotopy Perturbation method incompressible flow magneto-hydrodynamic flow parallel disks

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multi-redox phenazine/non-oxidized graphene/cellulose nanohybrids as ultrathick cathodes for high-energy organic batteries

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Nano Research 2021年第5期14卷 1382-1389页

作者： Youngjin ham Vitalii Ri Jin Kim Yeoheung Yoon Jinho Lee Kisuk Kang Ki-Seok An Chunjoong Kim Seokwoo Jeon department of materials Science and Engineering Advanced Battery CenterKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea department of materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Thin Film materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon34114Republic of Korea department of materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea

Various redox-active organic molecules can serve as ideal electrode materials to realize sustainable energy storage systems. Yet, to be more appropriate for practical use, considerable architectural engineering of an ultrathick, high-loaded organic electrode with reliable electrochemical performance is of crucial importance. Here, by utilizing the synergetic effect of the non-covalent functionalization of highly conductive non-oxidized graphene flakes (NOGFs) and introduction of mechanically robust cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-intermingled structure, a very thick (≈ 1 mm), freestanding organic nanohybrid electrode which ensures the superiority in cycle stability and areal capacity is reported. The well-developed ion/electron pathways throughout the entire thickness and the enhanced kinetics of electrochemical reactions in the ultrathick 5,10-dihydro-5,10-dimethylphenazine/NOGF/CNF (dmPZ-NC) cathodes lead to the high areal energy of 9.4 mWh·cm−2 (= 864 Wh·kg−1 at 158 W·kg−1). This novel ultrathick electrode architecture provides a general platform for the development of the high-performance organic battery electrodes.

关键词： energy storage organic electrodes batteries graphene cellulose nanofibers

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Fundamental principles and development of proximity-field nanopatterning toward advanced 3d nanofabrication

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 2965-2980页

作者： Sang-Hyeon Nam Gayea Hyun donghwi Cho Seonggon Han Gwangmin Bae Haomin Chen Kisun Kim Youngjin ham Junyong Park Seokwoo Jeon department of materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea department of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina School of materials Science and Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumiGyeongbuk 39177Republic of Korea department of Energy Engineering Convergence Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumiGyeongbuk 39177Republic of Korea KAIST Institute for NanoCentury(KINC) KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Three-dimensional(3d)nanoarchitectures have offered unprecedented material performances in diverse applications like energy storages,catalysts,electronic,mechanical,and photonic *** outstanding performances are attributed to unusual material properties at the nanoscale,enormous surface areas,a geometrical uniqueness,and comparable feature sizes with optical *** the practical use of the unusual nanoscale properties,there have been developments for macroscale fabrications of the 3d nanoarchitectures with process areas over centimeter *** the many fabrication methods for 3d structures at the nanoscale,proximity-field nanopatterning(PnP)is one of the promising techniques that generates 3d optical holographic images and transforms them into material structures through a lithographic *** conformal and transparent phase masks as a key factor,the PnP process has advantages in terms of stability,uniformity,and reproducibility for 3d nanostructures with periods from 300 nm to several *** merits of realizing precise 3d features with sub-100 nm and rapid processes are attributed to the interference of coherent light diffracted by phase *** this review,to report the overall progress of PnP from 2003,we present a comprehensive understanding of PnP,including its brief history,the fundamental principles,symmetry control of 3d nanoarchitectures,material issues for the phase masks,and the process area expansion to the wafer-scale for the target ***,technical challenges and prospects are discussed for further development and practical applications of the PnP technique.

关键词： proximity-field nanopatterning three-dimensional(3d)nanostructures phase mask interference lithography

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Unsteady time-dependent incompressible Newtonian fluid flow between two parallel plates by homotopy analysis method(ham),homotopy perturbation method(HPm)and collocation method(Cm)

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Propulsion and Power Research 2018年第3期7卷 247-256页

作者： m.R.Shirkhani H.A.Hoshyar I.Rahimipetroudi H.Akhavan d.d.Ganji department of mechanical Engineering Sari BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySariIran Young Researchers Club Sari BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySariIran department of mechanical Engineering Ghaemshahr BranchIslamic Azad UniversityGhaemshahrIran

Analytical and numerical analyses have performed to study the problem of the flow of incompressible Newtonian fluid between two parallel plates approaching or receding from each other *** Navier–Stokes equations have been transformed into an ordinary differential equation using a similarity *** powerful analytical methods called collocation method(Cm),the homotopy perturbation method(HPm),and the homotopy analysis method(ham)have been used to solve nonlinear differential *** has been attempted to show the capabilities and wide-range applications of the proposed methods in comparison with a type of numerical analysis as fourth-order Runge–Kutta numerical method in solving this ***,velocity fields have been computed and shown graphically for various values of physical *** objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of Reynolds number and suction or injection characteristic parameter on the velocity field.

关键词： Homotopy analysis method(ham) Collocation method(Cm) Homotopy perturbation method(HPm) Parallel porous plates Unsteady flow

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Comprehensive chemical characterization of Pm_(2.5) in the large East mediterranean-middle East city of Beirut,Lebanon

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 118-137页

作者： Nansi Fakhri marc Fadel Fatma Ozturk melek Keles minas Iakovides michael Pikridas Charbel Abdallah Cyril karam Jean Sciare Patrick L.Hayes Charbel Afif EmmA Research Group Centre d’Analyses et de RechercheFaculty of SciencesUniversitéSaint-JosephBeirutLebanon department of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversitéde MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada Environmental Engineering department Faculty of EngineeringBolu Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityBoluTurkey Climate and Atmosphere Research Center(CARE-C) The Cyprus InstituteNicosiaCyprus

The chemical composition of Pm_(2.5) at two sites in Lebanon,a country in the East mediterranean-middle East region,is investigated in the spring and summer *** average Pm_(2.5) concentrations were of(29±16)μg/m 3 for Beirut urban site and(32±14)μg/m 3 for Beirut suburban *** study showed that the geographic location of the East mediterranean region,such as its proximity to the mediterranean Sea and the dust storm intrusion are a significant contributor to the high Pm levels from natural sources,which cannot be mitigated,rendering the Pm_(2.5) WHO annual Air Quality guideline unattainable due to high natural background,which also applies to the entire middle East *** and Eastern Europe are the dominant origin of air masses throughout our sampling days,suggesting the long-range transport as an important potential contributor to the high observed concentrations of V,Ni,and sulfate in this region most probably in other East mediterranean countries than Lebanon *** local sources determined through the chemical speciation including organics are road transport,resuspension of dust and diesel private generators.A health risk assessment of airborne metals was performed and the carcinogenic risk for all the metals exceeded by 42(adults)and 14(children)times the acceptable risk level(10^(-6))at both *** was the predominant carcinogenic metal,emphasizing the need to replace energy production with cleaner energy on a regional level and highlighting the severe impact of air pollution on the health of inhabitants in this region’s main cities.

关键词： Chemical composition Pm_(2.5) Eastern mediterranean middle East Organic aerosols Health risk assessment

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